Farhad Zulfiqar, Muhammad Ashfaq
...rgets and in longer term planning. A study was conducted during 2009-10 with an objective to estimate the wheat yield response function in two agro-ecological zones in Punjab. The method of ordinary least square was used. Time series data for different explanatory variable (eco- nomic, location and climatic) from 1979-2009 relating to wheat were used for Faisalabad and Ba- hawalpur. The results of analysis showed that the effect of climatic variables was found...
Vinayagamurthy Balamurugan*, Gurrappa Naidu Govindaraj and Habibur Rahman
...st importantly effective planning and implementation of the vaccination programme. Sharing the experiences on the PPR control strategies adopted by some of the states in India may motivate other Indian states or other countries of similar socio-economic and small ruminant rearing pattern to vaccinate and control PPR....
Francisco J. Ayala
...t require a Creator or a planning agent external to the organisms themselves. There is no scientific evidence of any vital force or immanent energy directing the evolutionary process toward the production of specified kinds of organisms. Even if a scientific account of natural history is open to the God question, it will take a theologian to propose an answer.
... 
Muhammad Mohsin Raza*, Muhammad Aslam Khan*, Irfan Ahmad**, Ali Ahsan Bajwa***, Hafiz Muhammad Usman Aslam*, Badar Ahsan Ullah****, and Kashif Riaz*
FOREST PATHOGENS AND DISEASES UNDER CHANGING CLIMATE -A REVIEW
...prediction, risk rating, planning, genetic diversity and facilitated migration, genetic protection and breeding for disease resistance and relating results to forest policy, planning as well as decision making, the suspicions innate to climate change effects can be minimized....
Hina Zubair1, Saima Perveen2, Saeed Alam3, Akkad Rafiq4* and Sara Ejaz
...tion of different family planning methods in relation with socio-demographic factors at divisional headquarter hospital in a year time. A retrospective study was performed by analyzing one year records from family planning clinic at divisional headquarter hospital. At family planning centers, a total of 920 individuals attended the Reproductive Health Services from April 2015 to March 2016...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khuram Sharjeel1, Raheel Babar2, Muhammad Junaid1, Qamar Iqbal3, Rabia Rasheed1 and Nosheen Fatima1
...nd top-down dimension of planning of implementation of extension approaches were main weaknesses. The steps like effective evaluation of extension system, use of democratic nature extension approaches, and training facilities to EFS could improve working efficiency of Extension Field Staff and extension approaches thereby. ...
Muhammad Suleman Bacha1*, Mohammad Nafees1 and Syed Adnan2
...sening situation, future planning is vital to keep the natural resources intact while minimizing the risks in the years ahead. ...
Waqas Ali1,*, Arshad Javid1, Syed Mohsin Bhukhari1, Ali Hussain1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2, Hira Rafique1
...r effective conservation planning and management. Different sampling techniques are applied during herpetofaunal surveys and some of them might be expensive, time intensive and their effectiveness in different regions of the world are still debatable. Moreover, data recorded from inappropriate designed surveys are not suitable for statistical analysis and provide inappropriate picture regarding distribution, abundance and status of target species. Current revi...
Sadaf Noveen1*, Shaista Habib Ullah2, Babar Alam3
... diagnosis and treatment planning among children without any disability or ignored craniofacial deformities. Studies highlighting this relationship are rare to none in Pakistan. Therefore, this study aims to detect the type and extent of relationship between these two factors.
Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 140, which were 4-8 years old children with speech sound disorders, without any disability, a...
Junaid Akhtar1,2, Sidrah Saleem1, Naveed Shahzad3, Abdul Waheed1, Iqra Jameel1, Farhan Rasheed4 and Shah Jahan5,*
...should be considered for planning strategies to treat and prevent the further spread of MBL-producing gram-negative rods infections.
... 
M. Tariq Javed1, Nazir Ahmad2, Gulbeen Saleem3, Haleema Sadia4, Farkhanda Manzoor5 and Ghulam Hussain Dilbar
EFFECT OF AGE AND SEASON ON SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS OF BUFFALO BULL - A REVIEW
...uture research or policy planning. The review is bifurcated in different sections for easy understanding of the facts. The review suggests and effect of age and season on buffalo bull semen characteristics. ...
Salman Anwar1, 2*, Farhan Anwar Khan3 and Atta-ur-Rahman4
...nt attention in land use planning, regulations, improvement of water channels, the introduction of high yielding seeds and farmer awareness. ...
Umar Hayat1*, Tariq Shah1, Muhammad Suleman Bacha2 and Muhammad3
...istan’s economy is planning to achieve agricultural-led growth to promote economic stability in the country. The present study is an attempt to examine and analyse the nexus of various sub-sectors of agriculture and their contribution to agricultural growth in the country. Data on key variables such as agricultural growth, institutional credit, agro-based industries, Livestock and mechanised inputs are taken from State Bank of Pakistan, World Development...
Abdul Waheed1,2, Sidrah Saleem1, Naveed Shahzad3, Junaid Akhtar4, Muhammad Saeed5, Iqra Jameel1, Farhan Rasheed6 and Shah Jahan7,*
...should be considered for planning strategies to treat and prevent the further spread of ESBL-producing gram-negative rods infections.
...
Faheem Aslam1*, Aneel Salman1 and Inayatullah Jan2
...rs to improve production planning decisions. Numerous studies proved that traditional econometric techniques face significant challenges in out of sample predictability tests due to model uncertainty and parameter instability. Recent studies introduce several machine learning algorithms to improve time series prediction accuracy. The purpose of this study is to develop a precise wheat production model using artificial neural networks (ANN). A total of 71 ...
Qaisar Mehmood1*, Maqbool Hussain Sial1, Saira Sharif1, Abid Hussain2, Muhammad Riaz3 and Nargis Shaheen4
...etter production and for planning of fish export. Objective of this research is to propose suitable Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) model for forecasting the production of fisheries, using Box-Jenkins’s (1976) methodology. Secondary data, “50 years of Pakistan: volume-iii (1947-1997)” published by Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) and World Development Indicators World Bank (2016) from the year 1947- 2016 was used. After co...
Muhammad1*, Muhammad Suleman Bacha2 and Syed Akhtar Ali Shah1
...e urban waste management planning. The goal is to reduce the environmental damages, enhance food supply, increase employment opportunities and broke the vicious circle of poverty. This study performs a focalized analysis and investigates the influencing factors of urban farmers’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) for organic fertilizer in District Mardan, Pakistan. The Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) was used and data were randomly collected from 384 heads of th...
Muhammad Ismail1, Shahid Maqsood1*, Abdul Shakoor2, Feroz Shah2
DESIGN AND COST ANALYSIS OF MOLD MAKING FACILTY AT GHANI GLASS INDUSTRY: A CASE STUDY
...nufacturing strategy and planning is a critical decision
for production managers in the industry. The layout problems generally exist in the manufacturing industries. In the
industries the layout problems deals with the facilities like departments, machines etc. As a case study, this paper
presents a machine shop producing molds for local based bottles production industry. The mold making machine
shop capacity is enhanced to fulfill...
for production managers in the industry. The layout problems generally exist in the manufacturing industries. In the
industries the layout problems deals with the facilities like departments, machines etc. As a case study, this paper
presents a machine shop producing molds for local based bottles production industry. The mold making machine
shop capacity is enhanced to fulfill...
Razaullah1*, Iftikhar Hussain1
A TWO-WAREHOUSE SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORK DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION WITH CROSS-ROUTE COSTS AND BUDGET, MAXIMUM FLOW AND CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS
...in order to allow better planning, minimize total cost and improve efficiency. In this paper, a systematic
approach is presented for the facility placement, optimal production planning and product transportation across
network arcs. An optimization formulation is developed for the determination of production size, locations of network
nodes and optimal supply chain. The objective function considered the ...
approach is presented for the facility placement, optimal production planning and product transportation across
network arcs. An optimization formulation is developed for the determination of production size, locations of network
nodes and optimal supply chain. The objective function considered the ...
Mohammad Aslam Khan*, Samiullah* and Zulfiqar Ali*
DYNAMICS OF URBAN SPATIAL GROWTH AND PLANNING: A CASE STUDY OF PESHAWAR
...sp;and in the absence of planning control has seen tremendous urban sprawl. The pattern of development of urban sprawl in Peshawar is typical of most Pakistani major cities, where ribbon sprawl is common along major roads, while leapfrog sprawl is prevalent in the city’s fringes. The uncontrolled expansion in the built up area is typically consuming rich agricultural land and pose a threat to food security. The study highlighting the ...
Hina Imtiaz1*, Salma Khalid2, Kashaf Riaz1, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3 and Zubair Rehman4
...pecial focus in terms of planning and management to save human health and environment. ...
Waqar Majeed1, Naureen Rana1, Elmo Borges de Azevedo Koch2* and Shahla Nargis1
... achieved by coordinated planning and conservation measures among sites.
... 
Imran Ahmad Rana*, Muhammad Ali Yab and Ch. Abdul Rehman
Quality Engineering Tools Implementation a Comparison of Indian and Pakistani Business Organizations
...mation and Communication planning and execution, and quality control practices found statistically significant variables explaining variability of customer satisfaction. The study may help leaders, engineers, professionals working at Indian-Pakistan based organizations to know significant organizational behaviors associated with successful quality engineering management tools implementations as well as how to motivate employees on waste reduction and productiv...
Grace Okongor, Chukwudi Njoku*, Pauline Essoka and Joel Efiong
...nd gives room for better planning by farmers and policy makers....
Chen Tongde1, Fakher Abbas1, Jiao Juying1, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz2*, An Shoshan1, Muhammad Ansar3, Qaiser Hussain2, Mah-Noor Azad2 andAyaz Ahmad2
... north requires rational planning and approval of a large number of construction projects to prevent the intensification of soil erosion and the deterioration of water quality and ecological environment. The research and control on headwater erosion in the gully region should be strengthened to protect farmland and ensure food security. It is recommended that collection of basic data on soil erosion, and study of the mechanism and process of soil erosion at di...
Iftikhar Alam1, Atta Ulllah Jan1, Muhammad Ali2 and Muhammad Farooq3*
... is important for proper planning in nutrition. The objective of the present study was to identify most important nutrition research areas of the highest priority in order to be more focused on decision making issues concerning nutrition research promotion. This study was descriptive in nature and utilized a three-round Delphi technique to identify and make consensus on opinions regarding priority research areas from experts in the field of nutrition. The init...
Arshad Khan1, Mohammad Ihsan1, Mohammad Nisar1, Ali Hazrat1*, Murad Ali3, Rashid Ul-Haq3, Khalid Khan2, Karishma Gul1 and Shah Faisal1
...m the study is useful in planning further crop improvement....
Nusrat Habib
...region-wise policies and planning....
Nazish Huma Khan1*, Mohammad Nafees2, Tooba Saeed3, Khaliq Ur Rahman4 and Adila Bashir2
...here are difficulties in planning solid waste management. In this context, this study aims to determine the organization’s role in record keeping and solid waste management in the Hayatabad Industrial Zone, Peshawar. To this end, a questionnaire survey was carried out among 105 industries and relevant government departments were interviewed. The solid waste generation rate for the operating industries was 125,481 kg/ day. Only 33% of the waste generated ...
Bushra Shaikh, Sadia Muniza Faraz*, Syed Riaz un Nabi Jafri, Syed Usman Ali
...nt localization and path planning techniques. A map matching algorithm based on matrix matching is being proposed in this paper. The localization of robot is determined by the path acquired during the random maneuvering on the grid based maze, whereas, the shortest path to the target position is determined by estimating x and y coordinates. The algorithm interprets the map of the environment, expressed by grid based model and generates an optimal or near optim...
Kemi Funmilayo Omotesho1*, Philip Akintunde Fatodu1 and Toyin Benedict Ajibade2
...mance of farms, national planning, budgeting for commercial agricultural development, and control of postharvest losses. The study analysed the record keeping behavior of youth farmers in Ekiti State. Specifically, it assessed the level of record keeping among farmers; examined their attitude towards record keeping; assessed the farmers’ knowledge of record keeping; determined their intentions towards keeping farm records; and identified the constraints ...
Saima Parveen1, Altaf Mahmood2*, Ayesha Azad3, Sajid Umar4, Nosheen Shoukat6, Mirza Muhammad Arsalan Azam5, Qurat-Ul-Ain5 and Nausheen Akhtar Malik1
...ndamental importance for planning of a comprehensive control strategy. With retrospective design, this study was conducted from January 2013 through December 2017 in order to assess the disease burden on broilers reared in different open type poultry houses. Out of total 658 commercial farms with capacity of 4221800 broilers, across Chakwal, a representative sample of 70 farms with capacity of 448000 broilers was randomly selected for collection and analysis o...
Hyun-Ju Cho1, Eun-Jae Lee2 and Shin-Jae Rhim3*
...d be considered in urban planning for the conservation of biodiversity....
Sajjad Ali1*, Atta ur Rahman1 and Sher Ali2
...be with more significant planning to avoid any inconvenience among agricultural land and infrastructure. Built-up is necessary; however, it is worth mentioning to feed 11.23 million people in the district. The region’s land is the most fertile and productive in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Data were taken from the Agricultural Bureau of Statistics from 1990 to 2020, and the satellite imageries of the region were acquired from the United States Geolog...
Juweria Abid1, Shakeel Ahmad2, Humaira Wasila3, Tooba Asif4, Muhammad Farooq5* and Attaullah Jan6
...health care providers in planning normal and therapeutic diet....
Shakeel Ahmad1*, Humaira Wasila2, Juweria Abid3, Nazir Muhammad4 and Hazrat Usman5
...health care providers in planning a normal and therapeutic diet. Milk products contained phenolic compounds which show antioxidant activity....
Nurcan Karslioglu Kara*
...ion, it can be said that planning the reproductive management practices according to these results will be beneficial for the optimal balance between economic benefit, animal health and milk yield....
Phan Truong Khanh* and Tran Thi Hong Ngoc
... purpose of the study is planning of irrigation scheduling, it requires information of precise quantity of water needed by crop in a certain set of meteorological condition of the region. Moreover, determination of water requirement for crop is a first stage in the design, operation and planning of irrigation schemes to ensure adequate water is available to meet agricultural needs. In this work we use the FAO-Penman-Monteith...
Samiya Rehman*, Eman Mustafa, Ali Ahmad Faiz, Maheen Kanwal, Farkhanda Yasmin and Arooj Fatima
...red for strong long-term planning to prevent from drug addiction....
Abubakar Sadiq Muhammad1,2, Latiffah Hassan1, Saleha Abdul Aziz1, Zunita Zakaria1, Hassan Ismail Musa1, 2*, Maswati Mat Amin3
...tion could be useful for planning control programs tailored toward environmental interventions to reduce contamination in non-endemic areas. ...
Jihan Abd Wahab, Nur Bahiah Mohamed Haris* and Jasmin Arif Shah
...gram Development Skills (planning, implementing, monitoring and evaluating - PIME). Specifically, this research intended to determine the level of PIME skills and their work performance, to evaluate the relationship of PIME skills with the work performance of extension agent and to determine the most PIME skills that contributes to the work performance of the extension agent during MCO in Peninsular Malaysia. This study was driven by the Iceberg Model and dist...
Huda M. Hamid1, Fadia W. Al-Azawi2* and Zaid F. Makki3
...r allocation, irrigation planning, hydropower generation, and management of drought and water scarcity. To analyze the hydrology characteristics of Iraq dams and to conduct this analysis, remote sensing and GIS techniques have been used. The analysis of hydrology characteristics in Iraqi dams is crucial to ensure sustainable water resource management. This research provided a comprehensive overview of the current state of hydrology characteristics in Iraqi dam...
Qurat ul Ain1, Asifa Khan1*, Asia Riaz2 and Nazia Suleman2
...Such studies may help in planning the storage, transportation and release of these useful natural enemies in the IPM programmes. ...
Muhammad Saleem1, Saifullah Khan2* and Mahmood ul Hasan3
...ke effective contingency planning, experienced ways of acquiring the materials, acquire human capital from foreign markets, external factors, the release of funds on time and raw materials. The results of the study will be helpful for general practitioners consult the problems and recognize the factors associated with the project delays. The work will provide a base for the further research to incoming researchers, stakeholders, consultants and advance the ass...
ARIFA ZEREEN & ALMAS JAHAN
...nsibility etc. Effective planning is required for timely detection in order to check and control the spread of new acclimatized exotics....
Viranga Kumudini Jayasundara¹*, Ali Khatibi², Jacqueline Tham²
...viours of dog owners for planning and implementing cost-effective and sustainable SDP population management interventions in a area.
Keywords | Responsible dog ownership, Free-roaming dogs, Veterinary services, Abandonment
... 
Muhammad Yousaf Khan and Pervez Manan
Muhammad Shabir Mughal and Muhammad Muslim
...ay provide guideline for planning afforestation activities and conservation of medicinal plants in the study area....
Tariq Mahmood and Zulfiqar Ali
...mmunity at all levels of planning and implementation. Review of the most of the sociological studies conducted so far in Pakistan under this approach revealed that this approach not only made these projects successful but also helped in prolonging their vitality for the welfare of the population. In this context, it is relevant to note that the use to which the land is put, should be determined by the owners, farmers, institutions and Government as the case ma...
Majid Azizi
... been selected by proper planning in Iran and for that reason the production rate is not satisfactory. Effective indicators in location of the Industry were identified and a hierarchy was constructed based on five major groups of criteria. The weights of the indicators were then established by Analytical Hierarchy Process. The amounts of the indicators with regard to alternatives were obtained from factories in public and private sectors. These weights were e...
Ghayyas Ahmad
...iodiversity conservation planning. Extensive use was made of remote sensing and GIS techniques to achieve the objective. Forest vegetation was selected as a subset of total biodiversity.
Major forest mosaics of the area were identified from satellite image and then visited on the ground to collect locational, environmental, and biological data. Field data collection was done through Line transect sampling design. Image classification was performed by usi...
Muhammad Rafique Sardar
J. S. A. Osho
...nd on a 5-year
periodic planning. The solution of the LP showed that
about 5.8 x 107 m3 of wood was maximized. The optimal
solution preserved 2,945 ha (20, 730, 202 m3) of wood
was maximized. The optimal cut in Period-I (1995-2000),
3,766 ha (22,158,071 m3) in Period-II (1995-2005) and
2,515 ha (14,959,539 m3) in Period-III (2006-2010). Two
other feasible solutions were also worked out. The
volume per hectare...
K. M. Siddiqui
...lopment Project for both planning and for
presentation during the Workshop....
*Muhammad Iqbal, James A. Moore and ***Charles R. Hatch
...to formulate management, planning and
marketing strategies. Diameter at breast height squared
(Dbh2) and its square proved to be the independent
variables to predict crown biomass weights....
K. M. Siddiqui
...tro:
Development planning plays a crucial role in the socio-economic development of a country. It aims at optimal utilization of the available resources in order to maximize social welfare. Pakistan, after independence, was confronted with numerous problems. After laying down the foundation of certain institutions and setting in order the administrative machinery the policy makers resorted to development planning
M Ayaz, M.A. Cheema, H. Duerrstein and M. Kleine
...seful research and sound planning activities in forestry
should be based on adequate data recorded in the field. Normally
this data is of large quantity and its manual processing was always
a time consuming and tedious task. Consequently, the results
obtained in this way were not of a desired standard and mostly not
available on time. This was a big hinderance in the efficient
execution of forestry operations. To overcome these difficulties,
the ...
Raja Walayat Hussain
... Foreign News
Forest planning with particular reference to forecasting and model selection as exemplified by growth models - Abstract of M.Sc. Thesis...
Raja Walayat Hussain
...ion of resources and for planning and control of new planting programs. In information management it finds its application in maintaining upto- date records of long range experiments and files of employees. Different decision making techniques such as linear programming simulation, research and network planning are described and important programs developed by United States Forest Service are discussed.
...
M.Ismail Chaudhry and Bashir Hussain Shah
...s and the government is planning to establish match and paper industries in N.W.F.P. and other parts of the country. Raising of poplar plantations would be needed to feed these industries. In Pakistan poplars grew very well in hilly areas with enough rainfall such as Murree, Hazara, Swat, Tribal belt of N.W.F.P. and Azad Kashmir. The poplars are very heavily infested by leaf stitchers and defoliatois in the plains but are quite safe ...
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
... achieved through proper planning, execution, and above all, cooperation between the growers and the consumers to the benefit of both the sides. In view of the chronic shortage of raw material to feed the pulp and paper industry in Pakistan, planting of fast growing species in irrigated forest plantations, extensive practice of agro-forestry and involvement of private enterprise in such projects of national importance has been recommended....
Raja Walayat Hussain and lshtiaq Ahmad Qazi
...oductivity to aid in planning and management. Site quality, being the net result of the complex interaction of environmental factors finds its expression in the volume increment of the stands supported by the area. An easier and quicker index for expressing the site quality is the raltive height growth as a function of age. This is closely related with the ultimate measure of site quality i. e. volume and is only slightly...
Luqman1*, Zahid Hussain2, Tamana Bakht3, Miftah-Ud-Din1, Haroon Khan2, Muhammad
Rameez Khan1, Ata Ullah1 and Faraz Ali Shah1, Imtiaz Khan2 and Abdul Majid Khan Dawar2
...sy weeds. Therefore, for planning of the weed control measures it must be
kept that broad leaf weed problems are higher
...
Abdul Basit1 and 2Sana Ullah*
...commended that effective planning, punctual staff duty and modern practices should be
applied to improve overall structure of the nurseries.
... 
