Mazhir Nadeem Ishaq, Li Cui Xia, Rukhsana Rasheed, Zeeshan Ahmad, Muhammad Abdullah
...conomic benefits of milk marketing cooperatives working in two districts (Vehari and Muzzafargrah), geographically located in the southern region of Punjab province of Pakistan. The study analyzed the significance of milk marketing cooperatives by revealing and evaluating possible returns to smallholders in dairy sector. The hypothesis that milk marketing cooperatives are beneficial for mi...
Oluwasogo David Olorunfemi, Oluwasegun Adetokunbo Adekunle, Felix Olayinka Oladipo, Temitope Oluwaseun Oladele and Oladimeji Idowu Oladele
...tives from production to marketing....
Dhananjoy Mandal 2K. Baral 3M. K. Dasgupta
Developing site-specific appropriate precision agriculture
...ng inputs and outputs by marketing, production, protection and processing, and other essential information provided through a decision support system (DSS), in an agriinformatics networking such that is not ordinarily available to Indian farmers in general. Due to Precision Farming (PF), production increased by 40 to 60 percent farmers’ margins of the produce and reduction of the commission charged by the middlemen to 7-10 percent. Further, bargaining po...
Wali Khan1, Naushad Khan2 and Shaista Naz2*
...honey transportation and marketing, thus beekeeping not only served as an income generating activity but also an employment generating activity in present and in future. The major constraints in beekeeping were the expensive inputs, pest attack, lack of modern production and rearing techniques, and trainings which can be overcome by a comprehensive program focusing on the provision of low cost inputs, pesticides/insecticides, modern techniques and trainings, a...
Raza Ullah1*, Qaisar Shah Safi2, Ghaffar Ali3 and Irfan Ullah3
...e fruit and require good marketing practices, proper time and methods of harvesting, packaging, storage and processing. There are various middlemen (market intermediaries) involved at different stages in the marketing of citrus. This study is an attempt to examine the marketing margins of the intermediaries involve in the value chain of sweet oranges of citrus group. Three villages in Buni...
Abbas Ullah Jan1, Muhammad Fayaz1*, Yousaf Hayat2, Dawood Jan3 and Ghaffar Ali3
...ed in the production and marketing of fruits if they focus on quality enhancement as both the urban and rural households are willing to pay a higher price for higher quality fruits. ...
Muhammad Afzal, Sarfraz Ahmad , Abdul Salam Baloch* and Qazi Bashir Ahmad**
...rs should consider major marketing demand events like Eid-ul-Azha, Ramadan, etc. as the exceptional occasion to put up their animals for sale. The price per kg on live weight was higher by 39% and 24% in Eid-ul-Azha and Ramadan seasons, respectively as compared to normal season. Live weight has considered a very important variable in determining the price of an animal. Installation of separate weighing machine for small and large animals should be placed at th...
Sonila Hassan, Abid Hussain*, Muhammad Azeem Khan** and Irfan Mahmood*
RURAL-URBAN RETAIL PRICES AND MARKETING MARGINS OF FRESH FRUITS AND VEGETABLES IN PAKISTAN
...designed to estimate the marketing margins and rural-urban price differences of fresh fruits and vegetables. A checklist and an open-ended questionnaire were developed and used to interview a total of 200 retailers (rural and urban), 100 producers, 30 commission agents and 10 transporters in July 2010. Price data were collected from rural and urban retailers in Hyderabad, Faisalabad, Peshawar, Muzaffarabad and Quetta. It was observed that the retail prices of ...
Sajida Taj*, Muhammad Tariq Iqbal Khan**, Mazher Abbas and Arshed Bashir***
PRICE SPREAD AND MARKETING MARGINS OF CUT ROSE IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
... operation of the flower marketing system in Punjab, Pakistan. Based on cross sectional data collected from 34 farmers, 13 wholesalers-cum-commission agents and 20 retailers from main flower producing areas of Kasur and Faisalabad districts from Punjab province, the structure and marketing margins of producers and other marketing intermediaries are quantified along the existing two
Abid Hussain*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Sonila Hassan**
PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF CAMEL PRODUCTS IN SEMIDESERT AND DESERT AREAS OF PAKISTAN
...alyze the production and marketing of camel products in the semi-desert and desert areas of Pakistan. It is based on cross-sectional data collected through simple random sampling technique in April, 2011 from 220 camel farmers and 17 market intermediaries. It is found that both camel farmers and market intermediaries were less educated. It is observed that markets for camel milk, meat, hides and hair are less established in semi desert and desert areas of the ...
Muhammad Shahzad*, Akhter Ali**, Abdul Hayee Qureshi**, Naveed Jehan*, Imran Ullah* and Majid Khan*
ASSESSMENT OF POST-HARVEST LOSSES OF PLUM IN SWAT, PAKISTAN
...st harvest losses in the marketing channel of the plum was necessary for the stake holders to make informed decision about harvest and post harvest practices. This study was conducted in Swat district in 2012 to quantify these losses at different levels using four different questionnaires. Proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used for the collection of data from different categories of respondents and tehsils. Post harvest losses were estimat...
Muhammad Shahzad*, Ayesha Tahir**, Naveed Jehan*** and Muhammad Luqman*
IMPACT OF DIFFERENT PACKAGING TECHNOLOGIES ON POSTHARVEST LOSSES OF STONE FRUITS IN SWAT PAKISTAN
...sses of plum through its marketing channel. Primary data was collected through pre tested questionnaires by proportionate random sampling procedure. Quantitative losses were estimated through percentage method while partial losses were estimated at the wholesale and retail level by price differential method. Multiple regression analysis was employed to find relation between post-harvest losses and different factors at three different stages. Findings of the st...
Umar Ijaz Ahmed*, Liu Ying**, Muhammad Khalid Bashir***,
Muhammad Amjed Iqbal*, Muhammad Rizwan*, Muhammad Mazhar
Iqbal****, Muhammad Rafi Qamar***** and Aftab Nazeer******
SPATIAL PRICE TRANSMISSION IN PAKISTAN: THE CASE OF WHEAT AND RICE MARKETS
...better policy to enhance marketing function to overcome food insecurity situation....
Anwar Hussain* and Muhammad Rahman**
ROLE OF TRAININGS ON FARMERS' PROFITABILITY OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS IN MOUNTAINOUS AREAS OF DISTRICT SWAT, KHYBER PUKHTUNKHWA
...about revenue from MAPs, marketing, prices and quantities was collected through a structured questionnaire. The respondents were given training under Swiss Development Cooperation Project at the time of collection, harvesting, cleaning, drying, packing and marketing of MAPs. The overall findings revealed that the training had positive impact on farmers' revenue. If standardized, the MAPs collected, they can get fair prices f...
Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Abid Hussain*
MARKETING SYSTEM OF LIVE CAMELS IN THE DESERT ECOLOGIES OF PAKISTAN
...investigate the existing marketing system of live camels in the desert ecologies of Pakistan. Out of 220 camel farmers that were randomly interviewed for the study, during past one year sale of live camels was reported by more than half of the camel farmers. On an average two camels per farm mainly to meet urgent family cash needs. Mean ages of adult males, milking and non-milking females, male and female young stocks at the time of sale were 8.3, 10.8, 12.3, ...
Waqar Akhtar*, Muhammad Sharif**, Abdul Hayee Qureshi*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla*** and Muhammad Azeem Khan*
COMPETITIVENESS OF TOMATO PRODUCTION IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...tomato through efficient marketing. Technological improvement in production, marketing and value addition of tomato is also needed to address farm and market level issues of competitiveness....
Wazha Mugabe1,3,Gaolebale Segolame Mpapho1, John Kamau1, Wameotsile Mahabile2, Shalaulani James Nsoso1, Kealeboga Dipheko1 and Assar Ali Shah3,*
... cooperative pooling and marketing of milk the current farming setup of using meat breed for milk could prove beneficial to both the meat and dairy sectors.
...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2 and Zafarullah Baloch3
...roducing, processing and marketing of dates in Panjgur-Balochistan, Pakistan. Snowball sampling technique was used to select 90 respondents. The data revealed that average age of the farmers was 53.9 years with education from secondary to graduate level. The results of the study showed that many of the farmers on average have 10 acres of land under date palm cultivation with more than 57 date palm trees per acre on average. It is also observed that respondents...
Urooba Pervaiz1, Abdus Salam1, Dawood Jan2, Ayesha Khan1 and Mahmood Iqbal1
...ases incidence, improper marketing of produce in the study area. ...
Sajad Ali1*, Syed Asghar Ali Shah2, Jaffar Ali3, Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal4, Arshadullah Jadoon5 and Farmanullah6
...economic, methodical and marketing restraints faced by the farmers in augmenting and stimulating export of the country. The pea’s cultivators and also market agents were quizzed by using structured questionnaires in two related districts that is Haripur and Mansehra in the year 2013-14. The data were analyzed by using SPSS Package version 22 for calculating marketing marginal analysis and cross-tabulation were also bee...
Shaista Naz1*, Noor Paio Khan1, Naveed Afsar2 and Ashfaq Ahmad Shah3
...es of fodder cutting and marketing of dairy products due to their restricted mobility. Costly veterinary services and feed items, credit need for feed and livestock purchase, and training in animal health care were the major reported constraints in livestock management. Provision of credit, training in animal health care, and increasing women’s livestock possession are suggested not only for the increased participation of women in livestock management bu...
Mujib ur Rahman1, Munir Khan2*, Himayatullah Khan2, Malik Muhammad Shafi2 and Haidar Ali2
...oducers were involved in marketing of these products to other cities of the country. Profit per month of Chadar and Suit cloth in the local market was found Rs. 7,800/- and Rs 6,552/-, respectively. While selling these products in other cities per month profit was Rs. 13,650/- and Rs. 12,636/-, respectively. The overall profit in the business is low. Profit is higher for those producers who sold their products in other cities. In local market the profit margin...
Mustasim Famous*, Obaidul Islam, Shameema Khatun, Mohammed Mustafizur Rahman and Tania Ferdoushi
...rer space uses in turkey marketing age, weight, price of turkey. Among 6 farms only 66% of farms maintain a common vaccination schedule, other farms use only new-castle disease vaccine. Most of the turkey farmers rear turkey in small scale semi-intensive system (50%) was generally practiced by the rural farmers. They have very little idea about breed and variety of turkey and prevention of diseases of turkey. But farmers have very little knowledge about turkey...
Wajid Shah Yousafzai1, Irfan Ullah1*, Amjad Ali1, Mahmood Iqbal2 and Salman Khan1
...cilitation of growers in marketing of output, in order to enhance allocative efficiency of onion growers in the study area. ...
Muhammad Azam Niazi1* and Umar Farooq2
...ye on hoarding and black marketing. Mechanization can improve Basmati production and encouraging tubewells where ground water table allows sustainable use, should be encouraged to ensure timely water availability. ...
Asif Yaseen1, Muhammad Israr2*, Allah Bux Khan1, Ahsan Javed3, Nafees Ahmad4 and Zia Ullah5
... selection of high value marketing channels to boost self-sufficiency in the Pakistani Citrus industry, and second, to identify the issues of greater importance pertaining to famers’ selection of high value market channels in the Pakistani citrus industry. The study employed survey technique to collect data from 300 citrus farmers in Punjab, and multinomial treatments effects were used to analyze the data. The results indicated though participation in tr...
Saleem Ashraf1, Raheel Saqib2*, Zakaria Yousuf Hassan3, Muhammad Luqman4 and Abdur Rehman5
...evelopment. However, the marketing system is criticised for inconsistent supply chain of citrus in Pakistan. This research aimed to bridge the research gap by soliciting intermediaries’ role in the citrus marketing process. Total 120 randomly selected citrus growers were interviewed face to face and collected data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Findings affirmed that middleman, processing ...
Nihat Yeşilayer*
...asing the L* values. The marketing of FRT produced in Turkey has difficult in the world due to the pale flesh colour demand of the consumers. This study showed that SalmoFan CardTM scores could be practical and reliable tool for Salmonid farms as compared to other methods.
... 
Muhammad Raheel Faiz1, Ijaz Ashraf1, Haq Nawaz2, Muhammad Zubair3*, Muhammad Sajid Mahmood4, Sajid Hussain5 and Abdul Qadeer2
...oduction, protection and marketing problems which are faced by the vegetable growers. Therefore, the present study was designed to identify and prioritize the production, protection and marketing problems faced by the vegetable growers for suggesting possible solutions. Faisalabad Sadar Tehsil was selected as a study area where the vegetables are intensively grown by the farmers. There were total 58 rural union councils in F...
Shaista Naz1*, Noor P. Khan1, Himayatullah Khan1 and Azra2
Does Women’s Participation in Livestock Management Enhance their Empowerment? An Insight from the Tribal Belt of Pakistan
...milk/by-products and its marketing, milk handling and processing, animal health problems, animals keeping place, and number and breed of animals were more significant for assessing women empowerment as depicted by the high DMI value of above 0.80. Moderate level of women empowerment was observed in the activities of animals’ purchase (0.57), animals’ sale (0.59), and livestock income utilization (0.63) due to their low level of mobility and technic...
Fazli Rabbi1*, Muhammad Idrees2, Shahid Ali1, Muhammad Zamin3 and Hazrat Bilal4
Farmers Perceptions and Adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Peach (Prunus persica L.) Production and Marketing
...ious contraints in peach marketing. The farmers are reverting to the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) to overcome marketing hurdles. This research investigates the farmers’ awareness and use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) vis-à-vis the association between ICTs use and farmers’ socioeconomic and farm level variables. A sample of 70 peach (P. persica L.) growers ...
Shahzad Malik* and Ayesha Khan
Gap Analysis of Farmers’ Capacity Building by Public and Private Agriculture Extension Sectors in Central Plain Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...farm management, improve marketing skills, harvesting techniques, organic farming, integrated pest management, seed rate ratio and orchard layout. Overall, there was a big gap in the performance of the public sector extension and private sector extension in capacity building. It is therefore, recommended that both the Public and Private Agriculture Extension Sector should work on joint venture basis and hold joint extension activities for the betterment of far...
Israr Yasin1, Ismail Qureshi1*, Shahjahn Qaimkhani1, Gulam Mustafa Solangi3, Ismail Qaimkhani1, Ismail Brohi1 and Abdul Ahad Soomro2
A Perspective on Household Dairy Farming in District Naushahro Feroze, Sindh, Pakistan
...ock, milk production and marketing as well as role of livestock in household income in district Naushahro Feroze of Sindh-Province Pakistan. Six hundred households were selected from 40 villages in four out of nine Talukas (administrative units) using multistage clustering method. Estimates of the study revealed that 54% of the households possessed buffaloes. Average number of buffaloes was estimated at 4.28 while 376 (63%) of the household reported cattle wit...
Muhammad Ahsan Naseer1, Mehdi Maqbool1, Saima Rafiq2*, Noosheen Zahid1, Abdul Hamid1 and Syed Zulfiqar Ali Shah1
Comparative Analysis of Physical and Biochemical Attributes of Edible Fig (Ficus carica L.) Collected from Three Districts of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Located at Different Elevations
...orage conditions for its marketing at national and international level.
...
Olugbenga Omotayo Alabi1*, Ayoola Olugbenga Oladele2 and Ibrahim Maharazu3
Profitability Analysis and Marketing Efficiency of Soyabean (Glycine max) Value Chain among Actors in Abuja, Nigeria
...alyzed profitability and marketing efficiency of soyabean (Glycine max) value chain among actors in Abuja, Nigeria. This study was designed specifically to achieve the following objectives: describe the socio-economic characteristics of soyabean marketers, determine the marketing cost, marketing margin, and marketing efficiency of soyabean, analyze the c...
Hassam Ud Din1*, Huma Rizwana1, Rameez Raja Kaleri2, Kaleem Ullah2 and Muhammad Din2
Evaluation of Production Performance and Marketing of Small Ruminants in District Dukki, Balochistan
... production patterns and marketing of small ruminants during the year 2018. The information on various aspects was collected from the small ruminants farmers of five union councils i.e. Vialla Dukki, Thal, Nana Sahib, Sadar and Nasar Abad of district Dukki of Balochistan. The sample size was composed by producer (50), wholesalers (50) and retailer (50) for convenient sampling contribution of each selected producer involved in the business area. The result show...
Luka Anthony*, Olugbenga Omotayo Alabi, Elizabeth Samuel Ebukiba and Vandi Gamba
...e produced and choice of marketing outlets among small-holder rural farming households are the main focus to improve rice production and increase the income of the farmers. Primary data were used for this study. Data were obtained using a well-designed well-structured questionnaire. The questionnaires were administered to two hundred and seven (207) small-holder rural rice farming households. Multi-stage sampling technique was adopted. Data were analyzed using...
Dabesa Wegari and Fikiru Temesgen Gelata*
...nput supply, production, marketing/trading, processing, retailing and consumption of the product.Therefore, the required recommendations were creating strong horizontal and vertical linkages/relationships between the chain actors and on mutually beneficial actions for the smallholder farmers....
Tanay Dineshkumar Shah
... to develop the relevant marketing strategy by understanding the consumer perception regarding mushroom consumption in their regular diet.
...
Nadeem Anwar1, Muhammad Luqman2*, Shaoib Nasir3, Moazzam Sabir1, Hafiz Bashir Ahmad4 and Saleem Ashraf5
...impact of harvesting and marketing behavior of citrus growers on their socio-economic development. This research was conducted in district Sargodha, the hub of citrus production. The findings of the study indicate regarding harvesting behavior of the farmers that they do not harvest the fruit by their own. Only a small number of the citrus growers harvest the fruit by their own. Majority of the farmers were found to be unsatisfied about the role of intermediar...
Khalid Mehmood1*, Abdul Rehman2 and Ammara Khan1
...heir yield, pod size and marketing, and inferior in respect of their taste, local adaptability, and pest tolerance. The results also suggested that the adoption of improved groundnut varieties depended upon the farmers’ age, education level, access to quality seed, registration status, awareness, and active participation in farmers training programs. Farmers’ conventional behavior, lack of awareness, lack of access to quality seed, and lack of prom...
Hina Fatima1*, Bushra Yasmin2 and Lal Khan Almas3
...ation in addition to the marketing information about availability of innovative inputs. This is learned from the results that multiple cropping under tunnels appeared as a cutting-edge system among the prevalent agricultural practices in Pakistan that demands modernity and challenges on the part of farmers. ...
Yaregal Tilahun1*, Benyam Tadesse1, Getachew Mekonnen2 and Tilahun Bekele3
...squo; tea production and marketing difficulties....
Ndumiso Malusi1, Andrew Bamidele Falowo2, Yiseyon Sunday Hosu3,4, Emrobowansan Monday Idamokoro3,4*
...vailable feed resources, marketing constraints and animal health challenges among others. These limiting constraints have in turn negatively affected the potential of communal cattle farmers from exploring both the local and global markets. To upsurge farm practices that can be sustainable and the involvement of cattle production to defeat starvation and financial lack among poor-resourced areas and in the nation at large, there is need by the government and o...
Hilarius Yosef Sikone1*, Budi Hartono2, Suyadi2, Bambang Ali Nugroho2
...tle supply chain in each marketing agency of beef cattle in the North Central Timor Regency. The research method used was descriptive quantitative, which was carried out by a survey method. Determination of the sample using two methods: purposive sampling (applied to farmer respondents) and snowball sampling (to collect respondents from traders and butchers). Samples used in the study were 115 respondents consisting of 90 farmers, ten collectors, four inter-is...
Bambang Yudi Ariadi1*, Rahayu Relawati1, Barbara Szymoniuk2 and Waris Ali Khan3
... research contributes to marketing theory in determining the price of organic products. The practical contribution of strengthening the quality attributes of organic vegetable products by improving the packaging of organic vegetables with informative labels to increase consumer trust in organic vegetables.
...
Phassakon Nuntapanich1*, Hathaichanok Nuntapanich2 and Woraman Maicharoen3
...rovide the services. The marketing channel can be divided into three types are 1) travel-customer, 2) tourist-customer and 3) middlemen from many provinces to buy lots of fish from the wholesale farmer. All of these farming practices are efficient using of natural resources as the local wisdom that shield against inevitable shock in household economy and food security including encourage interaction between people in the community. The farmers in the study sit...
Muhammad Jalees
... line-height: normal;">E-marketing practices in the businesses have strengthened supply chain management (SCM) and providing a competitive advantage over their rivals. Companies tend to look into smart technologies to convince their customers/consumers for selling their items. Electronic marketing is an integral part of SCM to attract consumers around the globe, which may extend to the next level when the incorporation strat...
Auzair Javaid Butt, Irfan Ullah*, Shahid Ali, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai and Jahangir Khan
... to analyze the existing marketing channels, marketing costs and margins of different market functionaries of potato crop in the selected villages of district Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan in 2019. For this purpose, a total of seventy producers, twenty wholesalers and twenty retailers are randomly selected and interviewed for data collection. From the current research it can be revealed that majority of potato grower...
Ejaz Ul Haq, Urooba Pervaiz*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan and Ayesha Khan
...isease attack, defective marketing and lack of credit facility. The study recommends that farmers should be encouraged and facilitated to adopt tunnel farming technology as it is the best method to grow off-season vegetables and for yields, both the field staff of extension department and farmers must be provided training for development of tunnels and package of production timely. Government should facilitate to establish agriculture insurance and provide sub...
Neni Widaningsih1,2*, Budi Hartono2, Hari Dwi Utami2, Eni Siti Rohaeni3
...tudy aims to examine the marketing transformation of swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis carabauesis) with digital-based marketing. This research has been carried out from January to June 2022 in Paminggir District, Hulu Sungai Regency, North of South Kalimantan Province. The methods used in this study are survey and observation methods. Data collection carried out includes; purposive sampling and accidental sampling techniques w...
Shaista Naz1*, Muhammad Arif2 and Akhtar Ali3
... such as fodder cutting, marketing of animals and its produce like milk and milk products due to their restricted mobility, patriarchy, low technical know-how, social, cultural, and religious constraints. The study identified various determinants of women’s participation in livestock like herd size, size of landholding, family type, educational status of the respondents, and household head as the negative and significant ones, while livestock rearing exp...
Aulia Evi Susanti1*, Rudy Priyanto2, Muladno2, Dewi Apri Astuti3, Lucia Cyrilla2
...roved feed and increased marketing showed that the best scenario in corporate business development is semi-intensive breeding. Intensive fattening cattle are given an additional marketing frequency concentrate twice with an interest rate of 6%. The feed application experimental design used a factorial 3x2 Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 10 replications. A descriptive analysis was conducted to evaluate the corporate model&...
Farid S. Nassar1,2, Abdulaziz M. Alsahlawi3, Mohammad A. Al-Mahaish4, Ahmed O. Abbas1,2*, Abdulaziz A. Alaqil1, Nancy N. Kamel5
...cause of the restrictive marketing and the excessive cost of MWM production.
Keywords | Mealworm meal, Broiler chickens, Growth, Carcass traits, Meat quality, Physiological aspects, Economic efficiency
...
Winda Sartika1*, Budi Hartono2, Hari Dwi Utami2, Lilik Eka Radiati2
...ic through collaboration marketing and supply chain management approaches. Research using the survey method, snowball sampling in the rendang industry with raw beef, and purposive and accidental sampling on the supply chain institutions involved in rendang production. The research respondents comprised 61 respondents from the rendang industry, including suppliers of raw materials, distributors, and consumers of rendang with qualitative and quantitative descrip...
Siswanto Imam Santoso*, Agus Setiadi, Wahyu Dyah Prastiwi
...ssing, business pattern, marketing, technology, and production; the endogenous variable was sustainability. Structural equation modeling (SEM) using TETRAD-IV software was employed to establish the analytical model. The results show that duck farming is sustainable regarding social, economic, and environmental aspects. Medical and technological factors significantly affect production. Social factors, egg processing, technology, and production significantly aff...
Amistu KU1,2*, Monahan FJ2, Wims P2, Yonatan KY1 , Fahey AG2, Takele TA3
...eef cattle fattening and marketing. A cross-sectional study design was used to obtain data from local cattle fattening farmers (n=306) using a semi-structured questionnaire. The majority (94.4%) of respondents depend on the mixed crop-livestock farming activity as a source of income. The major feed resources for beef cattle fattening during the dry season are Desho grass (30.7%), hay (15.0%), and crop residues (14.7%) as basal diets, whereas for the rainy seas...
Iftikhar Ahmad1, Tahir Saeed1, Umair Faheem2*, Qaisar Abbas2, Muhammad Saleem Akhtar Khan3, Mussurrat Hussain2, Tanveer Ahmad4, Gulzar Akhtar4, Asifa Hameed5, Muhammad Hasnain6 and Muhammad Jamil7
...ustify;">The quality and marketing of horticultural crops is affected by the feeding of thrips on plant tissues. Thrips commonly feed upon the gladiolus and different vegetative and floral parts of gladioli are attacked by them. Application of chemical insecticides provides effective control of insect pest in short period of time. The present investigation was carried out on Jasminum sambac against flower thrips for efficacy of insecticides. To conduct this ex...
Adnan Ibrahim Khamis1, Jasim Mohammed Saleh2*, Najwa S. Ali3 and Anwer Thamer Ghaffoori2
...of financing, financing, marketing, and some managerial and technical aspects. These projects will change the behavior of rural youth as they acquire knowledge, skills, scientific and practical experience, adapt to the work environment, and develop the skills to work harmoniously with work colleagues. The researcher also recommends the need to conduct studies on the role of women in these small projects. ...
Adnan I Khamis1, Jasim Mohammed Saleh2*, Najwa Ali3 and Anwer T Gaffoori2
...th the work environment, marketing capabilities, and the ability to create and excel), the study also aimed to identify the determinants that hinder work in agricultural projects. The number is (235) respondents distributed among (5) agricultural divisions, the descriptive approach was used as a method to achieve the objectives of the research. A questionnaire was prepared to collect study data if it included two main axes. The first axis included (8) fields o...
Ahmed, AmalA.; Zein, Salwa N. and Khatab, Eman A. H.
...ed plants were unfit for marketing. It is suggested that control of the disease may be achieved by introducing a celery-free period to break the cycle of virus transmission between successive crops. This work records of the first time the prescience of this disease in Egypt....
Kashif Abdaal, Aneeza Batool, Muhammad Tariq Navid*, Saeed Ahmed, Asma Saleem Qazi, Waseem Safdar, Haidar Ali, Mobeen Ur Rashid, Somia Rafaqat
...stration safety and post-marketing analysis (social and economic concerns). All these steps are important for a vaccine that leads to its success in preventing infectious diseases. It is crucial to address these challenges to make safer vaccines for effective infectious disease control and prevention to save humanity. Addressing challenges in vaccination coverage and gaps is crucial for global health. Vaccines have played a crucial role in global health preve...
Fitrimawati*, James Hellyward
...e as the availability of marketing technologies, facilities and infrastructures, markets, raw material suppliers, business developments strategy, government rules and technological tools development. The number of laborers in the livestock sectors should be a major concern at this time.
Keywords | Competitiveness, Commodity, Leading, Livestock
... 
