Haq Aman Ullah1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Muhammad Ijaz2 and Aqeel Javeed3
K.N. Ahmed and M.R. Hasan
Sudden outbreak of mealy bug and armoured scale causing severe damage to economic crops in Bangladesh
... sucking pest and mainly feeds on citrus. Its secondary hosts include fig, apple, almond, guava etc. Due to severe infestation, premature falling of leaves occurs. The ber or plum scale, Aonidia ziziphi Rah. was recorded from Rajshahi, Bangladesh as a serious pest of ber or plum plant damaging the leaves and immature fruits during December-January, 2007. The female reproduces parthenogenetically. Due to severe attack of mealy bug, the pericarp of immature frui...
K.N. Ahmed , M.A. Al-Helal, N-E-P. Khanom, S. Bulbul
Control strategies of papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Willink infesting vegetable crops in Bangladesh
...lue. The papaya mealybug feeds on the sap of the plants by inserting its stylets into the epidermis of the leaf as well as into the fruit and stem. In doing so, it injects a toxic substance into the leaves. The result is chlorosis, plant stunting, leaf deformation, early dropping of the leaves and fruits, a heavy accumulation of honeydew and death of the host plants. Heavy infestation is capable of making fruits inedible due to the deposition of thick white wa...
Freeha John, Noor Abid Saeed*, Sajid Nadeem and Muhammad Hamed
...kistan. An aphid complex feeds and signifcantly decrease the grain yield in wheat crop. Field experiment was conducted at NIAB, Faisalabad to evaluate the use of the planting time and the insecticide sprays for managing aphids to avoid losses to grain yield. During the crop season in year 2015-16, wheat variety (Millat 2011) was sown on three planting dates: mid Nov (crop 1), end Nov (crop 2), and mid Dec (crop 3). Trial was laid out in split plot design havin...
Burhan Azam1, Muhammad Naeem Tahir2,*, Faisal Shahzad2, Abdul Ghaffar3, Ghulam Abbas4, Madiha Gohar5 and Saima1
...lability of good quality feedstuffs for the feeding of livestock has been identified as the major hurdles in the development of livestock sector in Pakistan. To improve the poor quality roughages, exogenous fibrolytic enzyme may play important role by enhancing digestibility of fibre. This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of varying level of fibrolytic enzyme in concentrate ration on dry matter (DM) intake, milk production and composition, and die...
A. Hamid1,*, M. Ilyas2 and S. Kalsoom3
...GF compared to the other feeds. The results suggest that BGF and SGF containing the soluble ß-glucan extract can reduce TPC, VLDL, LDL, and triglycerides and higher HDL.
...
Hameeda Kalhoro1, Abdul Malik2,Ghulam Abbas2,*, Illahi Bux Kalhoro3, Sajjad Ali Shah4and Haleema Kalhoro3
...the influence of various feeds on growth increment, body constituents and survival rate of snakehead (Channa marulius) cultured in plastic tanks (42.5 liters water carrying capacity each). Fish juveniles (length: 10.63 ±0.980 cm, weight: 9.030±1.40g) were stocked after acclimatization. A total of 3 treatments were tested following 2 replications i.e. first treatment (T1, Squid feed), second treatment (T2, Tubifex feed...
Saara Ahmad1,*, Iftikhar Ahmed2, Saida Haider3, Zehra Batool3, Fatima Ahmed4, Saiqa Tabassum3,6, Syeda Madiha3, Tahira Perveen3 and Saad Bilal Ahmed5
...red commercially through feeds and battery cages allowing maximum weight gain and growth in considerably less time. The constituents that are fed to chickens concentrate in the flesh and bring deleterious health outcomes on the consumers. The ill effects account for hyper-lipidemias and imbalance in the steroidal sex hormones may result in the development of cysts in the ovaries with resultant difficulties in reproduction. The present study was done on 75 rats...
Anam Javed, Javed Iqbal Qazi*
Skin health implications of Chemical detergents and importance of biodetergents
...tion of bio-waste origin feedstocks would also enhance recycling and energy conservation in the environment. Through the application of biosustainable developments in the field of biotechnology, we would be able to get rid of various long lasting after effects of anthropogenic pollutants and synthetic detergents....
Nursinatrio and Rudy Agung Nugroho*
Zhimin Yuan1, Yan Yu2, Yanmei Wang1, Yanzhen Bu1,* and Hongxing Niu1,*
...Hypsugo alaschanicus feeds on insects and has a wide geographic distribution in China, and people are in frequent contact with these bats. However, assessing the gut microbiota, especially the potential pathogens, is needed for public health. Thus, this study aimed to explore the microbial diversity of the gastrointestinal tract of H. alaschanicus and to estimate the risk to humans caused by the hosted pathogenic bacteria. The 16S rRNA gene V...
S. Jalbani1, N.T. Narejo2,* and P. Khan2
...> with live and prepared feeds in cemented cisterns was initiated for 90 days. The juveniles of experimental fish with mean initial body weight 6.40 ± 1.6 g were procure from local fishing community of River Indus near Jamshoro. Feed regime like live small fish (tilapia), tubifex larvae, chopped chicken viscera and dead small fish (tilapia) were used as live and prepared feed with control. It was observed that the experimental fish fed with chopped chic...
Abdulkareem Mohamed Matar1, Moez Ayadi1,2, Hassen Mohamed Sbihi3*, Imeddine Arbi Nehdi3, Mutassim Mohammad Abdelrahman1 and Riyadh Saleh Aljumaah1
... hay) and three complete feeds with different compositions (CF1, CF2, and CF3). Twenty-four Najdi ewes were randomly divided into four groups (n = 6) after lambing and fed different diets. Milk fat percentage was higher in the milk of ewes fed TF (5.47%), CF1 (4.95%), or CF2 (6.40%); however, milk protein percentage was higher in the milk of ewes fed CF1 (4.29%) and CF3 (4.64%) compar...
Nazir Ahmad Khan1,*, Mudassir Alam1, Rafiullah khan1, Kamran Khan2 and Sadeeq ur Rahman3
...entially used in broiler feeds to reduce the inclusion level and cost of expensive protein ingredients. This study quantified the chemical composition and amino acid profile of grains from newly developed QPM hybrids and evaluated the effect of replacing conventional maize (CM) with QPM in broiler feed on bird’s performance, diet digestibility, nitrogen retention, meat amino acids profile and farm profitability. Grains of QPM200 and QPM300 hybrids, appro...
Nurlybay Kazhgaliyev1*, Talgat Kulmagambetov2, Dulat Ibrayev1, Saule Bostanova1 and Zhanat Titanov1
...es. Chemical analysis of feedstuff was carried out in Altyndan LLP and AKA whereas physiological and clinical indicators of second-generation heifer calves were within the normal range in various seasons. The highest thermal resistance index was in animals of group I and II groups (76.4 and 78.0, respectively). Under the conditions of Akmola and North-Kazakhstan regions, the thermoneutrality or comfort temperature zone for Hereford and Aberdeen Angus breeds wa...
Muhammad Sarmad, Syed Muhammad Zaka* and Syed Muhammad Tahir Abbas Shah
...n crop. Dusky cotton bug feeds on leaves, stems and seeds of host plants. Being a serious pest of many important crops, the present work will study on biology and bionomics of O. laetus on three different hosts Gossypium hirsutum, Abelmoschus esculentus and Helianthus annuus. Shorter nymphal duration was observed on Gossypium hirsutum 20.00±0.14 days as compared to Abelmoschus esculentus 21.0...
Rabia Iqbal, Muhammad Naeem*, Samrah Masud and Abir Ishtiaq
... at three graded protein feeds (15%CP, 20%CP, 25%CP). Eighteen days old fry of hybrid (L. rohita ♀ and C. catla ♂) of 0.12±0.08 average weight(g) and length(cm) 1.63±0.21 were acclimatized and shifted in hapas (8x6x3 ft.), fed at the rate of 5% of their wet body weight. Ten samples from each hapa were randomly selected at the end of three months (90 days trial) for body composition analysis. Mean percent water, ash, fat and protein contents w...
Muhammad Farooq1, Shahid Bashir1*, Irshad Ullah1, Muhammad Nadeem1
FREQUENCY AND POLARIZATION RECONFIGURABLE MICROSTRIP ANTENNA
...sts of two slots and two feeds. In one slot there is a switch. The two feeds are positioned on the right and left
diagonal of microstrip antenna. When the switch is ON the electrical size of antenna becomes small and it resonates
at higher UMTS 2100 MHz band with circular polarization. Similarly, when the switch is OFF then size of antenna
is large and it operates at lower UMTS 1900 MHz band with ellipti...
diagonal of microstrip antenna. When the switch is ON the electrical size of antenna becomes small and it resonates
at higher UMTS 2100 MHz band with circular polarization. Similarly, when the switch is OFF then size of antenna
is large and it operates at lower UMTS 1900 MHz band with ellipti...
Sheza Shehzadi1, Mohammad Umar Farooq2*, Rukhsana Kausar1, Ijaz Ali1*, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3 and Maqbool Shahbaz4
...n the sustainable basis, feedstock for biofuel and also has proven to be environmental friendly. The purpose of this study is to assess the biomass production of mott grass and its capability to sequester Carbon from the environment in the barani areas of Pothwar region in Pakistan. The research study was conducted under rained condition in the field area of Rangeland Research Institute National Agricultural Research Centre Islamabad. In this regard an experim...
Yuanyuan Zhang1*, Liping Song1, Hui Guo2, Jun Wu1, Xiaoli Wang1 and Fangbin Yao1
...mulate five experimental feeds. At the end of the feeding trial, the growth performance was determined. Subsequently, CCl4 was used for the model experiment. The plasma and liver were collected for the test after 72 h. Results showed that there was a significant (P<0.05) increase in weight gain rate (WG) and a special growth rate (SGR) of fish fed feeds supplemented with 60 and 120 mg curcumin kg-1<...
Anila Kousar, Muhammad Naeem*, Samrah Masud, Abir Ishtiaq, Zara Naeem and Rabia Iqbal
...of three dietary protein feeds (15% CP, 20%CP, 25%CP) composed of plant protein ingredients, on elemental concentration in Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT) fingerlings, a developed strain of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Feed preparation criteria was based on cost effectiveness and local availability of cheaper plant protein feed ingredients. Ten specimens were randomly selected from each treatment hapa for evaluating the concentrations of se...
Theophilus Miebi Gbigbi* and Rodney Akpoviri Isiorhovoja
...ere under-utilized while feeds, labour and housing and equipment were over-utilized by the farmers. The elasticity of production was 1.08. This is increasing returns to scale. This paper concludes that poultry farmers were inefficient in the application of productive resources and recommends capacity building on resource use for farmers. We recommend that credit facilities and specific training opportunities on resource use be extended to farmers to enhance th...
Zafer Karslı1,*, Dilek Şahin1, Meryem Öz2, Ünal Öz2 and Orhan Aral2
...riment, six experimental feeds were prepared by adding two different hormones (17α-Methyltestosterone (Mt), 17β-Estradiol (Es) at three different doses (20, 40, 60 mg kg-1) and control feed was without hormone. All six experiment groups receiving experimental diets and control were conducted in 3 replicates in 21 aquariums for 3 months in the first experiment. L. caeruleus were fed orally with these hormone-supplemented
Sudip Debnath1, Dipta Sundar Sarker1, Pankaj Kundu1, Md. Shahin Parvez1, Shaikh Tareq Arafat1, Roshmon Thomas Mathew2, Yousef A Alkhamis2,3, Md Moshiur Rahman1, Sheikh Mustafizur Rahman1*
...omnivorous in nature and feeds on both live and formulated feeds. There is no study assessing the effect of formulated egg custard, live and commercial feeds on the growth performance and survival of swordtail. Therefore, the study was carried out to investigate the effect of a live feed (Tubifex), formulated egg custard, and two commercial feeds (one aq...
Nuzhat Naseem, Sajid Abdullah and Sana Aziz*
...h phytase. Six different feeds were formulated by supplementing different concentrations of phytase. i.e. D1 without phytase supplementation, D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6 with 250, 500, 750, 1000 and 1250 FTU phytase per kilogram of diet, respectively. An experiment was conducted for 2 months. During this experiment, water quality parameters were also examined e.g pH, Dissolved oxygen and temprature. Results were examined by Tukey’s Honestly Significant Differe...
Treatment Approaches of Ovine Fungal Diseases using Antibiotics and Ethnoveterinary Medicinal Plants
Djadouni Fatima* and Meliani Amina
...ct, vectors, air, water, feeds, wastes, and pollution. Environmental conditions play an important role in increasing the spread of disease, which is often found in humid and warm seasons compared to temperate zones and Saharan zones. So through this review article, we try to show the different ancient and modern methods of treating these diseases and to share them with other societies....
Thobela Louis Tyasi1*, Lubabalo Bila2, Nkgaugelo Kgasago3, Siza Mthi4
...redict live body weight, feedstuff consumptions and carcass parameters in farm animals at lesser costs with a high relative accuracy and consistency. This research was performed at the University of Limpopo experimental farm (Syferkuil) to examine the effect of sex on the interrelationship between body weight and linear body measurements in South African non-descript goat kids. A total of 46 new-born South African non-descript goat kids (30 females and 16 male...
Didiek Hadjar Goenadi1,2*, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi3,4, Erkata Yandri3,4, Kiman Siregar5,6, Aris Winaya7, Damat Damat7, Wahyu Widodo7, Ahmad Wahyudi7, Praptiningsih Gamawati Adinurani4,8,
Maizirwan Mel9, Ivar Zekker10, Muhammad Zul Mazwan7, Devi Dwi Siskawardani7,
Endang Dwi Purbajanti11 and Ida Ekawati12
... Palm Oil also serves as feedstock for biodiesel – an environmentally friendly renewable energy. In Indonesia, the palm oil industry plays an essential role in the national economy. However, negative issues in oil palm cultivation bring certain apprehension towards its industrial sector in implementing the concept of sustainable development. To overcome this, the sustainable certification has been developed through the Roundtable on Sustainable Palm Oil ...
Momotaz Khanom*, Sheikh Mustafizur Rahman, Muhammad Yousuf Ali, Md. Shahin Parvez, Al-Hasan Antu, Md. Nazmul Ahsan
...experimental period. The feeds used in treatments did not show any deleterious effect on survival. Physiologically, FF led to significantly higher amylase activity in comparison to other feeds, while protease activity was comparable among the feeds except for DT. The results suggest that formulated feed can be used as a potential substitute for live Tubifex for the early stage of larvae of...
Preparation and Evaluation of Cattle Feed by Ensiling Wet Rice Straw, Market Fish Waste and Molasses
Avijite Sarker, Sharmeen Islam, S.M. Ariful Islam, Md. Rokibul Islam Khan*, Md Mukhlesur Rahman
... color, and hardness) of feeds were improved in treatments with market fish wastes up to 60 days but after 45 days, in T3, fungi and some bad smells were obtained. The pH, dry matter (DM), crude fiber (CF) were reduced and the crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), ash, ME, OMD were elevated significantly with MFW and ensiling time (P<0.05). Comparing the parameters, T2 and T3 were preferable to prepare silages as cattle feed. Finally, it can be summed up ...
Ali Hasan1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1*, Nasreen Muzaffer1, Shamsa Jabeen1 and Ali Hussain2
...r use in modern honeybee feeds....
Maria Endo Mahata1*, Hamdan Sukri Lubis1, Takayuki Ohnuma2, Yose Rizal1
...f Miana plant as poultry feedstuffs. This experiment was administered in a completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor was natural pellet binders composed of brown seaweed Sargassum binderi, taro tubers (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott), and tapioca flour (Manihot utilissima), and the second factor was dosage (1.5; 3; and 4.5%) of natural pellet binders. Each treatment was repeated three times. The measurements were moisture content, s...
Shomaila Sikandar1*, Imran Afzal1 and Sadaf Sarfraz2
...fferent crops and animal feedstock by accumulating in the food and feed crops in the field and during transportation, which leads to the huge economic losses. Presently about 300 types of mycotoxins have been identified, while, aflatoxins, fuminisons, ochratoxins, trichothecenes and zearalenone are the major mycotoxins infecting food and feed crops. Consumption of food contaminated with these mycotoxins can cause severe toxicity in human and animals. Members o...
Irfan Shahzad Sheikh1, Syed Haseeb Shah1, Niamatullah Kakar2*, Mohammad Masood Tariq1, Muhammad Essa Kakar3 and Muhammad Zahid Mustafa1
... are provided in poultry feeds as an additive on sub-therapeutic level. The in vivo study was designed to evaluate the effect of oxytetracycline di-hydrate (OXY) and tylosin phosphate (TP) on different blood physiological and biochemical parameters in broiler chicken. AGPs supplement alone and in combinations were provided as pre-starter (days 1-12), starter (days 13 to 24) and finisher (day 25 to 42) feed. Standard broiler rearing temperature was provided in ...
Sidrah Ashfaq1, Muhammad Nadeem1*, Muhammad Yamin1, Talha Afzal1, Muhammad Waqar Akram1, Rabia Anam1 and Ali Mehboob2
...f 2.54-5.08 cm2 sizes of feedstock was used for gasification. Air was used as a gasifying agent. The reactor capacity was 0.19 m3. The values of performance parameters for wood waste and corncobs were recorded as fuel consumption rate (0.002195, 0.002323) kg-s-1, the volume of gas produced (24.56, 26.33) m3, operating time (5480, 5164) s, cleaning unit efficiency (81.79, 79.9) % and gas yield (2.04, 2.19) m3-kg-1. ...
Sherif Abdelghany1, Hossam Mahrous Ebeid2*, Ahmed Abdelkader Aboamer2, Mohamed Ali Radwan1, Rania Agamy1
...otein ratio and MUN) and feeds samples could help to set new and practical standards that fit small-scale farms at the districts level as well as adapt commercialized diagnostic tools for feeding practices in rural areas.
Keywords | Rural Regions, Dairy Farms, Feeding Practices, Milk Analysis, Milk urea nitrogen, Smallholders
...
Irshad Ahmad1,2*
...ainly depends on the key feedstuffs, fishmeal (FM) and fish oil (FO) that will be limited with the passage of time due to the insubstantial resources available for wild fish harvesting. Therefore, other sources of feedstuffs need to be investigated to substitute FM and FO in aquafeeds. Terrestrial crops can be used to substitutes a portion of the FM however; they can result in changes in t...
Bilal Atta1*, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Syed Sultan Ali1, Muhammad Rizwan2, Muhammad Dildar Gogi3, Muhammad Usman Saleem1, Tahir Hussain Awan4, Tahir Latif4, Mohsin Ali Raza1, Muhammad Afzal5 and Nadeem Rehman6
...ium castaneum preferably feeds on all the components of Basmati 515 as compared to the others. This study might be helpful for the rice millers and researchers for the timely appropriate management, development of new management tactics, and rice cultivars resistant to T. castaneum.
Novelty Statement | This is the first study in Pakistan to test these four varieties (which are being grown on a large area in the Punjab) for ...
Ergi Bahrioglu1, Mustafa Hac Isa2, Sibel Cengiz2 and Ertan Ercan2*
...f culture substrates and feeds. The aim was to determine the utilization of White worm for recycling the fish feeds in case of expiration. The white worms were either given a plant-based diet or a fish feed-based diet (commercial extruded Seabass feed) in four different culture substrates (rice husk, peat, cocopeat, garden soil). There were altogether eight experimental groups with triplicates. The initial stocking density o...
Faustin Dokui1*, Frédéric M. Houndonougbo1, Service G. Djidda1, Venant P. Houndonougbo1, Edith Gangbedji1, Gwladys Menon Agbo2, Sedjro Ludolphe Dedome2, Séverin Babatoundé1, Soumanou Seibou Toleba1, Christophe A.A.M. Chrysostome1
...ck stones based on local feedstuffs improved milk production, prevented body weight loss, and improved the economic return of Borgou cows in the dry season. ...
Sadaf Aman1, Fouzia Tabssum2, Ali Hussain3, Shamsa Jabeen1 and Javed Iqbal Qazi1*
... plant by products based feeds. The study comprised of two experimental and one control groups. In treatment 1 (T1), fish were fed with soybean meal along with L. rhamnosus. In treatment 2 (T2), fish were fed with sunflower meal along with L. rhamnosus. The control group was served with commercial feed. Initial mean weights of the experimental fish was recorded as 40.00 ± 1.00, 40.33 ± 0.76 and 40.01 ± 1.00 g for T1, T2 and control groups,...
MUHAMMAD MUDASSAR SHAHZAD1*, FATIMA KHALID1, MEHWISH FAHEEM2, SYED ZAKIR HUSSAIN SHAH3, SANA BASHIR1 & SYED MUHAMMAD KHAN1
...sion is essential in aquafeeds particularly when low fishmeal levels are used. Fish feed with addition of organic acids lowers the pH of fish gut that ultimately improves the hydrolysis of phytate, improves minerals absorption, upsurges the pace of gastric activities and augment digestion. The present study was designed to judge the effectiveness of Tau supplemented LMS (linseed meal) based diet in enhancing mineral absorption and nutrient digestibility in sel...
HIRA JAVAID*1, MALEEHA MANZOOR2, JAVED IQBAL QAZI3, XIONG XIAOCHAO4 & FOUZIA TABSSUM5
Ovirup Bhushan Paul1, Shodipta Sharma Urmi2, Md. Ashraf Ali Biswas3*
...H between TMR & FTMR feeds at 24h, 48h incubation period. The highest mean digestibility of both TMR and FTMR feed was obtained at 34.78% (34.78±1.28) and 45.91% (45.91±1.09) respectively, at 48h incubation period. Among five replicates of both TMR and FTMR, the highest mean gas production was 74ml (73.8±1.11) and 59ml (59±0.89) respectively, at a 48h incubation period. The digestibility of FTMR was significantly higher than the...
Theresia Nur Indah Koni*, Tri Anggarini Yuniwati Foenay, Stormy Vertygo
...;">Rice bran is a viable feedstuff, but its use in non-ruminant feed is limited due to its high crude fiber content of 14-16%. One of the methods to reduce crude fiber is through anaerobic fermentation, which requires carbon from soluble carbohydrates such as palmyra sap and nitrogen from Non-Protein Nitrogen such as urea. This experiment aimed to evaluate the fermentation characteristics and nutrient content of rice bran fermented anaerobically for six days. ...
Muhammad Arabi Awan1, Hafiz Husnain Nawaz2*, Naeem Akhtar2 and Azmat Ali Awan3
..., is a small insect that feeds on the sap of olive trees. It belongs to the family Psyllidae, which includes other plant-sucking insects. The psyllid can cause significant damage to the olive tree, affecting its growth and yield, and also reducing the quality of the olives produced. A study conducted in 2020 at the agricultural research center in Tarnab, which evaluated the effects of different pesticide treatments on the population of olive psyllids in an oli...
Md. Rashedul Islam1, Abul Farah Md. Hasanuzzaman1*, Md. Latiful Islam2, Ghausiatur Reza Banu1
...ifferent batches. Larval feeds were found mostly contaminated with pathogenic bacteria, especially with pathogenic Vibrio in the production line of the hatchery; hence, special biosecurity measures are needed in this particular component to substantially reduce horizontal transmission of such pathogens in the larvae; particularly axenic live food culture is to be practiced. The knowledge gained from this study will be useful to the hatchery operators taking ap...
Eliseo Pelagio Fernández Ruelas1, Ali William Canaza-Cayo2,3*, Francisco Halley Rodriguez Huanca1, Uri Harold Perez Guerra1, Roxana Churata-Huacani3, Tales Jesus Fernandes3, Ysabel Mendoza Aguilar1
...or 4.5% MOL supplemented feeds, using a completely randomized design with three treatments and 12 replications with five hens each. Laying hens were randomly divided into three groups: Control: no addition of Moringa oleifera leaves, MOL2.5: diets with 2.5% MOL; and MOL4.5: diets with 4.5% MOL. The results showed a significant effect (P<0.05) on productive parameters like feed intake, live weight and feed conversion ratio at MOL2.5. Egg quality characterist...
Roy Malindo1, Hosea Abdiel Duto Wicaksono2, Maskur2, Anuraga Jayanegara3, Osfar Sjofjan4, Siti Chuzaemi4*
...ario returned the higher feedstock, which could supply 100% of the needs for protein and energy, and 96.5% for dry matter by 2029. ...
Bdour Muhammed Al-Shweily1*, Jawad Bulbul Al-Zaidawi2, Muhammed Jubair Hanawi1
...s eggs in the fruits and feeds on them. Consequently, extensive studies and experiments have been undertaken to identify optimal methods for its control. Due to the adverse effects of chemical pesticides on consumer health, particularly human health, the pursuit of alternative safe measures has been paramount. Among the prominent alternatives, biological control has garnered attention, wherein environmentally safe organisms such as nematodes and fungi are empl...
Jaffar Hussain*, Zeenat M. Ali and Syed Farman Ali Shah
...st generation feedstock would create the food shortage. The second-generation yield was comparatively less and from third generation feedstock the process was complicated and expensive. The fourth-generation feedstock produced from genetically modified algae or by artificial photosynthesis in plants to produce the raw material for biodiesel production The fourth generation was n...
MISBAH RAZZAQ, MUHAMMAD RAIS*, MUHAMMAD ARSLAN ASADI, SALEHA ABBASI &
ABDULLAH IBRAHIMv
...he
lizard species feeds on non-woody vegetation such as grasses, herbs
and shrubs and also ingests insects....
lizard species feeds on non-woody vegetation such as grasses, herbs
and shrubs and also ingests insects....
Agha Mushtaque Ahmed1*, Ali Zachi Abdul Qadeer Alhilifi2, Fahad Nazir Khoso1, Muhammad Ibrahim Kubar1, Tehniyat Naz Shah3 and Touseef Ahmed1
.... The plants on which it feeds possess variable chemical and physical properties which may influence its biology particularly for growth and reproduction. This study evaluated the growth and fecundity of S. frugiperda on artificial diets. The FAW larvae were reared on two distinct composed artificial diets (bean D1 and chickpea flour D2) and one natural diet D3 (fresh and healthy maize leaves). In both artificial diets, only the flours were different, while th...
Ram Prasad Ghimire
...ajor sources of roughage feeds for grazing goats. A study was conducted in order to determine the fodder quality of some common pasture browse species among them. The study included the analysis of fodders in the laboratory for nutrient composition, the feeding experiment determining fodder intake and weight gain monitoring in the goats, and a subsequent in-vivo experiment determining the apparent digestibility of fodder nutrients of those browse species. Both...
NAUSHEEN MAZHAR*, ALI IQTADAR MIRZA**, SAHAR ZIA*, ZAYANAH SOHAIL BUTT*, MEMUNA GHAFOOR SHAHID*** & ALI IMAM MIRZA**
... the glacier whose water feeds Hunza River, is also facing retreat due to climate change. Changes in the area under vegetation in Passu village due to Passu glacier retreat have also been estimated using normalized difference snow index (NDSI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) which were also derived from the satellite images. NDSI for snow cover mapping of Passu glacier indicates a decrease of 6.18% in snow covered area (3.0808 km2) of Passu g...
Teedzai Chitura*
...h promoters in livestock feeds. Given these scenarios, animal nutritionists embarked on the quest for the search of alternative and sustainable growth promoters, as a replacement for antibiotics. The application of probiotics in poultry production appears to be an economically feasible alternative. Hence, the present review aims to provide comprehensive information regarding the use of probiotics as a management tool for improving poultry performance while ens...
Javairia Shafi*, Kashifa Naghma Waheed, Zahid Sharif Mirza and Shaista Razaq
...different isonitrogenous feeds (with 0, 10, 20 and 30% replacement of fish meal with) were prepared and fed to juvenile catla for 60 days at the rate of 5% fish biomass. No significant difference (P>0.05) in fish growth parameters and feed efficiency was observed among the treatments. There was no significant difference in apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of dry matter among treatments. Feed ADC (protein) with duckweed at 30% inclusion level was sig...
Maqsood Ahmed and Noor Mohammad
...or poor quality roughage feedstuffs such as
cereal crop residues. Evidenced is presented that
browsing on such trees improves feed intake, animal
performance and overall utilization efficiency of poor
quality roughage. ...
