Indoor Malaria Vector Species Profile and Their Sporozoite’s Rates in Malaria Positive Patients’ Households in Endemic Zones of Kisii County, Kenya
Indoor Malaria Vector Species Profile and Their Sporozoite’s Rates in Malaria Positive Patients’ Households in Endemic Zones of Kisii County, Kenya
Pacifica Chepchumba Bwogo1*, Samuel Mong’are1, Rael Masai1, Dr. Damaris Matoke-Muhia2
ABSTRACT
Background: Plasmodium falciparum is the predominant parasite responsible for approximately 99% of malaria cases in Kenya. Indoor biting by malaria vector plays a significant role in residual malaria transmission; however, the characteristics of the vectors responsible for driving this phenomenon remain unclear. Methods: The present study, investigated the genetically characterized populations and abundance of malaria vectors captured indoors in three chosen endemic sub-counties of Kisii County, Kenya. Results: The research findings revealed a greater abundance of members from the Anopheles funestus group (12.47 ± 6.06) in contrast to those belonging to the Anopheles gambiae complex (4.20 ± 2.08). The identified common malaria vectors exhibited variations in abundance across the selected sites. Kitutu Chache North showed the highest proportions followed by Bonchari and lastly South Mugirango. The collected vector species did not show any presence of Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. Conclusion: Anopheles funestus has been identified as the key vector in malaria transmission, in malaria endemic zones of Kisii County, and it is majorly influenced by human activities. Effective environmental management, particularly through habitat manipulation, has the potential to mitigate malaria transmission in the study area. This is because the expanded coverage of long lasting insecticide nets (LLINs) indoors has caused malaria vectors to have shift in their behaviors.
Keywords | Vector, Transmission, Anopheles, Indoor, Endemic, Malaria.
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