Vol. 53, Iss. 3, Pages 801-1200

Identification of New (GT)n, (AC)n, (TC)n, and (TGA)n Microsatellite Alleles and their Effects on Teat Number in Sows

Guofang Wu, Xingxing Xue, Wenjuan Shen, Lei Wang, Yuhong Ma, Jiping Zhou

Teat number is an important economic trait in the pig breeding industry and is directly related to the livability and growth status of piglets. By applying genetic technology, it may be possible to increase the number of teats and thus enhance production. Prev…

Comparison of Mating Behavior of Four Species of Oxyinae (Acrididae: Orthoptera)

Riffat Sultana, Nuzhat Soomro, Santosh Kumar, Ahmed Ali Samajo

We describe the mating behavior of 4 species of Oxyinae: Oxya hyla hyla Serville, 1831, O. velox (Fabricius, 1787), O. fuscovittata (Marschall, 1836) and Oxyina bidentata Willemse. In trials carried out in laboratory we verified the following mating sequence:…

Preparation and Screening of Protoplast Fusion Bacteria of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus

Ye Ge, Chunmiao Zhao, Weitian Xie, Ying Liu, Chunhou Xu

Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) produces spores, and Rhamnose lactobacillus produces lactic acid. In this study, to obtain functional bacteria with lactic acid and lactobacilli and simultaneously producing spores and digestive enzymes, we produced the protopla…

Pattern of Ovarian Follicular Development and Steroid Hormone Concentrations during Estrous Cycle of Lohi Sheep

Muhammad Younis, Muhammad Irfan-ur-Rehman Khan, Mustansar Abbas, Ali Murtaza, Imran Mohsin, Muhammad Shahzad et al.

The objective of the study was to determine ovarian follicular development and steroid hormones concentrations during estrous cycle of Lohi sheep. Ovaries of nine Lohi ewes were monitored for two consecutive estrous cycles using B-mode trans-rectal ultrasonogr…

Facts and Figures On Covid-19 Pandemic Outbreak

Muhammad Akram Muneer, Khalid Munir, Ghulam Abbas1’, Isra Munir, Mumtaz Ahmad Khan, Asif Iqbal et al.

A variety of infectious public health problems are prevailing in the world. Among these, epidemics of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), H1N1 influenza and Middle EastRespiratorySyndromecoronavirus(MERS-CoV)emerged as very importantissuesduringlastthree…

Comparative Analysis of Meat Quality in Different Parts of Small-Tailed Han Sheep

Junyan Bai, Zhihao Dong, Youbing Yang, Ziheng Li, Xiaoning Lu, Huirong Gong

A comparative analysis of meat quality traits at different segmented parts of small-tailed Han sheep was conducted. The results showed that drip losses of back and tendon were obviously lower than those at other parts (P<0.05). Cooking loss of tendon was si…

Efficacy of Naturally Occurring Chemicals for the Integrated Control of Varroa destructor (Anderson and Trueman) in Honeybee Colonies

Rashid Mahmood, Muhammad Abu Bakar, Muhammad Fahim Raza, Ziyad Abdul Qadir, Muhammad Yahya

The Varroa mite, Varroa destructor is a destructive ecto-parasite of honey bee (Apis mellifera L) colonies. The main objective of this study was to examine the role of naturally occurring chemicals against Varroa mites of A. mellifera. Nine colonies of A. mell…

Expression of Malaria in Swat Valley, Pakistan

Hina Habib Syed, Muzafar Shah, Shahid Sherzada, Masroor Elahi Babar

The present study was carried out in Swat valley for malarial disease in 2017. Blood samples were collected from all age groups patients visiting hospital labs and District Head Quarter Laboratory who were recommended for diagnosis of malaria. About 1050 patie…

Effect of Isoliquiritin on Wound Healing in Scalded Rats

Qiang Tang, Qianli Tang

The aim of study was to investigate effect and possible mechanism of isoliquiritin on wound healing in scalded rats. The results show that at 24 h after the last administration, wound healing rate of isoliquiritin group was higher than that of model group (p=0…

Antibiofilm Activity of Proteolytic Enzymes against Salmonella Gallinarum Isolates from Commercial Broiler Chickens

Iram Liaqat, Tahir Hussain, Aisha Waheed Qurashi, Gulbeena Saleem, Asia Bibi, Muhammad Fiaz Qamar et al.

Salmonella Gallinarum,is a host specificpathogenic bacterium of fowl typhoid, one of the most important diseases of poultry that increases the death rate and reduction in eggs production. Bacteria forms the complex structural colonies enclosed in a sticky matr…

Animal Genetic Resources of Serbia: Situation and Perspectives

Natalija Grittner, Radomir MandiÄ, Milivoje UroševiÄ

This paper presents animal genetic resources of Serbia. Breeds of horses, donkeys, cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, pigs, chickens, geese, turkeys, ducks, guinea fowls, dogs and bees were analyzed. The number of populations these indigenous breeds in Serbia has…

Diet Comparison of Coexisting Collared Owlet (Glaucidium brodiei Burton, 1836), Spotted Owlet (Athene brama Temminck, 1821) and Eurasian Eagle Owl (Bubo bubo Linnaeus, 1758) in Wildlife Park Lohi Bher, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

Muhammad Bilal Anwar, Mirza Azhar Beg, Amjad Rashid Kayani, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem, Syed Israr Shah, Sajida Noureen et al.

The collared owlet (Glaucidium brodiei), spotted owlet (Athene brama) and eurasian eagle owl (Bubo bubo) are different sized avian predators coexisting in the Wildlife Park Lohi Bher, Rawalpindi district of the Punjab province of Pakistan. These crepuscular an…

Quercetin Modulates Aging Induced-Testicular Damage Via Increasing the Antioxidant Defense and the Immunolocalization of the Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen in Male Rats

Eman A. Al-Shahari, Abdelhalim A. Alkhazendar, Eman R. ElBealy, Abeer A. Alm-Eldeen

Aging is a natural process that affects testicular functions via increasing the oxidative stress. Quercetin, a polyphenolic, that has antioxidant activity. Therefore, this study was performed to examine the possible role of quercetin in modulating aging-induce…

Biodiversity of Soil Inhabiting Prostigmata (Arachnida: Acari) from Different Agro-Ecological Zones of Punjab, Pakistan

Ahmad Kamran Khan, Muhammad Hamid Bashir, Shanza Ahmed, Muhammad Amjad Bashir, Shahbaz Ali, Syeda Amber Hameed et al.

Suborder Prostigmata is extensively distributed geographically and present in all the terrestrial ecosystem. Family richness, diversity, abundance and evenness of soil inhabiting Prostigmata mites population in disturbed and undisturbed soil were estimated fro…

Population Trends of Some Insect Pests of Rice Crop on Light Trap and its Relation to Abiotic Factors in Punjab Pakistan

Ijaz Haider, Muhammad Akhtar, Ali Noman, Muhammad Qasim

A research trial was conducted at Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku, Punjab, Pakistan to study the population fluctuation of five species of rice pests namely white stem borer Scirpophaga innotata (Walker), yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas (Walke…

Palaeodietary and Palaeoclimatic Reconstruction for Late Miocene Hipparionines from the Siwaliks of Pakistan

Muhammad Tahir Waseem, Abdul Majid Khan, Abdul Ghaffar, Ayesha Iqbal, Rana Manzoor Ahmad

Dental materials of three hipparionine species from Dhok Pathan Formation (late Miocene) has been utilized in this study to reconstruct the palaeodiet and palaeoecology by using stable isotope analyses of carbon and oxygen of tooth enamel carbonate. A gradual…

Integrated Pest Management of Guava, Citrus and Mango Fruitflies at Three Districts of Punjab

Muneer Abbas, Dilbar Hussain, Muhammad Saleem, Abdul Ghaffar, Sohail Abbas, Niaz Hussain

Fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata and Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) has endangered the trade of Pakistani fruits in foreign markets. Use of IPM is best way to control fruit fly by avoiding harmful insecticidal spray application in order to save natural…

Mutant Screening of Metarhizium lepidiotae for Increased UV-Tolerance and Virulence

Wenyou Huang, Dan Yü, Song Huang, Jian Xiao, Ping Qi, Anhua Song et al.

The ability of entomopathogenic fungi to be applied for pest control in field applications is often hampered by negatively active abiotic factors including high temperature, desiccation and UV irradiation. Selecting isolates with high UV tolerance and virulenc…

Characterization of Cooperative Breeding for the Buff-throated Partridge (Tetraophasis szechenyii) Based on Parentage Testing

Qin Liu, Bin Wang, Yu Xu, Xiuyue Zhang, Tao Zeng, Jianghong Ran

The buff-throated partridge (Tetraophasis szechenyii), a sexually mono chromatic Galliformes species, is an endangered bird endemic to western China. Previous studies suggested that it had the behavior of facultative cooperative breeding, which was rarely repo…

Flight Affects Reproductive Performance and Offspring Development in Oriental Armyworm Mythimna separata (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Abdul Waheed Solangi, Lei Zhang, Yunxia Cheng, Xingfu Jiang

Environment experienced by mothers can influence many of the characteristics of their offspring also apply resource-related maternal effects through differential egg provisioning; we investigated impact of flight on female egg production and longevity in the…

Impact of Horse Age and Body Weight on the Angle Between the Parietal Surface of the Coffin Bone and the Ground

Małgorzata Dzierzęcka, Sławomir Paśko, Marcin Komosa, Karolina Barszcz, Bartłomiej Jan Bartyzel, Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska

This study analyzed the impact of horse age and body weight on the angle between the parietal surface of the coffin bone and the ground. A precise description of the plantar margin and the inclination of the parietal surface of the bone may contribute to a bet…

Early Pregnancy Diagnosis and Fetometry by Real Time Ultrasonography in Teddy Goat

Faiz Muhammad Khand, Allah Bux Kachiwal, Zubair Ahmed Laghari, Shakeel Ahmed Lakho, Pershotam Khattri, Saeed Ahmed Soomro et al.

The main objective of present study was to estimate gestational age of teddy goat by B-mode ultrasound measurement of embryonic or fetal parts and uterine diameter throughout pregnancy by transrectal approach. Three parameters crown rump length (CRL), trunk di…

Assessment of Avifauna and Water Quality Parameters of Mangla Wetland, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan

Muhammad Umar, Muhammad Arshad, Mubashar Hussain, Moazama Batool, Muhammad Faheem Malik

For two consecutive years, population estimates of avifauna were carried out. Simultaneously hydrological analysis of surface water of Mangla wetland was also conducted. Bird census was carried out in the months of January and February for both years (2010 and…

A New Species of the Genus Otacilia Thorell, 1897 (Araneae: Phrurolithidae) from Southern China

Keke Liu, Yuanhao Ying, Yuxin Xiao, Jing Yan, Mengzhen Zhang, Yonghong Xiao

A new species, Otacilia dadongshanica Liu, sp. nov. (♂♀) is firstly described from Jiangxi Province, China. The new species is diagnosed and illustrated with photographs. A distribution map is also given.

Colour and Distributional Pattern of Callaspidia notata (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1832) (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Aspicerinae) from Pakistan

Ammara Gull-e-Fareen, Imran Bodlah, Muhammad Adnan Bodlah, Muhammad Tariq Rasheed, Habib Ali, Muhammad Asif

Callaspidia is a Holarctic genus; some species of Callaspidia attack the larvae of order Diptera and Coleoptera. Callaspidia notata (Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1832) (Hymenoptera: Figitidae: Aspicerinae) is reported with colour variations like scape, pedicel and ba…

Optimizing Transplanting Dates for the Management of Brinjal Shoot and Fruit Borer and Better Crop Yield under Field Conditions

Wali Muhammad, Humayun Javed, Munir Ahmad, Tariq Mukhtar

Brinjal shoot and fruit borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee) causes severe crop yield losses. Utilization of the ecological approach through different sowing times might provide its long-term control and safety to the environment. In the present study, effect o…

Protective Effect of Caffeic Acid on Streptozotocin Induced Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Rats: Possible Mechanism

Ying Liu, Shankun Liu, Hui Wang, Weihua Su

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is an atypical condition of pregnancy outcome that affect the maternity and infant. Pregnant women are a high risk to develop the GDM suffering from the diabetes, it showed the effect on the development and growth of the fet…

Virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) Strains against the Eggs and Larvae of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae)

Laura Alejandra Arriola-Mosqueda, Yadira Jiménez-Lara, Eugenia del Carmen Prieto-Avella, Carlos Ricardo Cruz-Vazquez, Roberto Montesinos-Matias, Mauricio Valencia-Posadas et al.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae on the eggs and larvae of Rhipicephalus sanguineus, as well as the LC50 on R. sanguineus larvae, were determined and the germination (at 18 and 24 h post-inoculation) and radial g…

Morphometric and Phylogenetic Analysis of Short-Nosed Fruit Bat Cynopterus sphinx (Vahl, 1797) Captured from Fata Regions, Pakistan

Iftikhar Hussain, Sardar Azhar Mehmood, Muzafar Shah, Mohammad Salim, Shabir Ahmed, Sana Ullah et al.

During the present survey, extending from the May 2015 to November 2016 the short-nosed fruit bat Cynopterus sphinx (n = 4) was captured from Frontier Region Kohat and Shublan, Kurram Agency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The morphometry and cranial characteristics of…

Identification of Genetic Lineage of Peshawar and Nowshera Tribes through Dental Morphology

Muhammad Zubair, Habib Ahmad, Brian E. Hemphill, Muhammad Tariq, Muzafar Shah

Analyzing the diversity of non metric phenotypic traits of the mature teeth, in three ethnic groups’ viz. Daudzai, Khalil and Mohmand of Peshawar districts, of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province (KP) of Pakistan. Dental casts obtained from both mandible and…

Genetic Diversity of Schizothorax, Tor, and Mystus spp. in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: Species of Economic Importance

Muhammad Qayash Khan, Muhammad Zubair Anjum, Muhammad Adnan, Abbas Khan, Hafsa Zahid, Javed Nawab et al.

Among closely related fish species the taxonomic ambiguities arose as a result of morphological similarities which not only conceal the genetic diversity but also pose problems in fisheries management and conservation practices. The purpose of the present stud…

Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Mycobacterium bovis Isolated from Egyptian Buffaloes’ Mastitic Milk

Eman Khalifa, Riad Khalil, Haitham Elaadli

From the world’s highlight on dangers of tuberculosis as a zoonotic and debilitating disease threatening animal and human health beside economy, this research aimed to determine the prevalence of Mycobacterium bovis from buffaloes’ mastitic milk by…

Expression and Polymorphism Analysis of CFL2 Gene in Chinese Dabieshan Cattle

Shuanping Zhao, Lei Xu, Hai Jin, Yutang Jia

Cofilin 2 (CFL2) is essential for skeletal muscle development and maintenance through regulating the length of actin filaments. In this study, we aimed to identify common variations in CFL2 gene and investigate their effects on growth traits in Chinese Dabiesh…

Effects of Corn Distillers Dried Grain with Solubles on Growth Performance and Economic Benefit of Meat Ducks

Xiaopeng Tang, Lei Chen, Kangning Xiong, Dun Deng, Peng Peng

This study aims to investigate the effects of different levels of corn distillers dried grain with solubles (DDGS) on the growth performance of meat ducks. To this end, a total of 450 Shuanggui-tou meat ducks with comparable body weights were treated with incr…

Avian Community Composition and Spatio-Temporal Patterns at Deva Vatala National Park, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan

Muhammad Umar, Mubashar Hussain, Muhammad Faheem Malik, Muhammad Naeem Awan, David C. Lee

An assessment of the avifauna of Deva Vatala National Park (DVNP), Bhimber, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan was conducted from June 2017 to May 2018. Data were collected along one km line transects at three sites within the National Park: Barmala, Deva and Va…

Isolation, Cultivation and Identification of Spermatogonial Stem Cells from Juvenile Buffalo Testes

Huan Yang, Tingting Li, Huimin Zhao, Xiaoyuan Zhang, Huiyan Xu, Yangqing Lu et al.

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs), a class of primitive germ cells located on the basement of the seminiferous tubules of the testes, are the only kind of adult stem cells that can pass their genetic material to offspring and are also capable of proliferation a…

Interferon-stimulated Gene 15 and Interferon-1 Stimulated Gene 17 Messenger RNA-based Detection of Early Pregnancy in Aardi Goats in Saudi Arabia

Kamal Al-Samawi, Mohamed Al-Hassan, Hussein Migdadi, Megahed Ammar, Salem Alghamdi

The accuracy of interferon-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15) and interferon-stimulated gene 17 (ISG17) mRNA levels in early detection of pregnancy in Aardi goats compared to progesterone and ultrasound (US) were evaluated. Female goats were synchronized using the ovs…

Effects of Cypermethrin on the Hematological Parameters, Biochemical Components of Blood and Histopathological Changes in Different Organs of Chirruh Snow Trout (Schizothorax esocinus)

Naveed Akhtar, Muhammad Fiaz Khan, Sadia Tabassum, Munawar Saleem Ahmad, Khan Dil Badshah

The current study describes effect of different concentrations of cypermethrin on hematological parameters, biochemical components of blood, histopathological changes in different organs and DNA damage in Chirruh snow trout Schizothorax esocinus. WBCs, RBCs, h…

Comparison of Nutritive Values and in vitro Degradability of Steam Treated Rice Straw with Chinese Wild Rye and Alfalfa

Muhammad Naeem, Nasir Rajput, Sher Ali, Asmatullah Kaka, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro, Mehvish Rajput et al.

The study was conducted to compare the chemical composition and in vitro degradability of steam treated rice straw, alfalfa hay (AH) and Chinese wild rye (CWR).The rice strawswere treated with steam pressure, i.e. TRS-I (exposed to 15.5 kgf/cm2 steam pressure…

Population Ecology of Chakor Partridge (Alectoris chukar) in District Bajaur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Rahmat Ullah Khan, Asif Sadam, Sajid Mahmood

The population density and ecological factors affecting chakor partridge (Alectoris chukar) were studied in district Bajaur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during May, 2017-April, 2018. Known habitats were divided into three categories: 1) vertical barren rocks 2) rocky v…

Genotype Detection and Sero-prevalence of Bovine Leukemia Virus along with Associated Risk Factors in Exotic and Local Breeds of Cattle in and Around Lahore, Punjab

Rao Muhammad Ramiz, Arfan Ahmad, Aamir Ghafoor, Muhammad Avais, Qurat-ul-Ain, Muhammad Zahid Iqbal

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the cause of enzootic bovine leukosis and has worldwide distribution. This is study reports presence and genetic diversity of BLV in cattle of two districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Blood samples (n=400) taken from local (n=200) and…

Prevalence of Torque Teno Virus in Blood Donors and its Implication on Blood Safety in Pakistan

Nosheen Basharat, Usman Waheed, Muhammad Arshad, Noor e Saba, Iram Masood, Akhlaaq Wazeer et al.

Donor screening and testing are two mainstays in blood processing centres. Torque teno virus (TTV) is highly prevalent among the general population throughout the world. TTV was discovered in 1997 in the serum of a Japanese patient. TTV is a non-enveloped smal…

Sequence Diversity of Interferon Beta-1 Gene in Dromedary Camel Breeds of Pakistan

Tanveer Hussain, Masroor Ellahi Babar, Akhtar Ali, Fiaz Hussain

With the imminent danger of global climate change threatening the Earth’s biodiversity, the camel proved to be a unique animal with physiological features. These attributes of the camel instigate us to explore its genetic architecture. Pakistan boasts a…

RETRACTED: Preliminary Assessment of a Coupled Dynamic-Energy Budget and Agent-based Model (DEB-ABM) for Predicting Individual and Population-Level Dynamics: A Case Study on Anchovy, Engraulis japonicus

Baochao Liao, Xiujuan Shan, Yunlong Chen

Dynamic energy budget (DEB; also known as Kooijman–Metz DEB) theory is a well-tested framework for modelling energy acquisition, and for describing vital rates at which organisms acquire and use energy, such as for growth and reproduction. The coupling o…

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Production of Single Cell Microbial Protein and its Use as Protein Source in Broiler Ration

Faheem Ahmed Khan, Sarzamin Khan, Qurat-ul-Ain, Saqib Ishaq, Muhammad Salman, Abdul Rehman et al.

Malnutrition is a rising issue in most of the developing countries. To overcome this problem, it is necessary to explore alternate methods for production of non-conventional proteins utilizing the available cheap sources. The indigenous Saccharomyces cerevisia…

Diversity of Extended Spectrum β-lactamases among Multi Drug Resistant Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Collected fromTertiary Care Hospitals of Peshawar, Pakistan

Amjad Ali, Kafeel Ahmad, Shaista Rahat

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen and the leading cause of nosocomial infection worldwide. This bacterium produces enzymes known as extended spectrum β-lactamases which render broad spectrum cephalosporins and penicillins inactive. This…

Polymorphism in the Exon 11 of Bovine Luteinizing Hormone Receptor Gene and its Association with Service per Conception in Pasundan Cows

Syahruddin Said, Widya Pintaka Bayu Putra, Dani Nur Arifin

Bovine luteinizing hormone receptor (bLHR) gene in mammals is important for several reproduction function such as steroidogenesis, follicular growth, oocytes maturation, ovulation and corpus luteum formation. The aim of this study was to identify the polymorph…

Influence of Exogenous AHLs and Quorum Quenching AiiA Protein on the Production of Cellulase Enzyme in Marine Snow Associated Bacterium, Citrobacter freundii B1

Abdul Nabi Jatt

Quorum-sensing (QS) is a system by which microorganisms can monitor their own population density via small signalling molecules to communicate with each other. The sinking of marine snow aggregates is as an essential process for moving organic carbon source fr…

Evaluation of Peginterferon alfa-2a Response Rate in HBe-Negative Chronic Hepatitis B: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Jia Shi

Selecting the best medications for ALT and HBV-DNA control in HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis patients is necessary as they are vulnerable to developing cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The present study was aimed to evaluate the response rate of treat…

Effects of Pinus koraiensis Bark Substrate on the Behavioural Responses of Captive Giant Pandas

Ming-Yue Zhang, Bo Yuan, Xiao-Hui Zhang, James Ayalaand Rong Hou

Environmental enrichment plays a very important role in improving the behavioral selectivity, health and welfare of captive giant pandas. The increase in specific behaviors and the reduction of abnormal behaviors are considered to be important indicators of th…