Muhammad Sohail1,*, Muhammad Naeem Khan1, Naureen Aziz Qureshi2 and Abdul Shakoor Chaudhry3
Yasemin Bircan Yildirim* and Hediye Tugce Vurmay
...bial flora isolated from gills and intestine tissues of commercially important finfish species: saddled seabream (Oblada melanura), gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata), Bogue (Boops boops), horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus), red mullet (Mullus barbatus), brushtooth lizardfish (Saurida undosquamis), grey mullet (Mugil cephalus), threadfin bream, (Nemipterus randalli), which were caught from the Isken...
Hazrat Ali1,*, Wajid Ali1, Karim Ullah1, Fazle Akbar1, Sher Ahrar1, Irfan Ullah1, Irum Ahmad1, Ashfaq Ahmad1, Ikram Ilahi2 and Muhammad Anwar Sajad3
... muscles > liver > gills > skin while for Zn the order was skin > kidneys > liver > gills > muscles.
...
Zeenat Bano1,*, Sajid Abdullah1, Waqas Ahmad2, Muhammad Anjum Zia3 and Wardah Hassan1
...e (POD) in vital organs (gills, liver and kidney) of fish, Cirrhina mrigala. The 3 different representative water samples and 60 fish samples (20 fish from each site) were collected from three sites i.e. fish-farm, hatchery and Indus River of Punjab, Pakistan. The results showed differences in physico-chemical parameters of water samples collected from all the sites. The concentrations of Zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) were higher in rive...
Gamalat Osman1, Mansour Galal1, Abbas Abul-Ezz2, Ahmad Mohammed1, Mohammed Abul-Ela3 and Asmaa Mostafa Hegazy2
...ical observations of the gills and mantle of L. carinatus showed pronounced alterations at 24 hours and proliferated at the day 15 but showed a further decline at the day 30 of exposure. These findings seem to be time related and were classified as reversible and irreversible changes. Accordingly, it can be concluded that L. carinatusis a typical bioindicator for crude oil pollution....
Nazish Shaukat1, Muhammad Javed1,Faiza Ambreen2* and Fariha Latif1
...tioxidant enzyme) in the gills and liver of Labeo rohita. Experiment was conducted in the laboratory by exposing four groups of Labeo rohita to different doses of PbCl2 viz. 96-h, 2/3rd, 1/4th and 1/5th of LC50, separately, for 30 days and compared with control group. After 30 days, fish was sacrificed and their gills and liver isolated to determine ...
Huma Naz1,*, Sajid Abdullah2, Sidra Naz3, Sidra Abbas2, Wardah Hassan2, Shakeela Perveen2, Moazama Batool1, Laiba Shafique2
...tivity in liver, kidney, gills, brain and muscle of the fish were also studied. The mean 96 h LC50 and lethal value for C. mrigala was determined as 47.56±0.04 and 93.89±0.07 mgL-1, respectively. The selected concentration of Fe+Ni+Pb+Zn concentrations showed strong and direct relationship with, fin movement followed by mucous secretion, hyperactivity and swimming rate for C. mrigala with R2 value of...
Md. Abu Affan1,*, Abdulmohsin Al-Sofyani1, Adnan Jaman Turki2 and Mohammed S.B. Hariri3
...stmortem, especially the gills and gut content of dead fishes were studied. The dead Tilapia tilapia (Tilapia), Chanos chano (Milkfish) and Parapriacanthus ransonneti (Glassfish) were found with wide mouth opened, skin with huge mucous and a bent back head, flared gills lesion and reddish sanguinary. The water temperature (°C), DO, salinity and pH varied from 24.8 to 26.2 (°C), 0.10 to 0.35 mg/L,...
Wajid Ali1,*, Asma Karim1, Muhammad Irfan2, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir3*, Ghulam Mustafa4, Zeeshan Shafique1, Ijaz Anwar1
...l and total protein) and gills for histology were taken after 96 hrs. After acute exposure to pesticide, significant changes were observed in serum biochemistry and histology. Serum glucose and cholesterol were increased while total protein was decreased. Histopathological result reveled that gills of experimental fish was damage severely resulting Necrosis, Damaged nuclei , rupturing of epithelial cells, Mucous cells and se...
Sana Rana1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2* and Khalid Abbas1
...talase (CAT) activity in gills of carnivorous fish Channa striata was observed. Fish were exposed to sub-lethal concentration (1/3rd of LC50) of DM+END mixture for 14-day. CAT was partially purified by using ammonium sulphate precipitation technique and kinetic characterization was also performed against different pH and temperature. CAT activity was measured spectrophotometrically at A240 nm. Results showed that highest CAT activity was noted from the crude e...
Zafar Iqbal*, Hafiza Madhia Imtiaz
Parasites of double tail goldfish, Carassius auratus L. imported to Pakistan
... on the fish.
The gills showed 100% infection by Dactylogyrus sp. and mean intensity was 35.4. Fins of the fish also
showed high infection (68%) and mean intensity (13.82) by Gyrodactylus sp. Argulus foliaceus infection
on skin and fins was 40% and its mean intensity was found 4.2. Metacercariae of an un-identified
digenean were also found encysted on gill filaments (infection 32%, mean intensity 3.87). Ichthyophthirius
multi...
The gills showed 100% infection by Dactylogyrus sp. and mean intensity was 35.4. Fins of the fish also
showed high infection (68%) and mean intensity (13.82) by Gyrodactylus sp. Argulus foliaceus infection
on skin and fins was 40% and its mean intensity was found 4.2. Metacercariae of an un-identified
digenean were also found encysted on gill filaments (infection 32%, mean intensity 3.87). Ichthyophthirius
multi...
Khurram Shahzad1*, Muhammad Naeem Khan1, Farhat Jabeen2, Nasreen Kosour3, Muhammad Sohail1, Muhammad Khalil Ahmad Khan1, Munir Ahmad1
Bioaccumulation of manufactured titanium dioxide
...tered and
organs (gills, liver and muscles) were freeze dried. Freeze dried tissue samples
were digested with the help of nitric acid (HNO3) and perchloric acid (HClO4). Acid
digested samples were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass
Spectrophotometry (ICP-MS) foraccumulation of Ti, Cu and Zn nanoparticles in
various tissues (gills, liver and muscles). Ti and Cu accumulation in
organs (gills, liver and muscles) were freeze dried. Freeze dried tissue samples
were digested with the help of nitric acid (HNO3) and perchloric acid (HClO4). Acid
digested samples were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass
Spectrophotometry (ICP-MS) foraccumulation of Ti, Cu and Zn nanoparticles in
various tissues (gills, liver and muscles). Ti and Cu accumulation in
Gangchun Xu1,2, Fukuan Du2, Yuyu Wang2, Yan Li2, Zhijuan Nie2 and Pao Xu1,2,*
...trongly expressed in the gills and liver while PTGES2b was strongly expressed in the gills and testis. Expression of both PTGES2a and PTGES2b decreased from stage III to stage V and PTGES2a was significantly more highly expressed than PTGES2b. In the spawning process, the expression of PTGES2a did not significantly change, remaining at a low level. In contrast, PTGES2b express...
Fariha Latif* and Muhammad Javed
...catalase activity in the gills, liver, kidney, muscles and brain. Among the fish species, C. mrigala accumulated significantly higher concentration of all metals as compared to L. rohita and C. catla. Bioaccumulation of all metals among the organs followed the order: liver>gills>kidney>brain>muscles, however, metals followed the trend for their accumulation: Cd>Cr>Cu>Pb. Antioxidant ...
Huma Naz1,*, Sajid Abdullah2, Khalid Abbas2, Wardah Hassan3, Moazama Batool4, Shakeela Perveen5, Sadia Maalik4 and Sajida Mushtaq4
...different organs (liver, gills, kidney, brain, heart and muscle) of fish, Labeo rohita. The LC50 of chlorpyrifos+endosulfan mixture was calculated as 1.95±0.02 μgL-1 for 96 h with the 95% confidence limits. The fish expose to the mixture (1:1) for 96-h. The results obtained from this study showed that superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase activities in the liver, gills
Iqra Jaffar, Zainab Sehzadi, Muhammad Adeel, Khalid P. Lone and Mehwish Faheem*
...tive stress in liver and gills by analyzing activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and by measuring lipid peroxidation (LPO). Catalase activity increased significantly in liver and gills of fish exposed to 10μg/l of DBP. Level of GSH and LPO increased significantly in gills while a non-significant decrease was recorded for GSH and GST in liver. Th...
Maliha Ayub1, Muhammad Javed1, Fariha Latif 1*, Faiza Ambreen2, Komal Sabir1
... the fish liver, kidney, gills and brain and then compared with control group. The results showed that the antioxidant activity increased significantly in all organs of metal stressed fish as compared to the control fish. Among all test concentrations, the activity of antioxidant enzyme (peroxidase) was significantly higher in the fish liver under 96-hr LC50 manganese exposed fish as evident from its mean value as 0.685±0.005UmL-1,...
Nosheen1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2* and Khalid Abbas1
...y in tissues viz. liver, gills, kidney, muscle, heart and brain of fish Catla catla exposed for 4-day. After each sampling (24-hr interval) fish were dissected and required organs were obtained. Results showed that the POD activity was augmented in all selected organs of Pb+2 exposed fish in relation to control. The POD activity in organs of fish followed the order: brain>liver>gills>kidney>heart>muscle. Regre...
Fariha Latif1*, Muhammad Javed2, Hammad Ahmad Khan2 and Khalil-Ur-Rehman3
...ss in the liver, kidney, gills, muscles and brain of Cirrhina mrigala. The 120-days old fish were exposed to 1/4th (11.81mgL-1) and 2/3rd (31.49mgL-1) of 96-h LC50 of water-borne Pb for three fortnights (42 days) in glass aquaria at pH 7.5, temperature 30°C and total hardness 250mgL-1. After each fortnight, fish were sampled from each treatment and different organs such as liver, kidn...
Hazrat Ali1,2,*, Ezzat Khan1,* and Muhammad Jamal Nasir3
...er tissues such as skin, gills, liver and kidneys of two fish species i.e., Clupisoma naziri and Mastacembelus armatus. Cr concentrations in fish muscles ranged from 30.5±41.9 to 70.8±12.1 mg kg−1 wet weight, Ni from 16.7±10.2 to 103.5±114.1 mg kg−1 wet weight, Cd from 1.1±0.18 to 2.5±0.21 mg kg−1 wet weight and Pb from 29.7±18.3 to 97.7&plu...
Mustafa Koyun1*and Şenol Çelik2
...> in each lamella of the gills and the distribution of D. spathaceum in the right and left eye lenses were evaluated. Two different algorithms (MARS and CHAID) were examined to evaluate the total fish weight, fish size, sex, season, station and recorded ectoparasites variables in host fish. In the study, MARS algorithm was formed to evaluate the effects of M. heteranchorus, U. pictorum recorded in the gills<...
Qaisra Siddique1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2*, Khalid Abbas1, Laiba Shafique3
...) in tissues viz. brain, gills, kidney, heart, muscle and liver of Labeo rohita kept under sub-lethal dose (4.13 µgL-1) of chlorpyrifos. Fish was kept under chlorpyrifos stress for two months and samples were collected on weekly basis. It was noted that GST level varied significantly with duration. The GST level was raised in first 28 days after that it was dropped off up to 56-day. The trend of GST in fish tissues was observed as muscl...
Saeed Fatima1, Khalid Javed Iqbal1, Usman Atique2,3*, Arshad Javid4, Noor Khan2, Sonia Iqbal2, Hamid Majeed5, Hamda Azmat2, Bakhat Yawar Ali Khan6, Irfan7, Muhammad Tausif Shahid1, Gulnaz Afzal1
...mulation was detected in gills rather than the muscle tissues that evidently indicated gradual water quality degradation conceiving higher metal concentrations in the environment. Similarly, a higher concentration of Cd was observed in water (0.78 ppm) and sediment (0.64 ppm) samples. In acquiescence to the above-given outcomes, the metal concentration hierarchical arrangement in sediment and water was identical to the witnessed in fish species (Cd > As >...
Min Lv1, Hui Gan2, Zhide Ruan1, Huizan Yang1, Rui Wang1, Laiba Shafique3, Huma Naz4 and Huawei Ma1,*
...and Hg concentrations in gills, large intestines, small intestines, intestine contents, longitudinal muscles, and body wall, and in suspended particles and sediment in the ponds. The effect of fish growth on metal concentrations was determined. Simultaneously, the correlations between heavy metal concentrations in suspended particles, ...
Tehreem Usman1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2*, Khalid Abbas1, Laiba Shafique3 and Qaisra Siddique1
... neural, renal, cardiac, gills and muscle tissues were studied for the determination of CAT activity and TPC after exposure of 24 and 96 h. Results showed that both treatments caused a significant (P<0.01) decline in CAT activity and TPC of C. idella as compared to control group. CAT activity and TPC decreased with the passage of time. Among both treatments, ES+CPF caused greater decline in CAT activity and TPC. It was concluded that insecticides in ...
Saira Saleemi1*, Zafar Iqbal1, Abdul Nasir Khalid2
...al signs such as: eroded gills, damaged fins and lesions all over the body. The fish specimens showed mild to severe infection. The infection caused by fungus was confirmed by isolating the pathogenic fungus from affected skin, gills, fins, heart, liver, kidney and intestine of fish and culturing it on four different culture media; Malt extract agar (MEA), Corn meal agar (CMA), Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) and Potato dextro...
Zarish Yaqoob1, Saleema Bashir Shams2, Gaitee Joshua2 and Bibi Nazia Murtaza2,3*
... metals was found in the gills of fish followed by liver, kidneys, muscle and fat cells. Overall, seventeen fish species were recorded in the study areas indicating a decrease in the number of species in Ravi. The results have shown that the water of Ravi is unsafe for aquatic life and irrigation. Metal concentration in the fish meat is higher than the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) parameters indicating a serious health threat to both, the fish and human...
Naveed Akhtar1*, Muhammad Fiaz Khan1*, Sadia Tabassum1,
Munawar Saleem Ahmad2 and Khan Dil Badshah3
...esion and alterations in gills, liver, brain, kidney, intestine and muscles related with oxidative stress damage was observed. Genotoxicity increased with increase in time and concentration of cypermethrin. Cypermethrin is therefore extremly harmful to aquatic life.
...
Hazrat Ali1, 2* and Ezzat Khan1*
...p;skin > muscles > gills. Bioaccumulation factor (BAF) values of the metals in muscles of M. armatus were in the order: Cr > Pb > Ni > Cd. BAF values show that these metals are accumulated in the fish tissues and may pose a potential health risk to regular consumers.
...
Syed Muhammad Aun Naqvi1, Sara Tahir1, Tanveer Ahmed2*, Huma Naz3, Amara Gilani4, Atif Liaqat5
...age) was measured in the gills of the weight group W3 as compared to W1 and W2. Generally, total carbohydrates are determined by the difference of the entire proximate body composition indices, and in this study, it was found that the liver contains maximum carbohydrates (percentage) relative to other sections of the body examined. Weight group W3 was found to have higher nutrients significantly (p<0.05) as compared to W1 and W2. Further, it is found that a...
Safia Bibi1, Saima Naz1*, Saba Saeed1, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha2
...thological variations in gills, liver, kidney and skin of different fishes were noticed when exposed to heavy metals, thus indicating severity of heavy metal toxicity. The current study was focused on the toxicological effect of Cr, Hg, Ni and Cd in different type of fishes and it would be useful for the scientific community to restore different metals contaminating water.
Novelty Statement | Hi...
Moazama Batool1*, Sajid Abdullah2, Huma Naz3, Mubashar Hussain4, Sadia Maalik1, Sajida Mushtaq1, Tanveer Ahmed5 and Laiba Shafique6
...ed as kidney>liver>gills>skin>fins>bones>muscle.
Md. Abdullah Al Mamun1,2*, Shamima Nasren1,3, Sanjay Singh Rathore1 and Kavalagiriyanahalli Srinivasiah Ramesh1
...ction, fin erosion, pale gills, and slight hemorrhage were observed in the affected area of skin and operculum. Among the internal organs, liver lost its original reddish-brown and turned to yellowish-brown, intestinal duct remained empty and swelled. Severe infestation in catla caused eye opacity and tail rot indicated the devastating effects of A. japonicus. Infestation by this parasite resulted in histopathological changes in the skin and muscle, gill, live...
Aliya Munir1, Sajid Abdullah1*, Huma Naz2*, Khalid Abbas1, Tanveer Ahmed3 and Zahid Farooq2
...se (POx) level in kiney, gills and liver of fish Channa striata exposed to LC50 concentration (1.374µgL-1) of deltamethrin+endosulfan (DM+ES) mixture for 4-day. Sampling was performed after a 24-hr period. Fish were sacrificed and organs were collected to calculate the POx activity. It was observed that the exposure of DM+ES significantly accelerated the POx level in gills, liver and kidney of fish in a time dependent ...
Muhammad Shahbaz1,2, Sajid Abdullah1*, Huma Naz3*, Khalid Abbas1, Tanveer Ahmed4, Sana Mehmood1, Muhammad Adeel Hussan5
...s viz. liver, muscle and gills were obtained to analyze the CAT activity. The CAT level was reduced in all treatments when compared control. CAT activity was observed higher in the gills, muscle and liver tissues of T1 diet fed C. idella as 14.68±0.90, 12.76±0.87 and 20.34±0.99 UmL-1, respectively. Comparison among diets for CAT activity showed the trend as T4<T3<T2<T1. The maximum CAT level was...
Lin Ye, Jie-Lan Jiang*, Jia Xu, Rui-Ting Liu, Yin-Qiu Tian, Qing-Qing Zang, Jia-Yi Cao and Ming-Guang Mao*
...ver, and up-regulated in gills under low-salinity stress in 3h to 6h, which indicates that TrCLCN5 may play an important role in the responses to acute low-salinity stress and would be useful in further understanding low-salinity adaption in T. rubripes....
Muhammad Amin1*, Masarrat Yousuf1 and Naveed Ahmad2
... estimated in the brain, gills and muscle tissues. Significant (p< 0.005- 0.00) decreased in total protein was noted in response to all the pesticides as compared to control group and a slight increase was also noted during 48 h as compared to 24 h. The level of total protein was decreased for pesticides in order of chlorpyrifos>malathion> lambda-cyhalothrin during the exposure period....
Qaisra Siddique1*, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2, Khalid Abbas1, Laiba Shafique1 and Qingyou Liu3
...ents in various tissues (gills, hepatic, renal, brain, muscle and cardiac) of Labeo rohita was determined. Fish was exposed for 60-day and sampling was done after 7-day. Results showed that the GST activity was considerably increased in L. rohita as compared to control. The GST activity was enhanced in various tissues (hepatic, brain, cardiac, gills, renal and muscle) of CPF treated fish as compared to control group. Compari...
Samah Samir, Amal Awad*, Gamal Younis
...les from liver, kidneys, gills, skin and spleen were examined bacteriologically for the presence of E. tarda; and confirmed by PCR targeting gyrB1 gene. Disk diffusion was used to test their antimicrobial susceptibility, and PCR was used to screen E. tarda isolates for the presence of four virulence-related genes (cds1, edwI, qseC, pvsA). In addition, the ability of E.tarda to form biofilm was tested by tube test. E.tarda was detected in 15 fish (6%) and a tot...
Reem R. Tahon, Nora A. Shaker*
...d biramous pleopods. The gills consisted of paired, triangular masses, and occupied the branchial chamber on each side of the cephalothorax. The female reproductive system consisted of bilateral ovaries, oviducts, seminal receptacles, in addition to single vagina and gonopore, while the male reproductive system consisted of a pair of testes, vas deferens, and gonopods. The stomach was a complex structure whose walls bore calcareous ossicles. It was divided int...
Jing Hu1,2,3 and Zhenhua Ma1,2,3*
...ate the tissue damage of gills and head kidneys and the changes of serum indicators of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀) in 96 h. The results showed that the survival rate of each group was 100%, and no abnormal behavior was observed in juvenile fish. The damage performance in gill generally deepened over time. Lamellar fusion and curling of secondary lamellae also deepened from C group to T3 group. The proporti...
Yanis Cruz-Quintana1*, Ana María Santana-Piñeros1, Byron Manuel Reyes-Mero1, Leonela Griselda Muñoz-Chumo1 and Lenin Cáceres-Farías1,2
...the surface of the skin, gills and fins for the detection of trichodinid parasites. Gill fragments of parasitized fish were fixed in 10% buffered formalin and processed by the paraffin inclusion technique, to evaluate the damages associated with parasites. Trichodina heterodentata was detected in specimens of P. brachypomus from the farm located in El Coca, with prevalence of 100%, and mean intensity of 0.21 ± 4.7 parasites per host. Histo...
Moazama Batool1*, Syeda Ansa Fatima1, Saima Naz2*, Qurat Ul Ain1, Sheeza Bano1, Ghulam Abbas3 and Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha4
...ed from grey to pale and gills from bright to light red color as bifenthrin concentration increased. Blood parameters such as red blood cell counts (RBCs), White blood cell counts (WBCs), Hematocrit (Hct), Hemoglobin (Hb), Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) were measured at sub lethal exposure of bifenthrin after 15 and 30 days. The findings revealed that RBCs, Hb, Hct, PCV and MCHC were decreased significantly ...
Kremlin Mark B. Ampode1,2,3*, Ramanathan Solaiyappan1, Baskaralingam Vaseeharan1
...enzyme activities in the gills showed significant enhancement (P=0.008), whereas no significant change was detected in the liver (P=0.088). Catalase (CAT) enzyme activities significantly increased in the gills and liver (P=0.001). Additionally, glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity was significantly elevated in both the gills and liver (P=0.006). Neurotoxicity assessment through acetylc...
Zhulmaydin C. Fachrussyah1*, Indra G. Ahmad2, Iin S. Lantu3, Arafik Lamadi2, Wila R. Nento3
... discovered in mucus and gills. The Vorticella parasite was found on the gills, while Lernea was discovered on the skin. In this study, the prevalence and intensity of ectoparasites were 15% and 0.35 for Gyrodactylus sp; 10% and 0.26 for Dactylogyrus sp, while Lernea sp and Vorticella sp were 7.5% and 0.18, respectively. The most common infection was Gyrodactylus sp., which was classified as a “frequent infection.&rdqu...
Habeeb M. Alsudani1*, Sura K. Abduljabbar1, Firas A. Alhasson2
...r appeared inactive. The gills are the major site of external environment adaptation. Although the gills are very important in fish respiration, the literature on the histological aspects of gills is limited to a few types of fish. In this study, two types of fish (Oscar fish and goldfish) were used; the Oscar fish and goldfish. The investigated morphological and histological studies were ...
