Effect of Insecticides Spartan EC, Appland WP and Bestor10EC on the Pathogencity of Some Soil-Borne Fungi
Effect of Insecticides Spartan EC, Appland WP and Bestor10EC on the Pathogencity of Some Soil-Borne Fungi
Salwan A.Z.J. Allobawi1*, Ali Ajil Al-Haidery2, Malik H. Karem2 and Adeeb Kitab Abdul Zaid Al-Shafiee3
ABSTRACT
The study investigated the impact of the insecticides Spartan EC, Appland WP, and Bestor 10EC on the pathogenic interactions of soil-Borne non-target organisms. The results showed these pesticides stimulated the growth of certain fungi, including Aspergillus terreus and Aspergillus clavatus. Specifically, the application of Spartan and Appland increased the prevalence of A. terreus and Botrytis cinerea, while Bestor enhanced fungal growth to percentages of 53.78%, 74.15%, 30.92%, 45.31%, 8.95%, and 51.94% on solid culture media (PDA). In liquid media (PDB), which was used to measure the wet biomass weight, stimulation effects were observed with Spartan and Bestor on A. terreus, A. flavus, A. clavatus, and B. cinerea. For Appland, significant interactions were observed with A. terreus, achieving biomass increases of 39.91%, 14.54%, 70.62%, 13.16%, 34.95%, 48.35%, 25.83%, 4.02%, and 59.27%, respectively. Furthermore, dry biomass weight measurements in PDB revealed that Bestor promoted growth in all fungi tested, Spartan enhanced all fungi except A. flavus, and Appland stimulated A. terreus and B. cinerea, with growth percentages recorded at 24.39%, 48.48%, 71.21%, 73.91%, 51.16%, 29.54%, 42.42%, 87.50%, 72.72%, 51.56%, and 75.00%, respectively. These results underscore the potential of these insecticides to indirectly influence soil fungal populations, emphasizing the need for further ecological risk assessments.
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