Identification of Bali Pigs Using Body Morphometric and Head Index by Applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Approach
Identification of Bali Pigs Using Body Morphometric and Head Index by Applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA) Approach
Luh Gde Sri Surya Heryani1*, Ni Luh Eka Setiasih1, Ni Nyoman Werdi Susari1, I Made Merdana1, I Gusti Ngurah Bagus Tri Laksana2, I Wayan Nico Fajar Gunawan2
ABSTRACT
Bali pig is an important livestock for meeting the meat needs of the community, especially in the Province of Bali, Indonesia. The characteristics of this animal include a slightly rough black fur, a long snout, curved back, and their stomach does not touch the ground when standing. This study aims to determine the morphometric characteristics and head index of Bali pigs using a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) approach to easily identify the phenotypic characteristics. The samples include 50 Bali pigs that are intensively reared in Musi Village, Gerogak District, Buleleng Regency, Bali Province, Indonesia. The measurement data were analyzed using PCA to reduce and interpret the measured variables. The results showed that the average hip height and width, rump length, body length, shoulder height, chest width and depth, head width and length were 55.68cm, 17.53cm, 10.62cm, 67.40cm, 54.92cm, 17.81cm, 41.24cm, 10.63cm, and 26.26cm, respectively. Furthermore, the result of measuring the index of the female and male heads was 40.76% and 39.41%. The results showed that Principal Component 1 (KU1) and 2 (KU2) had a variance of 5.834 and 1.834, respectively, while the percentage of variance was 58.338% and 18.340%, with a total value of 76.678%. The hip width, shoulder height, and chest width were significantly different (p<0.05) between male and female Bali pigs. In addition, the main characteristics of size for this specie include hip height, rump length, body length, shoulder height, chest width, and head width and length, while that of the shape include chest and hip-width
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