Vol. 50, Iss. 3, Pages 799-1198

Re-Emergence of Wheat Seed Gall Nematode (Anguina tritici) in Punjab, Pakistan

Tariq Mukhtar, Abdul Jabbar, Muhammad Usman Raja, Humayun Javed

The objective of the present study was to determine the latest distribution of wheat seed gall nematode Anguina tritici (Steinbuch) in Sargodha division of the Punjab province of Pakistan. The overall incidence of ear cockle of wheat in the division was found…

Comparing Predictive Performances of some Nonlinear Functions and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) for Describing the Growth of Daera Dın Panah (DDP) Goat in Pakistan

Senol Celik, Ecevit Eyduran, Adile Tatliyer, Koksal Karadas, Mehmet Kazim Kara, Abdul Waheed

This study was conducted to evaluate the most suitable nonlinear functions amongst Morgan-Mercer-Flodin (MMF), Logistic, Von-Bertalanffy and Janosheck models, based on monthly records of body weight from birth to 1 year in Daera Din Panah (DDP) goat. Based on…

Effect of Chihua Pumpkin Residue (Cucurbita argyrosperma) in Ruminal Gas Production and Digestibility in vitro

María Magdalena Crosby-Galván, Bernardino Espinoza-Velasco, Mónica Ramirez-Mella

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of chihua pumpkin (Cucurbita argyrosperma) residue in ruminal digestibility and gas production in an in vitro assay. Four treatments were evaluated: a control using a standard diet for ruminants elaborated with c…

Effects of Intrauterine Growth Retardation on Growth, Meat Quality and Muscle Fiber Composition of Pigs

Lili Zhang, Yuanxiao Wang, Yili Kong, Hussain Ahmad, Rui Yan, Li Dong et al.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) on growth, meat quality and muscle fiber composition in pigs. Sixteen piglets with normal birth weight (NBW, body weight (BW) = 1.71 ± 0.04 kg) and sixteen pi…

Prevalence of Overall and Teatwise Mastitis and Effect of Herd Size in Dairy Buffaloes

Abid Hussain, Mansur-ud-Din Ahmad, Muhammad Hussan Mushtaq, Mamoona Chaudhry, Muhammad Sarwar Khan, Michael Reichel et al.

The cross sectional study was carried out to investigate the prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis in dairy buffaloes. The present study was conducted in two districts Lahore and Bhimber Azad Kashmir Pakistan. Total sample size for this survey was co…

Synergistic Impact of Fat Mimetic and Homogenization on Functionality, Texture and Proteolysis of Low Fat Buffalo Mozzarella

Muhammad Umair Sattar, Aysha Sameen, Nuzhat Huma, Muhammad Shahid

Low fat cheeses have increasing demand globally but fat reduction in cheeses has negative impact on the composition, functionality and texture of cheese. The study was planned to investigate combined impact of fat mimetic (guar gum) and homogenization as fat r…

Malaria-Vector Dynamics in a Tropical Urban Metropolis, Nigeria

Grace C. Onyishi, Ifeanyi Oscar N. Aguzie, Christopher D. Nwani, R.N.N. Obiezue, I.C. Okoye

Human malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. The present study explored the dynamics of malaria infection relative to Anopheles mosquito abundance, relative humidity and temperature in Nsukka, Nigeria. Hospital records from…

Cloning and Expression of Truncated Spike (Sf200) Glycoprotein of Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) in Escherichia coli, and its Immunogenicity to Mice

Basit Zeshan, Mushtaq A. Saleem, Javed Iqbal Wattoo, Mohd Mokhtar Arshad, Maizan Mohamed

Complete S1 gene of the Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) was amplified and cloned into transfer vector. Truncated S1 gene designated as Sf200 (containing five antigenic sites located at 24–61, 291–398 and 497–543 amino acid residues of S1 gl…

Anti-Cancerous and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of some Novel Schiff Bases Derived from 2-[(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]-N- [4-(hydrazinecarbonyl)phenyl]acetamide

Aqsa Gulzar, Tariq Mahmud, Rubina Munir, Asma Anjum

The anti-cancerous and anti-inflammatory potential of two novel Schiff bases was carried out by MTT - colorimetric protocol on HeLa cells (cervical disease) and Luminol-improved chemiluminescence assay, respectively. The novel Schiff bases 4a and 4b have been…

Inoculum Doses and Exposure Periods Affect Recovery of Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora from Tenebrio molitor

Ali Murad Rahoo, Tariq Mukhtar, Ali Murad Jakhar, Rehana Kanwal Rahoo

In Pakistan, techniques for mass production of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN) are not yet available and the development and use of EPN mainly depends on the use of host insects such as greater wax moth (Galleria mellonella) for in vivo production. Since G. m…

API-ZYM Enzymatic Profile of Shigella dysenteriae IM Isolated from Drinking Water

Abdul Nabi Jatt, Sarfraz Ali Tunio, Shaista Bano Memon, Abdul Sattar Qureshi, Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto

The enzymatic potential of bacterial species is an essential feature to carry out a wide range of biological and physiological processes, particularly involved in the hydrolysis of complex organic materials. Several pathogenic microbial species utilize enzymes…

Effects of Fermented Cottonseed Meal and Enzymatic Hydrolyzed Cottonseed Meal on Amino Acid Digestibility and Metabolic Energy in White Leghorn Rooster

Xiaopeng Tang, Rong Xiang, Sijia Chen, Shufen Yang, Hu Liu, Rejun Fang et al.

The aim of this study was to study the effects of fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis treatment of cottonseed meal on crude protein (CP), water-soluble protein (WSP), amino acid (AA) and peptide fractions, and the AA digestibility and metabolic energy of fer…

Effects of Natamycin on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Antioxidant Capacity in Broiler Chickens

Zhiping Hu, Hussain Ahmad, Jingfei Zhang, Lili Zhang, Tian Wang

A total of 360 broilers were fed with basal diets (CON group), basal diets supplemented with 10 or 50 mg/kg natamycin (T1 or T2 group) for 42d, respectively. The results showed that alkaline phosphatase in T2 group was significantly decreased at 21d, blood ure…

Differential Impact of Different Land-Use Types on the Population Density and Community Assemblages of Edaphic Macroinvertebrates in District Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan

Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza, Muhammad Afzal, Hafiz Salah-ud-Din, Imtiaz Sarwar, Muhammad Yahya et al.

Edaphic macroinvertebrates constitute an important component of soil belowground biodiversity and play a significant role in soil biological functioning and sustained productivity. As these fauna readily respond to biotic and abiotic perturbations in soil prof…

Comparative Efficacy of Five Commercial Synthetic Acaricides against Varroa destructor (Anderson and Trueman) in Apis mellifera L. Colonies

Muhammad Abu Bakar, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza, Muhammad Arshad, Rashid Mahmood, Ziyad Abdul Qadir

The field experiment was conducted at apiary of University of Sargodha. The coordinates of apiary are 32º13´15.7ʺN, 72 º68´41.8ʺE. The apiary had 24 Langstroth standard colonies of Apis mellifera naturally infested with Varroa d…

Mosquitocidal Activity of cyt Positive Bacillus thuringiensis Isolated from Soil Samples

Rabia Faiz, Dilara A. Bukhari

Bacillus thuringiensis (B.t.) produces parasporal inclusion bodies Cry and Cyt proteins. The present study focuses on determining the insecticidal activity of cyt positive B.t. strains against 3rd instar larvae of mosquito. Larval mortality was noted after 24…

Histological Structure and Mast Cell Distribution of Hedgehog's Small Intestine

Youbao Zhong, Xianlai Zhang, Xiaofen Hu, Yong Li

The small intestine is the major site of animal digestion and absorption; however, little is known about the morphological characteristics of the hedgehog’s small intestine. This study was conducted to investigate the microstructure of the hedgehog&rsquo…

Skeletal Ontogeny and Anomalies in Larval and Juvenile Crimson Snapper, Lutjanus erythropterus Bloch, 1790

Dachuan Cheng, Md Mahbubul Hassan, Zhenhua Ma, Qibin Yang, Jian G. Qin

Skeletal anomalies in farmed fish affect animal welfare and economic return in aquaculture but very limited information exists on skeletal ontogeny and anomalies among species of the family Lutjanidae. This study describes the skeletal ontogeny and anomalies o…

Occurrences of Goat Mastitis and Milking Management in the Oodi Agricultural Region, Botswana

Wazha Mugabe, Gaolebale Segolame Mpapho, John Kamau, Wameotsile Mahabile, Shalaulani James Nsoso, Kealeboga Dipheko et al.

Goat milk production contributes less to Botswana’s dairy sectors with a low annual production of 4 tonnes per year. The objectives of the study were to evaluate goat milk production practices and attributes of goat farmers in the Oodi agricultural regio…

Prevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum in Poultry and Wild Life Birds Suspected of Chronic Respiratory Disease in Northern Pakistan

Nasir Abbas, Muhammad Suleman, Nazir Ahmad Khan, Ijaz Ali, Mubashir Rauf, Sadeeq ur Rahman

Seroprevalence and involvement of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) in cases of chronic respiratory disease (CRD) in poultry and pheasantry birds of Northern Pakistan is underreported. In this study we report on the seroprevalence and isolation of MG from a total…

Therapeutic Effect of Guava Fruit Extract on Cadmium Induced Toxicity in Developing Mus musculus

Asmatullah, Chaman Ara, Shagufta Andleeb, Maha Tahir, Beenish Zahid, Madeeha Arshad

During this study, guava fruit extract was tested for its ameliorative effects on congenital defects induced by cadmium in developing mice. For this purpose, different aqueous concentrations of cadmium chloride i.e. 0.00, 6.25, 12.50, 25.00 µg/g B.W of m…

Effect of Essential Oil of Laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) on Performance, Blood and Fecal Parameters of Holstein Calves during Suckling Period

Shireen Ihsan Izzaddeen, Ali Kaygısız

The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of Laurus nobilis L. essential oil (600 mg/day) on performance and blood parameters of Holstein calves. The study was started with total of 24 calves, randomly categorized into two groups of 12 (6 males and…

Prevalence and Risk Factors Analysis for Cryptosporidium in Apparently Healthy Lambs of Southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Naimat Ullah Khan, Muhammad Hassan Saleem, Aneela Zameer Durrani, Nisar Ahmad, Ayesha Hassan, Muhammad Kashif Prince et al.

Cryptosporidium is considered one of the major gastrointestinal pathogens in young ruminants and has been associated with diarrhea. The current study was conducted in three selected districts (Bannu, Lakki Marwat and Kohat) of southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK)…

Single Nucleotide Polymorphism of Ovine Leptin and Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Gene in Kivircik Crossbred Ewes

Selçuk Kaplan, Sertaç Atalay

Kivircik crossbred sheep in the Thrace region are commonly grown for meat production. The objective of the present study was to determine the polymorphism of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) and leptin (LEP) genes in Kivircik crossbred ewes. Therefore, IGF1…

Effects of Sage Oil (Salvia officinalis L.) on Haematological and Growth Parameters in Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

Fatmagün Aydin, Fatma Burcu Harmantepe

In this study, effects of dietary levels of sage (Salvia officinalis L.) oil on growth, haematological parameters were evaluated on tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). For this experiment, 360 fish (11.81± 0.02 g) were used. Fish were divided into four equ…

Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Composition of Three Strains of Chinese Soft-Shelled Turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis)

Hongwei Liang, Miaomiao Tong, Lihuan Cao, Xiang Li, Zhong Li, Guiwei Zou

Chinese soft-shelled turtles (Pelodiscus sinensis) have been consumed as food and as a medicinal tonic in several countries. The amino acid and fatty acid profiles of muscle and calipash of Huaihe River, Yellow River, and Japanese strains of Chinese soft-shell…

Evaluation of levels of Essential Elements and Heavy Metals in Milks of Dairy Donkeys, Goats and Sheep in Turkey

Nilgün Paksoy, Hikmet Dinç, Serap Kılıç Altun

The aim of this study was to determine the concentrations of Na, Mg, P, K, Ca, Fe, Cu, Zn, Ni, Cd, V and Ba in donkey, goat, and sheep milk samples. Fifty-six individual milk samples were collected from 17 lactating donkeys, 19 goats, and 20 sheeps in three di…

Comparison of Natural Mating and Artificial Insemination on Laying Performance, Egg Quality and Welfare of Fast Feathering Huainan Partridge Chickens

Yan Li, Kai Zhan, Junying Li, Wei Liu, Ruiyu Ma, Shengnan Liu et al.

A comparison has been made between natural mating (NM) and artificial insemination (AI) in fast feathering Huainan partridge chickens. A total number of 360 fast feathering Huainan partridge hens and 40 roosters were randomly divided into two equal groups. For…

Nest size and its Contributing Factors for Black-Necked Cranes Grus nigricollis

Zheng Quan Jiang, Feng Shan Li, Jiang Hong Ran, Chen Hao Zhao, Man Zhang, Hua Li

The black-necked crane Grus nigricollis is the only alpine crane species, whose distribution is restricted to the Tibetan-Qinghai Plateau and the adjacent high altitude areas of China, Bhutan, Pakistan, and India. Study on nest type and size is useful for unde…

Interaction between Nematode Inoculum Density and Plant Age on Growth and Yield of Cucumber and Reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita

Muhammad Zameer Kayani, Tariq Mukhtar, Muhammad Arshad Hussain

The profitable cultivation of cucumber is seriously threatened by root-knot nematodes. As the damaging effects of Meloidogyne incognita have not been assessed on cucumber, therefore, the present studies report the effects of five initial population densities o…

In vitro Effect of L-Tryptophan on the Quality and Fertilizing Capacity of Sperms of Endangered Species of Trouts

Filiz Kutluyer

The present study was focused on determining the effect of L-tryptophan on quality of sperm and its fertilizing capacity in endangered trout Salmo coruhensis, Anatolian trout Salmo rizeensis and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. Different activation media (Na…

Terrestrial Snail Fauna and Associated Helminth Parasites in a Tropical Semi-Urban Zone, Enugu State, Nigeria

Grace Chinenye Onyishi, Ifeanyi Oscar Aguzie, Joseph O. Okoro, Christopher Didigwu Nwani, Ngozi Ezenwaji, Ndubisi Stanley Oluah et al.

The productivity of snails consumed in Nigeria is affected by parasites they harbour. Some of these parasites endanger humans as well. This study was conducted to determine the terrestrial snail species and associated helminth parasites in Ugwueme agricultural…

Differential Regulation of Hsp70 Expression in Six Lizard Species under Normal and High Environmental Temperatures

Wei Dang, Ning Xu, Wen Zhang, Jing Gao, Handong Fan, Hongliang Lu

Ambient temperature is an especially important factor associated with the development and survival of ectotherms. To minimize the effect of temperature variation, ectotherms have developed specific physiological and biochemical adaptations. Heat shock proteins…

Effects of Oral Glucose Administration on Plasma Biochemical Parameters, Insulin, and Hepatic Metabolic Enzymes Activities in Golden Pompano (Trachinotus ovatus)

Chuanpeng Zhou, Heizhao Lin, Zhong Huang, Jun Wang, Yun Wang, Wei Yu

Two doses of glucose (335 and 1670 mg of glucose per kg body weight) were orally administered to golden pompano (Trachinotus ovatus). Plasma glucose and cholesterol level reached its peak 3h after oral administration with high dose of glucose, respectively (P&…

p.Y556C is a Recurrent Mutation in Pendred Syndrome causing Gene SLC26A4 in Punjabi Population

Sana Zahra

Previous studies have reported that Pendred Syndrome (PDS) contributes approximately 4.7-7.2% of recessive hereditary deafness in Pakistani population. More than 367 mutations of SLC26A4 have been reported so far with PDS. Identification of recurrent mutations…

Comparative Effects of Radon Inhalation According to Mouse Strain and Cisplatin Dose in a Cisplatin-induced Renal Damage Model

Kaori Sasaoka, Takahiro Kataoka, Norie Kanzaki, Yusuke Kobashi, Akihiro Sakoda, Yuu Ishimori et al.

Cisplatin (CDDP) is widely used for treating solid cancers; however, it induces nephrotoxicity caused by oxidative stress. Here, we investigated whether radon inhalation has different effects against CDDP-induced renal injury in two mouse strains differing in…

Table of Contents

Growth Characteristics, Metal Uptake and Expression Analysis of Copper Metallothionein in a Newly Reported Ciliate, Tetrahymena farahensis

Muhammad Tariq Zahid, Farah Rauf Shakoori, Soumble Zulfiqar, Khalid A. Al-Ghanim, Abdul Rauf Shakoori

The present study describes the role of a novel metallothionein in copper homeostasis in a newly discovered ciliate Tetrahymena farahensis. The ciliate showed optimum growth at 27±1°C and pH 7.0 to 7.5. The maximum resistance dose of copper for T. f…

Effect of Organic Selenium Supplementation in Diet on Gastrointestinal Tract Performance and Meat Quality of Goat

Saba Parveen Samo, Moolchand Malhi, Javed Gadahi, Yan Lei, Allah Bux Kaciwal, Saeed Ahmed Soomro

Ten cross-bred goats of about 4 months of age and 10.5 kg body weight were randomly selected for the study and divided into two groups (n=5/each). Basal diet given to the animals consist of roughage and concentrate at the ratio of 65:35. Group A was kept witho…

Molecular Cloning and Expression Analysis of Vps26A Gene from Deer Antler Tip of Different Growth Stages

Yanling Xia, Heping Li, Yuntao Liang, Jichen Zhao, Binshan Lu, Di Liu

Retromer complex plays a crucial role in retrograde transport of the recycle proteins from the endosome to Golgi, and Vps26A protein is an important component of the retromer complex. In the present study cDNA sequence of the full coding region of the Vps26A g…

Incidence of Hepatitis B and C Viruses in Thalassaemia Major Patients

Ahmad Farooq, Usman Waheed, Hasan Abbas Zaheer, Abdul Rauf, Abida Arshad, Muhammad Arshad

Thalassaemia is an inherited genetic disorder of haemoglobin. It is estimated that about 100,000 patients are presently suffering from thalassaemia major, the severe form of the disorder. The patients of β-thalassaemia are dependent upon lifelong blood tr…

Purification and Partial Characterization of Superoxide Dismutase from Kidney of Hypophthalmichthys molitrix under Exposure of Metals Mixture

Anum Rafique, Sajid Abdullah, Khalid Abbas, Huma Naz, Wardah Hassan

In this research work Superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme from the kidneyof silver carp(Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) was studied. Fish was divided into two groups. One group kept under chronic exposure of metals mixture (Pb+Cr) for 15 days and other group of fis…

Identification and Genetic Evolution Analysis of One Strain of H3N2 Canine Influenza Virus Isolated from Nanjing, China

Dildar Hussain Kalhoro, Shan Liang, Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro, Shoaib Ahmed Pirzado, Nasir Rajput, Muhammad Naeem et al.

Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 6 dogs with severe respiratory syndrome at the Animal Clinics of Nanjing Agricultural University in 2014. One viral strain was isolated from SPF embryonated chicken eggs. Sequencing analysis of hemagglutinin (HA) and ne…

Effectiveness of Huwa-San TR50 on Tomato Russet Mite Aculops lycopersici (Massee) (Acari: Eriophyideae)

Mahmoud M. Al-Azzazy, Saleh S. Alhewairini

This study evaluated the effectiveness of Huwa-San TR50 against all stages of Aculops lycopersici. This includes its side effects on the associated predatory mite, Neosiulus cucumeris. Huwa-San TR50 is a formulation of hydrogen peroxide, stabilized by the addi…

Geometric Morphometric Analysis of the Morphological Variation among Three Lenoks of Genus Brachymystax in China

Yanxiao Meng, Guihua Wang, Dongmei Xiong, Haixia Liu, Xiaolin Liu, Lixin Wang et al.

The genus Brachymystax mainly distributes in the Amur River and streams of the Qinling Mountains of northern China. There is a debate on the validation of subspecies B. lenok tsinlingensis Li for a long time. Some ichthyologists thought that there should be tw…

Volumetric and Volume Fractional Comparison of the Nasal Structures of the Stork (Ciconia ciconia) and Seagull (Larus fuscus) Using Computed Tomography Images

Burcu Onuk, Murat Kabak, Bünyamin Sahin, Nazan Gezer İnce

The rostral part of the nasal cavity is cooler to prevent the loss of water that is crucial for the fluid balance of birds. This function may be related to the structure of the nose of flying birds. For this reason, we decided to analyze the nasal structure of…

Effect of Natural Vitamin C on Performance and Certain Haemato-Biochemical Values in Broiler Chickens Exposed to Heat Stress

Alaeldein M. Abudabos, Abdullah N. Al-Owaimer, Elsayed O.S. Hussein, Mutahar H. Ali

During hot climates, the supplementation of extra electrolytes or vitamins such as ascorbic acid (vitamin C) to the drinking water or feed of poultry has become a common practice. Broilers are more susceptible to heat stress as compared to other animals. The c…

Feeding Patterns of Two Commercially Important Fish Species Scomberoides commersonnianus and S. tol in the Northern Arabian Sea Coast of Pakistan

Nazia Qamar, Sher Khan Panhwar, Ralf Riedel

Port landing of Scomberoides commersonnianus and S. tol were obtained between July 2013 and June 2015 for stomach content analysis. Analysis of prey composition was done using permutational analysis of variance (permanova), with species, life stage (juvenile a…

Association of Leptin Gene Polymorphism with Growth Rate in Lohi Sheep

Ali Haider Saleem, Khalid Javed, Masroor Ellahi Babar, Tanveer Hussain, Asad Ali, Afzal Ali et al.

Leptin hormone, encoded by LEP gene, has significant importance in regulating various functions like growth, puberty, reproduction and milk production in both animals and humans. The sequence variations have been studied, reported and associated with many grow…

The Net Mineral Requirement for Maintenance and Growth of Dorper x Hu Ewe Lambs

Hao Zhang, Hai Tao Nie, Tie Wei Ma, Zi Yu Wang, Feng Wang

A comparative slaughter trial was conducted to estimate the mineral concentrations and distributions in the main body tissues and the net requirements for maintenance and growth of F1Dorper × Hu ewe lambs. Thirty-five ewe lambs averaging 33.52±0.5…

Refolding of Misfolded Inclusion Bodies of Recombinant α-Amylase: Characterization of Cobalt Activated Thermostable α-Amylase from Geobacillus SBS-4S

Sabah Mansoor, Muhammad Tayyab, Amna Jawad, Bushra Munir, Sehrish Firyal, Ali Raza Awan et al.

The present study deals with the production, refolding and characterization of recombinant α-amylase (AMYSBS) from Geobacillus SBS-4S. AMYSBS exhibited a highest identity of 99.78% with Geobacillus thermoleovorance GTA. E.coli BL21-CodonPlus (DE3) cells…

Impact of Housing System on Health and Rearing of Calves Based on Examination of Nasal Cavity Swabs

Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska, Magdalena Skibicka, Barbara Cioch-Szklarz, Jolanta Karakulska, Karol Fijałkowski, Sonia Hiller

The aim of the study was to analyze calves rearing on the basis of selected parameters of growth in different housing systems with regard to the assessment of microbial flora taken from the nasal cavity of animals. The study was performed on 28 calves of Polis…