Jonas Johansson Wensman1*a, Karl-Johan Leuchowius2,3 a, Jiting Yan1, Anna-Lena Berg4, Liv Bode5, Hanns Ludwig5, Sandor Belak6, Ulf Landegren2, Ola Soderberg2, Mikael Berg6
...rders in a wide range of mammalian animals, possibly including humans. Viral persistence in the brain has been frequently observed, however, the exact mechanisms behind BDV’s ability to establish persistence despite a prominent immune response are not known. Here we have used in situ proximity ligation assay (in situ PLA), a selective tool for studying virus-host protein-protein interactions. BDV P (phosphoprotein) and N (nucleoprotein) have previously b...
Xiangxing Zhu1, Junyu Nie1, Shouneng Quan1,2, Huiyan Xu1, Xiaogan Yang1, Yangqing Lu1, Kehuan Lu1 and Shengsheng Lu1*
...bundant cell type in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS), perform many important neurobiological functions. Although a large number of transgenic mouse models carrying astrocyte-specific transgene expression of transgene have made significant contributions to understanding astrocytic structure and function in vitro and in vivo, evidence suggests that mouse models are limited and sometimes do not fully replicate the complete spectrum of neurological phen...
Muhammad Akbar Khan1,*, Sayyed Ghyour Abbas1, Muhammad Adeeb Babar1, Sabah Kiran1, Ayesha Riaz2 and Muhammad Akhtar1
Sogolo L. Lebelo1,* and Gerhard van der Horst2
...es differences among the mammalian group. The association of these cells with developing cells, and Sertoli cells was established. However, the association of Leydig cells with spermatogenic cells at different stages of spermatogenesis needs further investigation.
...
Wesam Hasan Mohamed Mady1*, Bing Liu2, Dong Huang2, Abdel Satar Arafa1, Mohamed Khalifa Hassan1, Mona Mehrez Aly1, Pucheng Chen2, Yongping Jiang2* and Hualan Chen2
...d sub-cloned into pCAGGS mammalian expression vector under the control of chicken β-actin promoter. The construct was transfected into 293T HEK (Human Embryonic Kidney) cell line for in vitro expression of the recombinant plasmid DNA. The confirmation of H5 protein expression was performed using SDS-PAGE followed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence assays. The humoral immune response was evaluated by intramuscular immunization of specific pathogen ...
Wanchao Zhu1, Qinguo Wei1, Shuyu Xue1, Huanxin Zhang2, Tianshu Lv1 and Honghai Zhang1,*
Farid S. Ataya,1,2,* Dalia Fouad,3,4 Ajamaluddin Malik,1 Nikolaos E. Labrou,5 Mohamed S. Daoud1,6 and Hesham M. Saeed7
...romedarius and other mammalian GSTP1-1 enzymes. Phylogenetic relationship was studied with different organisms belonging to animal kingdom and revealed that CdGSTP1-1 is grouped with the enzyme from S. scrofa. The 3D homology model of CdGSTP1-1 showed similar fold and topology with the porcine GSTpi enzyme. Gene expression analysis in five camel tissues was examined employing real-time PCR. The highest level of transcripts was found in...
Amtul Jamil Sami1,*, Madeeha Khalid1, Rehman Shehzad1, Sana Mughal1 and A.R. Shakoori2
Muhammad Khaled Siddiq1, Ayesha Riaz2, Muhammad Akbar Khan1, Muhammad Adeeb Babar1, Khalid Mahmood1,* and Muhammad Akhtar1
Naveed Akhtar,1,* Riaz Muhammad2, Kausar Saeed2, Muhammad Fiaz Khan1, Muzaffar Shah3, Jehan Zeb2, Shahid Ahmad2, Azam Jan Afridi4 and Aftab Hussain5
...ober 2016 to explore the mammalian fauna of Mahaban and Malka valley of district Buner, KP. The study area was divided into six different localities namely, Shahkot, Shalhodabuna, Sharra, Hanjar, Hkar gata and Muhammad Baig. During this study 10 different species belonging to 9 families, 5 orders and 10 genera of mammalswere identified. The reported species are Naemorhedus goral, Panthera pardus, Sus scrofa, Lepus nigricollis, Macaca mulatta, Canis a...
Nadeem Munawar, Iftikhar Hussain and Tariq Mahmood*
...dentified as destructive mammalian pests of agricultural crops at global level. They cause severe damage to various crops, directly and indirectly, by gnawing, spoilage, contamination and hoarding activities. The current study investigated the occurrence of different rodent species inside the crop fields and at field edges, associated with four major crops (wheat, groundnut, millet and maize) in the Pothwar Plateau. In all four crops, maximum number of rodent ...
Tasneem Ikram1, Asmat Salamat2, Muhammad Akbar Khan2, Muhammad Adeeb Babar*2, Khalid Mahmood2, Rabia Shahid2, Muhammad Akhtar2
Additional Fossils of Sivalhippus perimensis (Mammalia, Equidae) from the Late Miocene Siwaliks of Pakistan
Abdul Majid Khan*
Review report on mammalian dental defect (enamel hypoplasia) in different groups of mammals
...p;Enamel hypoplasia is a mammalian tooth malady characterized by reduction in the
thickness of its enamel. Enamel hypoplasia is an environmental and physiological
stress indicator for the insults an animal has faced during its growth and
development. It also points out the health status of a mammal during different
phases of its life span. The article outlines the dental enamel hypoplasia studies in
low and high crowned mamma...
thickness of its enamel. Enamel hypoplasia is an environmental and physiological
stress indicator for the insults an animal has faced during its growth and
development. It also points out the health status of a mammal during different
phases of its life span. The article outlines the dental enamel hypoplasia studies in
low and high crowned mamma...
Xu Lijie, Obaid Ullah, Liu Haixing, Ihsan Ali, Zhongshu Li* and Nan-Zhu Fang*
...s for the slow growth of mammalian preimplantation embryos. Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) functions in the nuclear regulatory factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant pathways by binding to the promoters of antioxidant genes and regulates the expression of genes that associate with NADPH oxidase. To understand the role of PPARγ in the development of early embryos and define the mechanism responsible for the arrest in development duri...
Muhammad Khaled Siddiq1, Fatima Yousuf Dar1,M. Akbar Khan1, Muhammad Adeeb Babar1,*, Sayyed Ghyour Abbas1, Asra Ghaus1, Musdassir Iqbal1 and Muhammad Akhtar2
...well known for its large mammalian remains, dating to middle Pleistocene, yielded fossils of antelopes. The remains are referred to Kobus porrecticornis, Reduncini gen. et sp. indet. Antilope sp., Sivatragus cf. bohlini, Damalops sp., Caprinae gen. indet. (aff. Capricornis) roylei. These new findings allowed to calibrate the exact stratigraphic position of the species. Sivatragus bohlini, previousl...
Khaled Kaboudi*
...e group. The presence of mammalian and human genetic markers were reported in several H9N2 strains, indicating possible risk for public health. Control of LPAI H9N2 subtype infection is currently based on biosecurity and the implementation of vaccination in some countries. Regional control strategy needs to be performed. Creation of regional surveillance network is highly recommended. ...
Abu ul Hassan Faiz1,*, Fakhar-i-Abbas2, Mehboob ul Hassan3 and Lariab Zahra Faiz1
...ransect method for small mammalian pest, for large mammals spot light count and for birds point count methods were used to determine abundance of each species. The study, documented 10 species of mammalian pests, 13 species of pest birds of maize crop and their population density differed significantly (P≤ 0.05) at study sites. The habitat analysis of study sites and correlation of species with habitat were done through P...
Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,2, Abdul Majid Khan2*, Ayesha Iqbal2, Amtur Rafeh2, Muhammad Tahir Waseem2 and Muhammad Ameen2
...ker in different extinct mammalian taxa to trace out the level of ecological stress faced by these animals during their life histories. We have studied this defect in three extinct Siwalik tragulid species including; Dorcabune anthracotherioides, Dorcatherium majus and Dorcatherium minus. To assess habitat stability for the Neogene tragulids, dental remains from the middle Miocene-early Pliocene, ca. 13.5-4.0 Ma outcrops of the Siwalik of ...
Huanxin Zhang1,2, Hongshuo Tang3, Jun Chen1, Yu Zang1,2, Xuexi Tang1,2,* and Ying Wang1,2,*
Muhammad Asim1, Zaheer Ahmad2, M. Akbar Khan1, M. Adeeb Babar1, Sayyed Ghyour Abbas1,*, Muhammad Khalil Nawaz1, Kiran Aftab3 and Muhammad Akhtar4
Ming-Yan Shi2, Xu-Liang Yan1, Ping-Ping Han1, Yu-Jie Tang1 and Hui-Xia Li1*
...lso present in the adult mammalian body. Previous studies have indicated that Wnt/β-catenin signaling is involved in the regulation of multipotent cell differentiation and is essential for the regulation of adipogenesis. However, the differentially-expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in SMSC adipogenesis induction, and the role of these miRNAs in Wnt/β-catenin signaling, has received little attention, particularly in livestock. In the present study...
Sadaf Aslam1,2*, Abdul Majid Khan2 and Muhammad Akhtar2
Muhammad Shahzad Akbar, Farrukh Sajjad, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Luqman, Muhammad Asam Riaz and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*
Field Evaluation of Promising Botanical Extracts, Plant Essential Oils and Differential Chemistry Insecticides against Subterranean Termites Odontotermes obesus (Isoptera: Termitidae)
...hese chemicals have high mammalian toxicity and environmental hazards. This study was, therefore, aimed to evaluate the efficacy of some promising botanical extracts (Dodonaea viscosa, Gardenia jasminoides and Nerium indicum), plant essential oils (Allium sativum, Citrus aurantium and Cymbopogon citratus) and differential-chemistry insecticides (chlorantraniliprole, chlorfenapyr, emamectin, indoxacarb, pyriproxyfen and triflumuron) against subterranean termite...
Ehsan Kashani1, Hamid Reza Rezaei2*, Morteza Naderi3 and Nematolah Khorasani4
...genetic diversity of the mammalian species and their plasticity in ever-changing environments is emphasized by scientists and conservation biologists. Central deserts and steppes of Iran host a different kind of insectivores like hedgehogs; however, their ecology and genetic properties are rarely documented. For species of hedgehogs that are included in the subfamily Erinaceinae, at least four known species are listed for Iran. Brandt’s (Paraechinus h...
Sadaf Aslam1*, Abdul Majid Khan1 and Muhammad Akhtar2
Muhammad Khaled Siddiq1, Muhammad Adeeb Babar1,2*, Muhammad Akbar Khan1, Muhammad Umar Ijaz3,Sayyed Ghyour Abbas1, Muhammad Asim1, Asif Mahmood Qureshi4, Mahboob Iqbal4 and Muhammad Akhtar4
Hui-Ming Li1, Bi-Ze Yang1, Xue-Jun Jin1,2, Lin-Miao Li1, Hai-Ying Jiang1,
Xiu-Juan Zhang1 and Jin-Ping Chen1*
... endangered and valuable mammalian species.
...
Liyun Chang1, Yingbin Chen1, Qian Kang1, JianhuaQin1,* and Zhiyong Liu2,*
...ses cryptosporidiosis in mammalian intestinal tract. In this study, C. parvum infection model was established in Balb/c mice, followed by extraction of total RNA from small intestine of infected mice at 1, 3, 7 and 14 dpi, respectively. The relative expression of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-6 in the small intestine of Balb/cmice infected with C. parvum, were then detected using Ct value comparison method (RT-QPCR2-Δ&Del...
Amin Arif1, Khizar Samiullah1*, Riffat Yasin2, Bilal Rasool1, Shakila Naz1, Xijun Ni3 and Saleem Akhtar1
... punjabiens with its mammalian paleo-community reveals the persistence of mosaics of diverse habitats ranging from tropical evergreen forest to subtropical ones, closed seasonal woodlands to wooded savannas during the deposition of the Dhok Bun Ameer Khatoon, Chinji Formation.
...
Romaan Hayat Khattak1, Zhensheng Liu1*, Liwei Teng1* and Ejaz ur Rehman2
...ng faced by the reported mammalian fauna from human activities are emphasized.
...
Mei Zhao1,2, Xiaoqin Zeng1, Wancai Xia1, Baoping Ren3,4, Hao Feng1, Fan Wang1, Qihai Zhou5,6* and Dayong Li1,7*
...re the crucial events in mammalian reproduction. However, detailed reports of birth processes and related behaviors in wild nonhuman primates in their natural habitats are rare. Here, we document our observations of birth processes and related behaviors via scan sampling and focal animal samples during the birth of two infant Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus bieti) in 2017. One of the infants was born during diurnal to a multiparous female, while the o...
Mohamed. E. Taha1, Mohamed S. Ahmed2, Ahmed I. Ahmed2, Amany Adel3, Salama Rehab4,5*, Nabila Osman2**
...hogenic, the presence of mammalian binding amino acid markers indicated their public health concern. Overall conclusion indicated that AIV (H9N2) still circulates among poultry farms in the Southern Egypt. Furthermore, isolated strains were closely related to strains of Israel, Middle East and Asia.
Keywords | Avian Influenza, H9N2, Broiler chickens, Real Time RT-PCR, Sequencing.
...
Rahmat Ullah Khan1*, Asif Sadam2, Karim Gabol1, Waheed Ali Panhwar3, Sajid Mahmood4, Mustafa Kamal5, Hamid Ullah6, Syed Abidullah7, Muhammad Tufail8, Bashir Ahmad4, Gul Bacha Khan4 and Habib Ul Hassan1
...loss of nestlings was by mammalian predators and grazing and cutting of local crops. Awareness about the protection strategy of skylark from egg laying till fledging is required among locals and farmers....
Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed*, Aiman Al Mufarji and Sultan Alawaid
...r during these stages in mammalian ovarian follicles to prepare the oocyte for successful maturation, fertilization and further embryonic development. The changes enable the zygotes to overcome maternal zygotic transition stage and follow their developmental competence to fetus. The changes were affected by in vivo and in vitro molecules and factors of the organisms and the surrounding conditions, respectively. Because of the importance of follicular changes d...
Muhammad Younis1, Sami Ullah1, Fathul Bari1, Muhammad Asif2, Muhammad Ilyas2, Mahvish Rauf2, Ejaz Ur Rehman3, Rubina Noor4, Muhammad Arif4 and Muhammad Ali Nawaz5*
...te relative abundance of mammalian fauna of CGNP. During the current study, 30 camera traps (motion triggered camera (Reconyx™) with infrared flash were deployed for a period of 47 days. The survey resulted in 1052 functional trap nights obtaining 5906 photographs. Results of the study show that large carnivores like common leopard, grey wolf, Himalayan lynx are present in the National Park. Snow leopard which used to be a symbol of fame for the National...
Jie Li, Gaofu Wang, Xiaoyan Sun, Lin Fu, Peng Zhou* and Hangxing Ren*
...h this molecule in other mammalian species. And the KITL gene was extensively expressed at 0-, 12-, and 24-month-old goat tissue. Moreover, the mRNA and protein of KITL were increasing at 0-, 12-, and 24-month-old goat skin, which were confirmed by real-time qPCR, western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis. This study provides a theoretical basis for further clarifying the biological function of the KITL gene in goat....
Ghulam Jelani1, Qudratullah Kalwar1*, Asmatullah Kaka2, Abdullah Channo2, Ayyaz Ahmed1, Majid Hussain Soomro1, Hidayatullah Soomro1, Deepesh Kumar Bhuptani1 and Yar Muhammad Jalbani1
...t successful transfer of mammalian embryos in 1890, it was approximately 60 years before significant progress became quite noticeable in the basic technology of embryo transfer in cattle. In embryo transfer process, embryo is collected from superior quality donor cattle and transferred to other recipient female cattle for complete development unless the gestation accomplishes. This technology involves the selection of donor and recipient animals, management fo...
Saleh Aljubran, Shaker Al-Suwaiegh, Yousef Alyousef, Sulaiman Alhajri, Mohammed Alghareeb, Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed*
...ome resource banking for mammalian species. Such biotechnologies allow more offspring to be obtained from selected parents to increase milk and meat productivity, reduce the interval between generations, therapy of diseases and conservation of endangered mammalian species. Practically, current reproductive biotechnologies are species-specific because of differences in estrous cycle, seasonality, structural anatomy, gamete ph...
Saleem Hussain1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Tauqir Anwar1, Talha Nazir2*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed3, Zohaib Asad2,4, Muhammad Adnan3 and Tajwar Alam5
...rsistent and exhibit low mammalian toxicity than synthetic pesticides. This study assessed the toxicity potential of seven local plant species (i.e. parthenium Parthenium hysterophorus L., eucalyptus Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., milkweed Calotropis gigantean (L.) Dryand., bakain Melia azedarach L., neem Azadirachta indica A. Juss., tobacco Nicotiana tabacum L. and thorn apple Datura stramonium L.) against wheat aphid (Schizaphis graminum Rondani) under lab...
TASNEEM IKRAM, FOUZIA SAFDAR, MUHAMMAD ADEEB BABAR, MUHAMMAD ASIM, KHALID MAHMOOD* & MUHAMMAD AKBAR KHAN
MARIAM ZAHEER, KHALID MAHMOOD*, MUHAMMAD ADEEB BABAR & MUHAMMAD AKBAR KHAN
Khalid Mahmood1*, Arslan Lodhi1, Muhammad Asim2, Muhammad Adeeb Babar3 and Muhammad Akbar Khan1
Yakun Ge
...explore the mechanism of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor combined with photodynamic therapy to regulate cancer stem cells through reactive oxygen species (ROS). A2780 cell line was purchased from the American Type Culture Collection and cultured in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 50μunits/mL penicillin and 50μg/mL streptomycin, maintained at 37°C and 5% CO2 in a humid incubator environment. Quantitative analy...
Sri Rahayu*, Muhaimin Rifa’i and Widodo
...mine the role of GFD9 in mammalian ovarian function. We constructed a three-dimensional model of GDF9 using I-TASSER and human GDF9 protein sequences obtained from UniProt. We also analyzed GDF9 gene expression levels using GENEVESTIGATOR. Furthermore, we identified the proteins that interact with GDF9 using the Biological General Repository for Interaction Datasets and investigated their network formation using the STRING database. Finally, we performed a pat...
Muhammad Altaf1*, Arshad Javid2, Abdul Majid Khan3, Sadia Nazer4, Irfan5, Khalid Javed Iqbal6, Muhammad Sultan Haider7 and Sana Ashraf7
...opogenic impacts on wild mammalian diversity around river Chenab in Sialkot, Gujrat and Gujranwala districts, Punjab, Pakistan. The mammalian diversity was recorded from May, 2013 through April, 2014 along forested landscapes, cultivated plantations, semi-urban and urban areas. The data on diversity and distribution of various mammalian species of the study area were collected through line...
Xiao-Wei Huang1,2, Mei-Li Liu1, Jin-Ji Wang1, Yue-Xin Liu3, Zhe Lin1, Chun-Shu Rong4* and Ji-Xiang Ren4*
...otein kinase B (Akt) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the hippocampus were detected through western blotting. In the results, VAP contained 17 kinds of AA, including 7 essential AA, with a content of 394.08 g/kg, the total AA content was 831.55 g/kg. In the OFT, the PIR, VAPH and VAPL groups showed significant decreases in slient period, significant increases in exercise time and behavior path, and center residence time in the PIR and VAPH groups we...
Vladimir Vasilievich Shimalov
KHALID MAHMOOD1*, HAFIZA SAMAN AKRAM1, ZAHEER AHMED2, MUHAMMAD ADEEB BABAR1, SAYYED GHYOUR ABBAS1, MUHAMMAD ASIM1, MUHAMMAD AKBAR KHAN1 & MUHAMMAD AKHTAR3
Farrukh Avais1, Anser Ali1, Hamza Javed2, Muhammad Saleem3, Tehreem Tahir4,
Muhammad Rafiq5,*
...sis which determines the mammalian skin, hair and eye
colour. Hyper-pigmentation leads to various skin disorders like melasma, sunspots, age
spots and freckles. Moreover, abnormal skin pigmentation is a serious aesthetic concern
which leads to psychosocial problems. Thus to achieve melanin inhibition, inhibition of
tyrosinase might be an effective approach. To this end we prepared methanolic (MeOH)
ex...
Ashiq Ahmad and M. Ismail Chaudhry
Hong Chen1,2, Jiawei Liu1,2, Chuan Lin1,2, Hao Lv1,2, Jiyun Zhang1,2, Xiaodong Jia1,2, Qinghua Gao1,2 and Chunmei Han1,2*
...gn: justify;">The unique mammalian appendage antler is a good model for studying tissue regeneration and its related mechanism. This study explored the mechanism of the rapid growth of regenerated antlers after top pruning damage using transcriptome sequencing technology. A damage repair model was constructed by top pruning treatment on the left antlers of three 10-month-old Tarim red deer, and RNA-seq analysis was performed on the Illumina platform to compare...
Abdulaziz S. Alatawi*
...era traps recorded three mammalian carnivores: golden jackal (Canis aureus), grey wolf (Canis lupus), and red fox (Vulpes vulpes). Although red foxes were highly abundant across the surveyed sites, an analysis showed that they avoided sites near highways. The golden jackal is rarely documented in Saudi Arabia and there is a significant lack of information about this species. All three detected wild carnivores are officially protected species in Saudi Arabia. I...
Nan Jiang1,2, Chaochao Luo3, Mingying Shao4, Ziping Zheng4, Qudrat Ullah6, Muhammad Zahoor Khan5,6*, Guangming Sun2, Dun-Zhu Luosang2, Rubina Mushtaq7, Yulin Ma5 and Wang-Dui Basang1,2*
...ignaling activity of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), which promoted the SREBP1 signaling pathway through mTORC1. Further examination by over-expressing or inhibiting SREBP1 or mTOR showed that mTOR promoted TG secretion through the mTORC1-SREBP1 signaling pathway. Moreover, YMECs treated with palmitic acid showed increased expression of RPL8, mTOR, and SREBP1, as well as increased TG secretion. Overall, the study’s findings provide ...
Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed1*, Mohammed Al-Saiady2, Ahmed El-Waziry3 and Tarek Al-Shaheen1
...ction and body health in mammalian species. The present on-farm experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of omega-3 fatty acids sources, extruded flaxseed and salmate, on reproductive performance and biochemical parameters in lactating dairy cattle. Two hundred and sixty-eight lactating cows were blocked by stage of lactation and assigned to three groups, a control group and two treated groups fed diets containing salmate (25 g/head/day) and extruded fl...
