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Antibiotic Residues of Penicillin and Oxytetracycline in Yoghurt: One Health Needs Paradigm Shift, Legislation and Policy Formulation in Pakistan

Antibiotic Residues of Penicillin and Oxytetracycline in Yoghurt: One Health Needs Paradigm Shift, Legislation and Policy Formulation in Pakistan

Muhammad Ali Raza1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Bilques Bano3, Muhammad Muddassir Ali4, Nazia Rubab5, Syed Tasadak Mehdi6, Muhammad Wasim Iqbal7, Kumay Hassan Akhtar8, Aqeel Raza9, Ujala Fatima Shan10, Muhammad Aftab11

1BE and OE, HQs, Federal Government, Islamabad, Pakistan
2Clinical Medicine Department, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan
3School Education Department, Government of the Punjab, Pakistan
4Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan
5Population Welfare Department, Government of the Punjab, Pakistan
6Children Hospital and Institute of Child Health, Multan, Pakistan
7Massey University, New Zealand
8Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Beijing, China
9Veterinary Science and Technology, FVS, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
10Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan
11Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore, Pakistan
 
Corresponding author: Muhammad Ali Raza

Figure 1:

Diagrammatic view of material and method.

Figure 2:

Yogurt positive as compared to total samples.

Figure 3:

Yogurt overall results in percentage: Positive percentage vs total.

Figure 4:

Yogurt overall results in percentage: Negative percentage vs total.

Figure 5:

Penicillin positive in yogurt.

Figure 6:
Oxytetracycline positive in yogurt as compared to total samples.
Figure 7:

Penicillin and oxytetracycline both positive in yogurt as compared to total samples.

Punjab University Journal of Zoology

June

Vol.39, Iss. 1, Pages 01-134

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