Infection with Spodoptera litura NPV Reduces Food Consumption and Weight Gain of Spodoptera litura Larvae
Ghulam Ali1,3, Wopke van der Werf2 and Just M. Vlak1,
1Laboratory of Virology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 629, 6700 AP Wageningen, The Netherlands
2Centre for Crop Systems Analysis, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 430, 6700 AK Wageningen, The Netherlands
3Centre for Agriculture and Bioscience International, P.O. Box 8, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
* Corresponding author: just.vlak@wur.nl
Fig. 1.
Effect of different viral doses (D0=0, D1=104 and D2=105 OBs/larva) on cumulative food consumption of unexposed and exposed infected larvae of S. litura over time. D0-unexposed (control) presented in blue colour, D1-exposed surviving in red colour, D1-exposed infected in purple colour, D2-exposed surviving in green colour and D2-exposed infected in orange colour. The experiment was completed in three replicates. A, replicate 1; B, replicate 2, C, replicate 3; D, replicates combined. The data were pooled in panel d to show the combined effect of replicates. Error bars represent standard error of the mean.
Fig. 2.
Effect of different viral doses (D0=0, D1=104 and D2=105 OBs/ml/larva) on cumulative weight gain in unexposed and exposed infected larvae of S. litura over time. The control (D0-unexposed) is presented in blue colour, D1-exposed surviving in red colour, D1-exposed infected in purple colour, D2-exposed surviving in green colour and D2-exposed infected in orange colour. The experiment was completed in three replicates. A, replicate 1; B, replicate 2; C, replicate 3; D, replicates combined. The data were pooled to show the combined effect of replicates in panel d. Error bars indicate the standard error of the mean.