Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Muhammad Arshad Khan
...were managed in soil and mulberry foliage through application of urea and diammonium phosphate (DAP). Urea at the rate of 608 kg/ha and DAP at the rate of 260 kg/ha was applied on six mulberry varieties. The results showed a deficiency in nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc and manganese in soil before the fertilizer application. Contrarily, high copper and potassium contents were found. After three weeks of fertilizer application, c...
Murtaza Ali*, Yasser Durrani and Muhammad Ayub
...olar dryer, on the white mulberry fruit (Morus alba) variety grown in District Skardu, Gilgit Baltistan. After drying, mulberry fruit was stored for 150 days and evaluated for physiochemical and sensory parameters (water activity, ash content, percent acidity, pH, moisture content, reducing and non-reducing sugars, taste, texture, color and overall acceptability). Statistically minimum decrease was observed in water a...
M. D. Maji, N.K.Das, S. Chatterjee, A. Ghosh and A.K. Bajpai
Forecasting models of bacterial leaf spot disease of mulberry for Birbhum district of West Bengal
...major foliar diseases in mulberry at farmers field in Birbhum district.BLS incidence appeared in May and continued up to November. The correlation coefficient between disease severity and meteorological parameters revealed that BLS disease severity showed significant positive correlation with max & min temperatures, min relative humidity, rainfall and number of rainy days. Step down multiple regression analysis revealed that the forecasting of BLS could be...
Ehab Bo Trabi1,2, Xianjun Yuan1, Junfeng Li1, Zhihao Dong1, Assar Ali Shah2 and Tao Shao1,2,*
... chemical composition of mulberry leaf (Morus Alba) silage was treated with glucose and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) additives. The groups were as follow: silage without additive as a control (c); glucose 1% fresh matter basis (G1); glucose 2% (G2); glucose 3% (G3); Lactobacillus Plantarum (LAB1); Pediococuss acidilactici (LAB2); Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LAB3). All the silos were incubated at 25°C. Then, 90 days later, the ferment...
Pei-feng Yin1,2,Xiu-xiu Li1,Qi-wei Zeng3, Cheng-chen Shen1, Le Gao1 andJian-zhang Ton2,*
...affect the production of mulberry, however, there is no known research data available regarding the effects of popcorn infected leaves on silkworm performance. One group of silkworms was fed infected mulberry leaves and the second silkworms group was given control mulberry leaves that were infection free. Results showed that infected leaves exhibited limited toxicity to the silkworm; howev...
Xiaqing Chen, Yü Huang and Zhen Huang*
...al pathogen that attacks mulberry fruits and causes disease named as “popcorn disease”. Many Trichoderma spp. produce a series of antibiotic metabolites that can inhibit plant pathogens. Trichoderma hamatum isolated from infected mulberry fruits was evaluated for its efficiency to suppress plant pathogen S. shiraiana alone or in combination with fungicide carbendazim under laboratory con...
Dan Yü, Chuchu Li, Yü Huang and Zhen Huang*
...lling popcorn disease of mulberry.
...
Wang Zaigui1,*, Guo Panpan1, Ye Miao1, Sun Linghong1, Zhang Hongfu2 and Liu Chaoliang1,*
... the remaining amount of mulberry leaves (RAML) was significantly decreased contrasting to the blank group (P<0.05). (2) In the larval duration of 4th instar silkworm, adding B. subtilis to the feed could significantly increase the AWG and RFC and decrease of RAML (P<0.05) (3) In the larval duration of 5th instar silkworm, maximum growth parameters level were achieved with silkworm in the experiment group, that ...
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Palwasha Jabeen, Chand Raza, Shaukat Ali
...ducing them. The silk in mulberry and non-mulberrys silkworms also varies from each other. Spidroin is the protein found in spider silk while silkworm silk is made up of an inner core of fibroin and outer layer of sericin protein. After the removal of sericin, silk is non-immunogenic and non-allergic. It is a renowned biomaterial due to its biocompatible nature. Silk proteins have been found to possess antibacterial properti...
Gulnaz Ismaylova
...to identify the pests of mulberry, which is the main food source for the silkworm, in 2018-2020, monitoring of existing and newly planted mulberry orchards was carried out. Orosanga japonica first recorded on Morus sp. in the Sheki-Zagatala region located in the northwest, and then in the Khachmaz region, located in the northeast of Azerbaijan. Representatives of this family have not yet been registered in Azerbaijan. Beside...
Muhammad Zohaib1, Muhammad Sajjad Ansari1*, Bushra Allah Rakha2* and Ali Akhter2
...a indica; 9%), white mulberry (Moris alba; 9%), sweat orange (Citrus X sinensis; 9%), babul (Vachellia nilotica; 7%), banyan (Ficus bengalensis; 4%), weeping fig (Ficus benjamina; 3%) and date palm (Phoenix dactylifera; 3%). The highest number of nests were recorded with clutch size 3 (87%) followed by 2 (11%) and 4 (2%). A total of 154 eggs were observed in 51 nests, from which 10% eggs were infertile, 19% were pr...
Nausheen Irshad1, Maria Akhter1, Tariq Mahmood2*, Faraz Akrim3, Muhammad Rafique Khan1 and Muhammad Sajid Nadeem4
... seeds and twigs of wild mulberry, Japanese fruit, wild fig and cucumber. The study concludes that Altai weasel in Bunjosa Game Reserve occurs at an elevation range between 1773 m to 1875 m, and consumes most frequently insects, followed by small mammals, birds and reptiles, along with seeds and twigs of some wild plant species....
Sharon Zulfiqar1, Mubashar Hussain1*, Kiran Aftab1, Muhammad Faheem Malik1, Rizwan Khursheed2, Somia Liaqat1 and Maimoona Kanwal1
...kworm races fed on local mulberry. The disease-free eggs of Chinese, Korean and Bulgarian races were obtained from Sericulture Research Laboratory, Lahore. The silkworm eggs were incubated at standard conditions. Larval rearing was maintained at standard rearing conditions of temperature (25 ± 1°C), Relative Humidity (75 ± 5 %), and photoperiod (12 light: 12 dark). The experiment was laid out in the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with fiv...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa1*, Zahid Rızwan2 and Muhammad Atıf Majeed1
Ishtiaq Ahmad1*, Muhammad Nafees1, Maryam2, Irfan Ashraf3, Ambreen Maqsood4 and Muhammad Saqib5
...mprove shelf-life of dry mulberry fruits for their sustainable availability in the market for human consumption. For this purpose, common drying methods viz., sun drying, shade drying and oven drying were applied on freshly harvested black and white mulberry fruits to evaluate the significant drying method with minimal nutritional losses. The fruit samples were collected from mulberry plan...
Naila Shahzadi1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Azizullah1, Muhamamd Farooq Bhatti2, Shaukat Ali1, Muhamamd Summer1 and Farman Ahmad Chaudhary3
.... The 5th instar (day 1) mulberry silkworms were divided into four groups of 20 each: namely a control and three experimental groups. Plain (untreated) mulberry leaves were offered to the control group while experimental groups were fed on the mulberry leaves treated with exogenous nutrients alone (5% sericin, 3% honey) and in combination (5% sericin + 3% honey). Results showed that the la...
Aamir Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Azizullah, Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Summer, Ali Haidar Gormani, Saira Nawaz and Ayesha Muzamil
...izing different parts of mulberry plants. Mulberry leaves possess different physiological and biological potentials. Inflammation is the most common factor involved in various chronic diseases. This research study was conducted to evaluate anti-inflammatory and analgesic potentials of hot water extracts of mulberry leaves (mulberry tea) of two species i....
Muhammad Ali1*, Rukhsana Perveen2, Khalil Ahmed3, Ghulam Raza1, Muhammad Akbar1, Maisoor Ahmed Nafees3 and Muhammad Ayub4
...luding date palm, mango, mulberry and other important fruit trees in this region. This study also investigates the predatory role both adults and 4th instar larvae of this coccinellid predator in the biological control of I. aegyptiaca comparatively in the laboratory and under field conditions. The 4th instar larvae were found to be more voracious than adults....
Aamir Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Azizullah, Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Farooq Bhatti, Muhammad Summer and Ali Haidar Gormani
...ed herbivores. Moreover, mulberry leaves are rich in medicinal potentials and found effective against many infections and diseases. Extract of mulberry leaves can be prepared in various solvents and contain different bioactive substances including flavonoids, phenols and alkaloids. Mulberry leaves extracts have also shown significant pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, ...
Muhammad Salman1*, Naveed Ahmed2, Mir Manzar Ud Din3, Fazli Amin4 and Arsalan Ali5
... developmental stages of mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori L.) C-21 strain by feeding different mulberry varieties and its effect on their cocoon characters during spring and autumn silkworm rearing seasons 2022. The study comprised of thirty number of larvae and cocoons of Chinese C-21 strain. The parameters that were studied in the present experiment and recorded were weight of full-grown larvae (1.4-3.6 gm), length of larvae...
MAIMOONA KANWAL, MUBASHAR HUSSAIN*, ZAHEER ABBAS1, SHAKIL AHMAD KHAN2, FATIMA
ZAFAR & RIZWANKHURSHEED2
...orm reared on local mulberry supplemented with vitamins(Band C) in addition to amino acids (Alanine and Glycine) was evaluated at24 - 28 ○C and 70± 5 % RH during early larval instars (1stand 2nd)and 24-28○C and 85 ± 5 % RH during last three (3rd -5th) larval instars. Early in stars were fed on chopped mulberry leaves whereas later instars were reared on mulberry<...
Tanvir Hussain1, Said Akhtar2, Khalid Hussain3* and Zahid Rauf4
Zahid Rauf, Tanvir Ahmad Qureshi, Ghayyas Ahmad and Wahiba Iqbal
Modelling of female Pupal body weight and fecundity of the mulberry silkworm (Bombyx mori l) strains
Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Hakim Shah
Ghulam Mustafa Nasir
Syed Said Badshah Bukhari, Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Miskeen Ali
...lationship in ten exotic mulberry germplasm accessions. The results showed highly significant (p<0.01) variation in all agronomic traits. Both direct and indirect interactions were found among the traits. The highest genetic coefficient of variation (GCV) was 48.18% in total shoot length (TSL), while the lowest GCV was 3.27% in number of branches per plant (NB). The highest phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was 48.19% in TSL, and the lowest PCV was 4.0...
Syed Said Badshah Bukhari, Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Miskeen Ali
Iqbal Mahmood
...albergia sissoo) and mulberry (Morus alba) woods and the same wood species found in United States of America. The results of this study reveal that the local white bakain is superior in strength than exotic species. It has also better strength when compared with other commercial hardwoods and is recommended for a number of uses. ...
Wali-ur-Rahman, Muhammad Khan and Muhammad Nawaz Rajpar
...ect of PFI-1 and Kanmasi mulberry varieties of Morus alba L. on the larval growth, cocoon characters and larval and pupal mortality of 6 silkworm strains of Bombyx mori L. Silkworm strains fed on the PFI-1 mulberry variety showed an increment of 9.91% and 0.936% in larval and cocoon shell weight and 3.681 and 3.0 in percent shell ratio and good cocoons and a decrease of 9.4 and 7.6 in percent larval and pupal...
Ghulam Mustafa Nasir, Noreen Fatima and Kanwar Muhammad Suleman
..., White Bakain and Paper mulberry woods, the vessels were sufficient large in diameter and in Chinar and Paper mulberry woods, the frequency of vessels was found to be higher. Therefore, the woods may be easily seasoned and preserved. Amaltas, Chinar, Paper mulberry, Ber, Bakain, White Bakain, and Farash woods the frequency or size of wood rays was found to be higher and the woods may be n...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa and Miskeen Ali
...sponse of two strains of mulberry silkworm, Bombyx mori was worked out for fecundity, egg fertility and hatchability on different textured and colored substrata. Five (05) topographically different textured papers namely, art paper (glossy), off-set (fine), flying paper (smooth), newspaper (coarse), craft paper (control) and six (06) colors, i.e. black, green, pink, white, yellow, brown (control) in smooth texture (flying paper) were evaluated. C-102 l...
Muhammad Afzal and Aqeela Mobeen Akhter
Iqbal Mahmood and Tanvir Ahmad Qureshi
...>Pinus wallichiana), mulberry (Morus alba), bhan (Populus euphratica), walnut (Juglans regia), toon (Cedrela toona). Jaman (Eugenia jambolana) and semul (Bombax ceiba) were of medium movement (3-4.5%) while deodar (Cedrus deodara), babul (Acacia nilotica), shisham (Dalbergia sisso), black siris (Albizzia lebbek), white siris (Albizzia procera) and mango (Mangifera indica) d...
Sardar M. Rafique and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...leaf.
...
Sardar M. Rafique and Ghulam Ali Bajwa
...f bush, low cut and tree mulberry leaves was estimated on growth and economic cocoon characters of eight silkworm (Bombyx mori) strains The results revealed that different mulberry cultivation forms significantly influenced silkworm growth and cocoon characters Maximum (3 11g) per larva body weight gain, absolute body weight (3 06g) increment, daily body weight (0 23g) increment and growth rate (34 78%) was recorded o...
Manufacturing of particleboard from paper mulberry (Brosonatia papyrifera) wood Tanvir Ahmad Qureshi
Tanvir Ahmad Qureshi
... manufactured from Paper mulberry (Brosonatia papyrifera) wood having specific gravity of 0.50. Boards were bonded with urea-formaldehyde resin glue. Mechanical properties (MOE, MOR, IB strength and screw-withdrawal resistance) and dimensional stabilities (Thickness swelling, water absorption and Linear expansion) of the boards were determined. Mechanical properties of boards of paper mulberry increased with board den...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa and M. N. Ashiq
...and LSD test....
Kanwar Muhammad Suleman and Nadeem Kausar
...and in the country....
Inayat Ahmad Hafiz
... 89.5....
Zahid Javid and R. F. Fisher
...rowing hybrid poplar and mulberry
deplete the soil of its essential nutrients. The soils
under Pinus roxburghii Sarg., Leucaena and Eucalyptus
camaldulensis Dehn. Show increased net nitrogen
mineralization rates, whereas continuously grazed and
leaf-litter harvested sites of mulberry and hybrid
poplar (1-214) have comparatively low total soil
nitrogen, net nitrogen mineralization rates and,
conse...
Zahid Javid and R. F. Fisher
...rowing hybrid poplar and mulberry
deplete the soil of its essential nutrients. The soils
under Pinus roxburghii Sarg., Leucaena and Eucalyptus
camaldulensis Dehn. Show increased net nitrogen
mineralization rates, whereas continuously grazed and
leaf-litter harvested sites of mulberry and hybrid
poplar (1-214) have comparatively low total soil
nitrogen, net nitrogen mineralization rates and,
conse...
Hakim Shah, Malik Illahi Bakhsh and Mohammad Amjad
...%), ailanthus (13%) and
mulberry (10%) are the pre-dominant species in irrigated
areas. Ber (23%) and ailanthus (14%) are the most
common trees in un-irrigated areas. The tree stock is
mostly concentrated in lower diameter classes. The dia
classes 5-9, 10-14 and 15-19 account for 42%, 24% and
13% respectively of the total tree stock.The estimated
volume of gowning stock is 14 million m3 of which 10.6
million m3 (76%) is in irrigat...
Mir Baz Khan
...NWFP potential wealth of mulberry trees, the only food of silkworms.
Climatic conditions for silkworms rearing are also suitable in many parts of the province.
Silkworm rearing is therefore, carried out throughout the province where mulberry trees
plants are found in .abundance. The following sericulture centres have been established
over the years in the province....
Mian Muhammad Muslim
...forest
plantation where mulberry was available in abundance to support the silkworm rearing
programme. Since then it made a slow but steady progress in Punjab. Presently,
sericulture is one of the major cottage industries in rural areas of the province. The
activity is mainly concentrated around irrigated forest plantations of Changa Manga,
Daphar, Chichawatni, Kamalia, Khanewal, Bhagat, Kundian and Jauharabad. Besides it is
scattered on a small scale...
Zakaullah
...e on various diseases of mulberry, from
throughout the world has been reviewed. This paper
reviews available information on a number of mulberry
diseases and their casual organisms comprising fungi,
viruses, bacteria and phanerogamic parasites. Mulberry mosaic virus was found to cause heavy reduction in leaf
yield and distortion in the cocoons with inferior silk
when silk worms were ...
M. Iqbal Ahmad and I. A. Hafiz
...liage yield of different mulberry
varieties under different treatments of spacing
fertilization and pollarding at the Pakistan Forest
Institute, Peshawar. It was found that density of
planting in directly related to the mulberey leaf
yield. The spacings of 1 x 1 meter was found optional for
improved management and high yield of mulberry
plantations. The application of 200 Kg N per hectare, if
applied 50% after sprout...
M. Iqbal Ahmad
... quality egg production, mulberry cultivation, silkworm rearing,
silk yarn technology, and cocoon and silk marketing. Other factors also played an
important part in this regard. These include import policy for silk seed and raw silk and
price fluctuations faced by farmers in sale of cocoons....
K. M. Siddiqui
...eed, absence of adequate mulberry plantations, non-existence of local training
facilities and constraints in processing and marketing of silk cocoons and raw silk. The
prices of cocoons also fluctuate considerably from year to year, thus adversely affecting
economic returns to the farmers....
M. I. Sultani, Zafaruddin and Ghulam Akbar
... quality and quantity of mulberry leaves obtained per unit area. All managed plantation of one hectare dwarf mulberry can yield enough leaves to provide 750 kg of green silk cocoons or 93 kg raw silk (Zafarud Din et al., 1983). Dwarf multicut varieties of mulberry with plant height less than 10 feet are generally cultivated for sericulture in many countries like Japan, China, and Ko...
Iqbal Ahmad
...t the effect of urea on
mulberry leaf yields revealed that after one year of
planting 78.8%, 120%and 175% increase in annual leaf
yield occurred in 100kg N 200kg N and 300 kg N
respectively, per hectare as against check where no
fertilizer were applied. After two years of planting the
total annual increase in leaf yield was 55% 100% and
120% kg per hectare in 100kg N 200kg N and 300kg N
respectively as against check where no fertilizer were
applied. I...
M.I. Sheikh
...ea, an old
shisham and mulberry plantation was cleared off all the trees and 1 - year old plants of the
following 15 clones transported from Pakistan Forest Institute, Peshawar were planted at a
spacing of 4.5 x 4.5 m in 0.5 m deep pits.
...
M.I. Sheikh
...d shape of the plants of mulberry and the number of branches is controlled and the size and quality of the leaves remains consistent and it is possible to estimate the annual quantity of leaf crop from a given area....
Sarfaraz Hussain Bangash and Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
...nd nutritive of Japanese mulberry, it has been found that 200 kg N per hectare increased the foliage yield by 85% as compared to control, significant at 1% level. However, none of the fertilizers affected the crude protein content of the leaves....
Mohammad Amjad and Iqbal Mohammad
...mber consumption. 50% of mulberry is obtained from the state owned irrigated plantation of the Punjab. The entire supplies of willow come from the form lands of Peshawar district. Current export earnings from all sports goods are Rs.199 million; from wooden sports goods Rs.105 million. The export earnings have shown an upward trend during the last 25 years. The exports of hockey sticks are rising steadily, of tennis rackets, steady, of cricket bats, downward; ...
Abdul Aleem
...Apricot, almond, peach, mulberry, pomegranate, and grapes are grown on field boundaries, as small graves, or in courtyards....
G. M. Khattak, M. I. Sheikh and S. H. Bangesh
...t of foliage produced by mulberry at the close of the growing season, and its crude protein content. The objective was to increase the quantity and quality of feed for silkworms....
Ghaus Mohammad Khattak
...derstorey of shisham and mulberry and an overstorey of shisham standards. The lower storey has been managed on a rotation of 16 to 22 years at different times. Shisham standards have been retained for three rotations. Yield is regulated by areas without allowing for variation in site quality.
The Sind plantations are still in their formative stage, their special problems are:
I. soil salinity combined with a high water table in the Ghulam Mohammad B...
The Sind plantations are still in their formative stage, their special problems are:
I. soil salinity combined with a high water table in the Ghulam Mohammad B...
Mohammad Ayaz
...eight of rays in ash and mulberry....
Mohammad Yasin and Qaim Hussain Shah
...determine
properties of mulberry wood. Effects of knife angle, log
conditioning period and veneer drying temperature and
time on the quality of veneer were studied. It was
observed that mulberry logs produce good quality veneer
of 1.0 mm, 2.0 mm and 2.5mm thickness, when they were
conditioned in hot water for 12 to 18 hours before
peeling. Knife angle of 920 was found be optimum for
cutting good quality veneer from l...
