Epoxidation of Pumpkin Seed Oil (Curcurbita Maxima) using Acidic Ion Exchange Resin and its Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study
Epoxidation of Pumpkin Seed Oil (Curcurbita Maxima) using Acidic Ion Exchange Resin and its Kinetic and Thermodynamic Study
Qamar Javed Iqbal1*, Zainab Masood2, Asad Abbas3 and Sidra Munir4
ABSTRACT
The kinetic properties of epoxidized pumpkin seed oil were examined under different parameters. The iodine number of pumpkin seed oil was found to be 108 g I2/100g oil. This oil was epoxidized by 30% H2O2 which acts as oxygen donor and glacial acetic acid which acts as oxygen carrier using inert solvent (benzene) in the presence of acidic ion exchange resin (Amberlite IR-120) as catalyst. The effect of different parameters such as catalyst loading, temperature, stirring speed, molar ratios of H2O2 and acetic acid to ethylenic unsaturated double bond were studied. It was found that maximum Relative epoxy yield (REY) was 68% at temperature 60oC (333 K) with molar ratio of Double bond: Acetic Acid: Hydrogen peroxide (D: A: H) 1.0:0.5:1.5 at stirring speed of 1000 rpm. The kinetics of epoxide formation was studied under different ranges of temperatures i.e. 50oC, 60oC and 70oC.The Activation Energy of reaction was found to be 23.64kj/mol with the help of Arrhenius Equation (ln k = ln ko – Ea/RT). The purpose of this study is to produce highly epoxidized pumpkin oil which can be further utilized as raw material in polymer industry and to discuss its kinetic and thermodynamic properties. The characterization of epoxidized pumpkin seed oil was accomplished by FTIR analysis which shows peak of epoxy group at 845cm-1.
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