Bioactivity of the Endophytic Bacteria Inhabiting the Egyptian Medicinal Plant Hyoscyamus muticus
Bioactivity of the Endophytic Bacteria Inhabiting the Egyptian Medicinal Plant Hyoscyamus muticus
Noura Sh. A. Hagaggi1*, Marwa E.A. Khalaf2 and Eman A. El Rady2
ABSTRACT
Although medicinal plants provide various biochemicals for pharmaceutical applications, overharvesting may cause their extinction. Therefore, to preserve plant resources, the researchers must consider the microbial endophyte cultures as an alternative route for drug discovery. The aim of this study was to isolate and identify the endophytic bacteria from the medicinal Hyoscyamus muticus (L.) (Egyptian henbane) plant, and investigate their bioactivities. According to the sequences of their 16S rRNA genes, the isolated bacteria from root, stem, leaf, and flower were respectively identified as Bacillus pumilus, Bacillus mojavensis, Bacillus australimaris, and Psychrobacter pulmonis. The ethyl acetate extracts of all bacterial isolates were rich in phenolics, flavonoids, and hydrocarbons such as pentacosane, eicosane, hexadecane, heneicosane, pentadecane, and tetracosane. The extracts expressed an anti-inflammatory potential against the inhibition of protein denaturation by 77–95 % at 100 µg/ ml. Moreover, these extracts displayed strong antibacterial efficacy against Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of the extracts ranged from 47.12± 1.68 to 103.6± 3.8 µM Trolox equivalent/ μg extract, scavenging the 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals by 43.66-90.21 %. This study highlights the potential of the endophytic bacteria associated with H. muticus as substitute producers of plant-related bioactive chemicals with anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant properties. To our knowledge, this is the first study concerning the endophytic bacteria from H. muticus.
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