Monireh Ahmadi Bani1*, Mostafa Kamali2, Iman Borji3, Soheyla Aslani3, Francis Fatoye4
...lity with open and close eyes in normal subjects during five minutes standing in twenty healthy subjects. The subjects were asked to stand on a force plate for one and then five minutes, respectively. Their stability parameters were evaluated based on the old and new methods. Paired sample t-test was used for comparison between two methods and different conditions (eyes open and eyes close...
Ali Tahmasebi1, Parvin Raji1*, Mostafa Kamali2
Ecevit Eyduran1, Daniel Zaborski2*, Abdul Waheed3, Senol Celik4, Koksal Karadas5 and Wilhelm Grzesiak2
...inuous (head girth above eyes, neck length, diagonal body length, belly sprung, shank circumference and rump height) predictors were utilized. The Pearson correlation coefficient between the actual and predicted BW (r) and root-mean-square error (RMSE) were used as goodness-of-fit criteria, among others. A 10-fold-cross validation was applied to train and test CART, CHAID and ANN and to estimate MR coefficients. The most significant BW predictors were sex, rum...
Francisco J. Ayala
...purpose in nature. Human eyes have a purpose, namely, to see. Teleological explanations are required in biology for (1) goal oriented behavior; (2) self-regulating systems; and (3) the function of organs and limbs. On the other hand, the natural history of evolution does not require a Creator or a planning agent external to the organisms themselves. There is no scientific evidence of any vital force or immanent energy directing the evolutionary process toward ...
Song Jiang1,2, Fa-lin Zhou3, Jian-hua Huang1, Qi-bin Yang1, Li-shi Yang1 and Shi-gui Jiang1,*
... evaluate the effects of eyestalk ablation on feeding, gonad development, and energy conversion of Penaeus monodon broodstock. An experiment of 30 days was carried out on broodstock (average body length 28.4 ± 0.95 cm, average body weight 96.7±6.48 g) with (treatment) or without eyestalk ablation (control), cultivated under a water temperature of 27.0±1.5 °C, salinity of 30–32, pH of 8.0...
Binbin Shan, Yan Liu, Changping Yang, Shengnan Liu and Dianrong Sun*
...m four combined tissues (eyestalk, muscle, intestinal and viscus) using High-seq sequencing technology. A total of 65,703,216 high-quality clean reads were generated to produce 27,850 non-redundant transcripts with a mean length of 918 nt using Trinity and Tgicl software. For homological alignment, 13,083 unigenes had significant hits in Nr database. And then, 10,467 unigenes were annotated into three ontologies: biological processes, cellular components, and ...
Syeda Ain-ul-Batool1, Sadia1, Kathrin Blasius2,3,4, Angela Kaindl2,3,4 and Ghazanfar Ali1,*
...ties, con-rod dystrophy, eyes exotropia, obesity, polydactyly, hypogonadism, and renal abnormalities. Few additional features of BBS also include delayed motor development, clumsiness, anosomia, ataxia, hypodontia, hearing impairment, hirschsprung disease, cardiovascular and liver disorders. So far 21 genes are reported that cause BBS (BBS1-BBS21). A consanguineous family having clinical symptoms of BBS9 is described in current study. Mutation was detected in ...
Aqsa Pervaiz1*, Rukhshanda Afridi1, Zahra Pervaiz1, Rabia Masood1 and Hira Pervaiz2
...n disruption, bulging of eyes, scales erosion, mucous secretion, hemorrhage, color change, slow down swimming, lake of balance, restlessness, swimming side-wise, retardation of opercular movement and quick sudden movements. The fish was anesthetized and liver were removed after 48 and 96 hours for histopathologicalstudies. The histopathological changes observed in liver were degeneration of hemopoietic tissue, destruction of hepatocytes, degeneration of bile d...
Arifa Khan1*, Shazia Erum2, Naveeda Riaz1, Abdul Ghafoor2 and Farhat Ali Khan3
..., flesh color, number of eyes per tuber, sensory evaluation and proximate analysis. Results showed significant differences in all yields and phenotypic quality traits. High sprouting (100%) and plant height was observed in CIP8 (31.60 cm). CIP12 produced more number of tubers/plant (23.4 tubers) with low tuber weight while better average tuber weight was observed in CIP22 followed by CIP13 genotypes (95%) while CIP7 showed minimum sprouting (70%).CIP28 genotyp...
Muhammad Furqan Shahid1*, Tahir Yaqub1, Muhammad Yasin Tipu2, Asim Aslam2, Saima Yaqub1, Aziz-ul-Rahman3, Muzaffar Ali1
... redness and swelling of eyes, sneezing and lacrimation at 3rd DPI that lasts up to 5th DPI. Cross reactivity of antiserum response toH9N2 was compared among reference isolates when challenged in broilers, Partridge origin anti-H9N2 antibodies showed varied hemagglutination inhibition results (4log2 to 15log2) when cross reacted with different antigens, suggesting H9N2 viruses are circulating with different antigenic...
Mustafa Koyun1*and Şenol Çelik2
...athaceum recorded in eyes selected as independent variables. To estimate the MARS algorithm, goodness of fit statistics were examined. In order to determine the most suitable for each individual MARS model, different second, third and fourth-degree interactions were tried. In order to determine the most suitable model, it was taken into consideration that the cross-validity coefficient (GCV), square of error squared mean (RMSE) and Akaike Information Crite...
Weigeng Wen1,2,3, Xu Chen1,2,3, Wang Zhao1,2,3, Qibin Yang1,2,3, Jian G. Qin4 and Zhenhua Ma1,2,3,*
...don after unilateral eyestalk ablation. A total of 240 females (57.0-143.3g) were used as broodstocks in a continuous three-year breeding experiment. After unilateral eyestalk ablation, the relationships of egg and nauplii at the first spawning event and female bodyweight were evaluated. At each spawning, a female could produce 120000-1250000 eggs which hatched into 80,000-950,000 nauplii. The egg hatching rate at each s...
Muhammad Shoaib1, Imran Rashid1*, Haroon Akbar1, Ali Ahmad Sheikh2, Shahid Hussain Farooqi3, Muhammad Asif3, Mumtaz Ali Khan4, Shakeel Mahmood5 and Farhan Anwar Khan6
...), tail (34.56%), around eyes (16.13%), legs (13.36%), ears (11.06%), and flank region (5.76%). This study concludes that Rhipicephalus is the most prevalent tick genus of the study districts. Furthermore, crossbred cattle, young and male animals are at higher risk to tick infestation. The hidden parts of body are infested most by tick infestation.
...
Farhat Iqbal1, Abdul Waheed2*, Zil-e-Huma3 and Asim Faraz2
...length, head girth above eyes,shank circumference, belly sprung, and rump height measurements of beetal goats (1 – 7 years in age) of Pakistan. In order to test the performance of candidate methods, various evaluation measures such as the mean absolute error, root mean squared error, mean absolute percentage error, coefficient of determination and the correlation between the actual and predicted body weights were calculated. A 10-fold cross validation wa...
Chuanfeng Fan1,2,*, Wenguo Feng1,3, Jingchang Yang1,2, Qingchao Chen1,2 and Yu Wang1,4
...oup each with 8 rats, 16 eyes in each group. The content of neurotransmitter amino acids and the survival rate, apoptosis rate and mitochondrial membrane potential of the retinal nerve cells were compared between the three groups. According to our results the contents of free glutamate, γ-aminobutyric acid, taurine, glycine and aspartate were all higher in the induced injury group than in the normal control group, which were significantly lower in the in...
Mehwish Saleem Khan* and Sumama Farooq
...for infections of brain, eyes, ears, digestive tract, respiratory tract and urinary tract. It has become difficult to treat these infections as these microbes have become resistant to variety of antibiotics. Due to multidrug resistance only few choices are left to treat the bacterial infections....
Rahmat Ullah Khan1*, Asif Sadam2, Karim Gabol1, Waheed Ali Panhwar3, Sajid Mahmood4, Mustafa Kamal5, Hamid Ullah6, Syed Abidullah7, Muhammad Tufail8, Bashir Ahmad4, Gul Bacha Khan4 and Habib Ul Hassan1
...ynchronously with closed eyes and a naked body. They opened their eyes on average after 3.27±0.4 days of hatching. Their wing and tail feathers grew on an average of 3.8±0.3 day of age. On the 8th day, their average morphometry (cm) was: body length 6.7±0.1, wingspan 4.8±0.1, tail feathers 0.8±0.7, beak 0.7±0.3, chest 2±0.1, legs 2.02±0.5, middle claw 0.2±0.04, h...
Eye Color Frequency and IrisPlex Validation in Pakhtun Population Living in Shangla Valley, Pakistan
Murad Ali Rahat1*, Muhammad Israr2, Hakim Khan1, Ishtiaq Hassan1, Mohammad Islam1 and Muzafar Shah3
...an blue and intermediate eyes color individuals. Moreover, Irisplex system predicted 100% blue and brown eye color while issue in predicting in intermediate eye color. The data of the current study indicated the six Irisplex SNPs the rs16891982 and rs1800407 SNP are significant association with eye color. Conclusion: This study showed that the most prevalent human color traits among Pakhtun population of Shangla was brown eye color and the IrisPlex system accu...
Ahmad Zaman, Azhar Rafique*, Farhat Jabeen and Tayyaba Sultana
...ollection of data. Naked eyes and binocular telescope (10x50) were used to count the birds and camera was used to photograph the birds. The study area was divided into two major landscapes types such as open field area (agricultural land, river Chenab sides, canals and cemeteries) and built up area (settlements, residential neighborhoods, and institutional grounds). We recorded 87 species of bird of 70 genera belonging to 39 families representing 16 ord...
Owolabi Olutunmise Victoria1*, Saka Olusola Stephen2, Olashinde Oluwaseun Ruth1, Alli Smith Yemisi Rufina3
...;">Numerous body organs (eyes, liver, kidney and testes) eventually suffer damage as a result of elevated blood glucose levels, which are a defining feature of the metabolic disorder known as diabetes mellitus. Researchers are in search for safe drugs that can bring a total recovery from diabetes. Thirty (35) male wistar rats were divided into six (7) groups of five animals each to study the antidiabetic and antioxidative properties of young Cola acuminata lea...
Bushra Ainy Dars1*, Naeem Tariq Narejo1, Muhammad Hanif Chandio2, Hamida Narejo3, Majida Parveen Narejo4, Faheem Saddar5, Ghulam Dastagir6, Ghulam Abbas7 and Shahnaz Rashid7
...and the diameter of fish eyes and mouth gape were examined. No significant difference between male and female was noted; though, there was a small variation in the percentages of lengths such as standard and anal fin, which were greater in females (85.0 and 15.3 percent, respectively) than in males (83.2 and 10.6 percent, respectively). The length of the head, the width, the pectoral fin, the pelvic fin, and the dorsal fin were all bigger in males (90.76, 70.3...
Mohammed A. Ali1*, Firas A. Alhasson1, Thaer A. Mohsin2
...pattern. ...
Saliha Bashir*, Muhammad Shafique, Muhammad Shahzad, Muhammad Sohail Anjum and Ahmad Ali Shahid
...istan. Digital images of eyes and skin were examined by investigators to determine color using Fitzpatrick Phototype Scale. Similarly, iris patterns were characterized by Edward iris feature software and association studies were conducted through SPSS program. Intermediate eye color was frequent in KPK (44%) while brown was higher in Punjab (47%). Contrarily, light to medium brown skin color was recurring (55%) in Punjab whereas lighter skin color prevailed in...
Sedef Selviler Sizer1, Semih Kurt1*, Burcu Onuk1, Gokmen Zafer Pekmezci2 and Murat Kabak1
...ing soft tissues such as eyes, brain and muscle. This current manuscript has revealed the advantages of the hydrogen peroxide application in whitening and degreasing bone materials and killing remaining beetles at the end of the process on skull materials cleaned by Dermestes beetles....
