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Evidence of Clinicopathological Changes during Equine Leptospirosis

Muhammad Luqman Sohail^1,*, Muhammad Sarwar Khan¹, Muhammad Ijaz¹, Muhammad Avais¹, Muhammad Yasir Zahoor², Omer Naseer¹ and Muhammad Usman Saleem³

Identification of Bacteria from Diarrheic foals in Punjab, Pakistan

Ikramul Haq¹, Aneela Zameer Durrani*¹, Muhammad Sarwar Khan¹, Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq², Imtiaz Ahmad³, Amjad Khan² and Mehboob Ali¹

...Foal diarrhea in working equines is reported as the most common cause of mortality. Lahore and Sahiwal districts of Punjab, Pakistan were selected during 2016 for the present study. A total of 616 foals were examined out of which 447 diarrheic foals were sampled for isolation of bacteria. During the study 294 faecal samples (horse n=217, mules n=23 and donkey n=54) were diagnosed positive for bacteria. The overall prevalence of diarrhea was 72.56% with bacteri...

The Equine Influenza Outbreak in Pakistan 2016: Seroprevalence and Geo-Temporal Epidemiology of a Large Propagating Outbreak

Amjad Khan^1,*, Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq¹, Mansur ud Din Ahmad¹, Jawad Nazir¹, Zahida Fatima², Asghar Khan³ and Shahid Hussain Farooqi³

...an extensive epidemic of equine influenza (EI) in October 2015 in equine population. EI is among the OIE or WHO notifiable, contagious equine respiratory diseases. Due to lack of awareness and interest of all the equine industry stakeholders no vaccination against EI is performed, also the information regarding the epidemiology and occurrence of EI is la...

Antimicrobial Properties of Aloe Vera Gel Extracts against Bacterial Isolates from Wound of Donkey

Safia Arbab¹, Rehana Buriro¹, Shams Uddin Bhugio¹, Atta Hussain Shah², Jamila Soomro³,Qudratullah Kalwar⁴, Saqib Ali Fazilani¹ and Waseem Ali Vistro⁵*

...activity of Aloe Vera in equines. The present study was designed to check the antibacterial activity of the Aloe Vera against most pathogens found in the wounds of donkey. For this purpose, two different concentrations 30 µl and 60 µl crude as well as ethanol extract of Aloe Vera were used. During this experiment, total 50 wound samples were collected from donkey wounds. All 50 samples were found contaminated with different bacterial organism, amon...

Performance of Kivircik Sheep under Three Lambing Systems in Two Years

Mikail Arslan¹, Orhan Yilmaz², Bahattin Cak²* and Ahmet Fatih Demirel²

...dditionally, 600 IU eCG (equine chorionic gonadotropin) was administered intramuscularly at sponges withdrawal. Rams remained with the ewes for 3-day from the start of estrus. Estrus rate, lambing rate and litter size were 96.00, 87.50% and 1.70 lamb/doe; 92.35, 85.20 and 1.50 lamb/doe; 78.92, 58.38 and 1.43 lamb/doe for summer, spring and winter seasons, respectively. Survival rates at weaning, birth and weaning weights of lambs were 86.44%, 3.11kg and 17.85k...

Comparing the Efficacy of Multi-Source Serum for in vitro Culture of Equine Achilles Tendon Fibroblasts

Somia Shehzadi¹, Sana Javaid Awan², Maryam Javed¹*, Asif Nadeem¹ and Tahir Yaqub³

...>In-vitro culture of equine Achilles tendon fibroblasts (ATFs) is a feasible method to study hallmarks of tendinopathy, but ATFs should be viable and grown enough. For this purpose proper medium and supplements are required, which contain suitable growth factors for viability of ATFs. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is used extensively in cell culture but being expensive and scarce in availability, its alternatives are needed. This study proposed autologous

Comparative Study between ELISA results and rRT-PCR results for Equine Arteritis virus in Thoroughbred and Foreign Horse Breeds in Egypt

Ahmed F. Afify1, Mohamed A. Shalaby2, Ahmed A. El-Sanousi2 and Amal S. Gaber1

...ill now the incidence of equine arteritis virus in Egypt is still unknown and need

more investigations.This initiated the present study to design a protocol for isolation

trials and characterization of equine arteritis virus from field specimens. A total of

548 samples were collected from governmental and private studs of Arabian horses

and also foreign horse breeds, including ...

Cloning and expression of Equine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein D as a fusion protein in E. coli from a local isolate from El Zahraa Stud for Arabian Horses to be used as a diagnostic antigen for detecting the antibodies either in vaccinated or infected horse

Abd El-Hamid, M.I1, Seham, A.El-Zeedy1, El-Sanousi, A.A2, Reda, I.M2, Nehal, S. Saleh1, Abbas, A.M1

...expected site using anti equine IgG labeled horse radish peroxidase, concluding that the expressed envelope glycoprotein D of EHV-1 (EHV-1gD) could be used as a good candidate for manufacturing of diagnostic Antigen for detection of the circulating antibody either in vaccinated or latent infected horses.

...

Isolation of Field Isolate of Equine herpes virus-1 Based on Molecular Detection and Characterization of Glycoprotein D

Abd El-Hamid, M.I1; Seham, A. ElZeedy1; El-Sanousi A.A2, Reda, I.M2, Nehal, S. Saleh1., Abbas, A.M1

...ancial burden from these equine pathogens is immense. Clinical signs may occur despite the presence of a virus-specific immune response in the horse. The current study focus on outbreak recorded in El Zahraa Stud for Arabian horses during 2014 and recorded officially for the first time by OIE in Egypt by the notification presented by Chairman, General Organization for Veterinary Services (GOVS), Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, the samples collect...

Sequence analysis of Seven Equine Herpes Type 1 Viruses circulating in nonvaccinated Arabian and Foreign horses in Egypt

Nagwa K. Meselhy1, Mohamed A. Abo El-khair1, Basem M. Ahmed2, Sherif A. El-Soally3,

Abdelhamid M. Fares1, Mohamed A. Nayel1 and Hussein A. Hussein2

...icant economic impact on equine industry. It

is a highly contagious pathogen, mainly transmitted by inhalation of aerosols of virus laden respiratory

secretions especially with high population during equestrian events. Reactivation of virus in nonsymptomatic,

latently (silently) infected horses is the main cause of circulation of such virus in horses.

Methods: In the present study, molecular characterization of c...

Pentas schimperiana Utilization Practices as Livestock Feed in Mareka District, Ethiopia

Tilahun Woretaw1, Netsanet Beyero2*, Yonatan Kassu3

..., bull, sheep, goat, and equine, respectively. The drinking mixture of P. schimperiana in milk, and water was higher during the dry season and lowered during the wet season. The estimated biomass yields were 4.34±0.13 kg and 5.56±0.119 kg in the dry and wet seasons, respectively. Further feeding trial experiments should be conducted on live animals especially on a dairy animal for studying the response, for optimal production, productivity, and e...

Gut Parasites of Donkeys and Horses in a Semi-Urban Metropolis, Nigeria

Grace Chinenye Onyishi, Chinedu Ifeanyi Atama*, Fejiokwu Esther Chioma, Ifeanyi O Aguzie, Godwin I Ngwu and Christopher Didigwu Nwani

...tes. In total, out of 47 equines examined, 43 (91.5%) were infected. Out of 24 horses, 20 (83.3%) were infected while all the donkeys were infected (100.0% prevalence). The difference in infection prevalence between horses and donkeys was not significant (χ2 = 4.190, df = 1, P = 0.060). This study revealed that helminthiases is one of the commonest ill-causing factors in donkeys and horses. It is therefore important that strategic treatment of

Fluoroquinolones Resistance Pattern of Escherichia coli from Apparently Healthy Broiler Chickens in Egypt

Mohamed S. Hussein1*, Hanan A. Fahmy2, Ashraf A. Abd El Tawab3

... acid, and 81.9% for flumequine), and lowest rate against levofloxacin (33.3%). A total of 24 isolates, dsplaying high resistance to at least 5 fluroquinolone antibiotics, were then screened for plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes qnrA, qnrB, qnrS, qepA and aac(6′)-Ib-cr by PCR. The results revealed that 22 isolates (91.7%) harboured at least one PMQR gene, with qnrS being the most frequent (83.3%). The qepA, qnrB and aa (6′)-Ib-cr g...

Hematological and Oxidant Antioxidant Status in Recurrent Equine Eczema Of Egyptian Horses

Alaa Jaheen*, Noha Salem, Mohamed El-sherif

...in horses suffering from equine eczema. Thirty (30) horses were included in this study (20 males, 10 females), classified into the healthy control group (n = 10) and the equine eczema group (n = 20). All horses were subjected to a complete physical examination. Blood samples were collected for hematological profile and estimation of serum concentration of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), C-reactive pr...

Uncanny Segmental Molecular Integration of Ahsv and Eev with Btv in Sheep and Goats in Egypt

Mostafa El-Sebelgy1*, Hanafy Madbouly2, Sabry Tamam2, Nagwa Ata1, Kawther Zaher1

...on of some segments from equine viruses AHSV and EEV within BTV genome.

Keywords | African Horse Sickness Virus, Equine Encephalosis Virus, shotgun proteomics, Bluetongue Virus, Egypt.

...

Equine Herpes Virus 4 (EHV4) Investigation in Aborted Egyptian Mares; Molecular Detection, Isolation, and Phylogeny for Viral Glycoprotein B

Omnia Mohamed Khattab¹*, Hala Kamel Abdelmegeed², Mohamed Mahmoud Mashaly¹, Mervat Hamdy¹*, Naglaa Hagag1, Ayman Hamed³, Hanan Aly Fahmy³, Essam Ibrahim⁴, Momtaz Abdelhady Shahein², Elsayyad Mohamed Ahmed²

... involvement of EHV-4 in equine abortion, suggests the possibility that latent virus reactivation in mares could result in abortion due to certain factors, including stress more epidemiological investigation. Whole-genome sequencing is required to address any genetic recombination in EHV-4 associated with abortion cases.

Keywords | EHV-4, Equine, rt-PCR, n-PCR, Sequencing, Phylogenetic analysis...

Immune Response of Pregnant Mares and Their Foals for Inactivated Equine Influenza Vaccine

Ebied, Eman M.; Salem, Zeinab T. and Al-Imam, Hemmat S.

...inactivated freeze-dried equine influenza (El) vaccine, reconstituted in diethylaminoethyle (DEAE) Dextran solution as an adjuvant. It was found that mares developed high haemagglutinating inhibition (HI) titre at 3 weeks post vaccination and remain with protective level up to 6 months, while their foals had moderate (HI) antibodies within 48 hours post colostral suckling, the HI antibodies rise to a level similar to their dams within one to two weeks th...

Edu-Ecotourism Concept of Equine Cortisol Metabolites and Tri/Tetra-Iodothyronine Ratio

Claude Mona Airin¹*, Miyayu Soneta Sofyan², Galy Hardyta³, Khrisdiana Putri⁴, Pudji Astuti¹

Serological Detection of Burkhorderia mallei in Equine

Ali Mohammed Obayes*, Zaid Salah Hussein

...arming seropositivity in equines and warrant future investigations on the prevalence of active infection.

...

Prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Their Virulence Genes in Adulterated Meat Products

Eman Mamdouh Qenawy¹, Mohamed Abou-Ellail¹, Fatma Abdel-Motaal², Mohammed O. Alshaharni³, Nady Khairy Elbarbary⁴*

...chicken, camel, pig, and equine meat in 100% of the beef samples, with rates of 63.9%, 19.4%, 8.3%, and 13.9%, respectively. This research suggests that quality control labs and inspection services can swiftly ascertain the contamination or adulteration of various meat products using these detection techniques. Issues such as contamination during DNA extraction, the presence of inhibitors, and suboptimal PCR conditions can affect the accuracy of results and ar...