Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
... The nematode population densities were measured by determining the number of galls and egg masses, juveniles and eggs per root system, and reproduction factor. Four initial populations (Pi) (500, 1000, 1500, and 2000 eggs) mixed with antagonistic fungal conidia levels (1×103, 1×104, 1×105, 1×106) were used during the experiments. The roots were stained with Phloxine B, the egg-masses were quantified, the root systems were rated for gal...
Zafar Waheed, Khalid Usman, Iftikhar Ali
...dentatus sown at varying densities in association with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under field conditions. The experiment was conducted at Agronomic Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan in randomized complete block design having three replications during 2013-2014. The treatments comprised of wheat + Rumex dentatus 0 plants m-2 (T1), wheat + Rumex dentatus 05 plants m-2 (T2), wheat + Rumex dentatus 10 plants m-2 (T3), whea...
Mohammad Raoofi and Mohammad Taghi Alebrahim
...nterference in different densities of alfalfa on yield, nutritional value and some morphological traits of alfalfa, forage crop, as factorial and based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in two cuttings during 2013-14 crop years. The experimental treatments were weed interference and non-interference in two levels (hand weeding and non-hand weeding) and plant density in four levels (20, 40, 60 and 80 stems per square meter). The resu...
Zain-ul-Aabdin Abro1*, Naheed Baloch1, Niaz Hussain Khuhro2, Waseem Akbar Qazi2, Noor Abid Saeed3
...cantly higher population densities of B. cucurbitae were observed during the 4th week of May on L. acutangula (339.4±22.59) and lowest (11.0±0.45) during1st week of January. Similarly, in case of M. charantia and L. siceraria statistically higher densities (334.6±22.76, 333.2±20.13) of B. cucurbitae was observed on 4th week of May and lowest (9.4±1.60, 7.6±1.72) on the 1st week of Ja...
Qunhua Han1,2, Meiwen Zhang1,*, Cong Guo2, Xunjun Zhou1, Bo Li1 and Yong Wang1
...Yangtze voleat different densities were calculated. Results showed that at different stages, the growth of the pups was density-dependent, while during the adult age, was independent of the presence of other individuals. The difference of hind foot length (HFL) between groups was not significant from day 21 while the body weight (BW) difference was significant or highly significant from birth to day 79, for body length (BL), it was significant from day 2 to da...
S. Shahid Shaukat*, Mian Sayed**, Aly Khan, M. Azhar Khan* and Babar Qazi***
...y reduced the population densities of all three nematodes. Carbofuran was most effective against all the nematodes. Apart from other three treatments, Tridax procumbens emerged as an effective phytonematicide. Helicotylenchus indicus, Rotylenchulus reniformis and Meloidogyne incognita had similar population density levels and were more or less equally suppressed by all the treatments in the order: Carbofuran > Tridax procumbens > Fertinemakil Plus > W...
Rabeea Tariq*, Khalid Mahmood Qureshi*, Imran Hassan*, Muhammad Rasheed* and Usman Shaukat Qureshi*
EFFECT OF PLANTING DENSITY AND GROWING MEDIA ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF STRAWBERRY
...enhouse using high plant densities and various media may be a viable alternative to openfield production system. Planting density can be increased thrice by using different production systems. Studies were conducted to see the impact of different planting densities and media on growth and yield of strawberry. The treatments were T = Control, with normal planting distance of 30 cm x 1 60 cm and growing media silt, sand and fa...
Ehsanullah*, Muhammad Amjad Shahzad*, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum*, Ali Zohaib*, Muhammad Ishfaq* and Ejaz Ahmad Warraich*
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOWING METHODS AND PLANTING DENSITIES ON GROWTH, YIELD, FIBER QUALITY AND ECONOMIC EFFICACY OF COTTON
...ing methods and planting densities. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the influence of different sowing methods and planting densities on growth, yield, quality and economic returns of cotton. Sowing methods included pit planting (1 m × 1 m pits), bed planting (75 cm apart beds), ridge planting (75 cm apart ridges) and line sowing with varied inter row spacing (25, 50 and 75 cm). Sowing methods significantly...
Syed Haider Abbas*, Ayesha Tahir**, Muhammad Asim***, Muhammad Sohail* and Riaz-ud-Din*
PRODUCTIVITY AND PROFITABILITY OF WHEAT PAK-13 AT DIFFERENT SEEDING DENSITIES UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS
...an assortment of seeding densities planted at NARC, Islamabad during the rabi season of 2014-15. The experiment was done under Randomized Complete Block Design and was replicated four times having six different seeding densities (SD1: 50, SD2: 75, SD3: 100, SD4: 125, SD5: 150 and SD6: 175 kg/ha) The analysis revealed that the highest chlorophyll contents (49.5), number of tillers/m (240), biological yield (7125 kg/ha), and g...
Muhammad Zameer Kayani1,*, Tariq Mukhtar2 and Muhammad Arshad Hussain3
... five initial population densities of M. incognita on growth and yield of cucumber and nematode reproduction. All inoculum densities caused significant reductions in growth and yield of cucumber and were found to be positively correlated with the latter. On the other hand, ages of plants at inoculation had negative correlations with reductions in these parameters at each inoculum density. The production of galls was f...
Muhammad Khalid Mukhtar1,*, Hummaira Iqbal1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2, Haseena Ghulam Muhammad1 and Muhammad Irfan1
...ogaster in different densities. C. citricola increased prey consumption as the prey density was increased. Insecticide treated C. citricola consumed less prey as compared to control. Effects of chlorpyrifos on the prey consumption of C. citricola were more drastic than bifenthrin. It was also recorded that at low prey density, predation by C. citricola was delayed as compared to higher prey densities
S. Jalbani1, P. Khan2 and N.T.Narejo2,*and Y.M. Jalbnai3
...ust 2016. Three stocking densities with 10, 20 and 30 fish/1.25m2 cemented cisterns were maintained and growth of fish was observed. Significantly highest growth in terms of weight gain was recorded with density of 20 fish /cistern (26.4 g) as compared with cistern containing 10 fish (11.7 g) or 30 fish/cistern (8.8 g). The survival and specific growth rates were also found highest in cistern II with 20 fish (100% and 0.48) followed by cistern I wit...
Muhammad Naveed Afzal1, Muhammad Tariq1*, Muhammad Ahmad1, Khuram Mubeen2, Muhammad Ayaz Khan3, Muhamamd Umer Afzal4 and Shakeel Ahmad5
...experiment, two planting densities (8.88 and 4.44 plants m-2) were assigned to main plot and four nitrogen rates (0, 50,100 and 150 kg N ha-1) were kept in sub plots with three replications. The PD was maintained by altering the within plant spaces keeping the row spaces (75 cm) constant. The results indicated that significant PD X N interaction was observed for plant biomass components i.e. the high PD (8.88 plants m-2) with 0-N produced 16.80%, 25.07%, 21.54...
Dur-E-Shahwar1,2, Riaz Ahmad Sheikh1, Nazia Jamil2*
...he basis of high optical densities of 0.7, 70% oil and grease reduction potential and maximum CFU/ml of ≥3 ×106. The weights in g/l of biosurfactants produced from F1, F3, F20, F23 and C16 were 0.52, 0.93, 1.58, 0.52 and 1.56 respectively. F20 showed maximum biosurfactant production of 1.58 g/l. F1, F3, F20, F23 and C16 showed emulsification (%) of 6.00, 6.33, 6.66, 6.00 and 6.33 and Rf-values of, 0.6, 0.61, 0.6, 0.64 and, 0.61 respectively...
Ajmal Khan Kassi1,*, Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
...ieties. Contrarily, hair densities on leaf midrib and leaf lamina were comparatively less in case of comparatively resistant varieties as compared to intermediate resistant and comparatively susceptible varieties. With one exception in each category, no significant differences were observed regarding area, moisture, thickness of leaves and fruit length of okra varieties. The leaf area was slightly greater in comparatively resistant varieties. Similarly, fruit ...
Farhana Gul1*, Dawood Jan1 and Muhammad Ashfaq2
...od and increasing sowing densities were three-major adaptation practices whose benefits were analyzed. The adaptation results indicated that adopters of adaptation technology would range from 33 % to 74.47 % in Dera Ismail Khan and 62 % to 65.18 % in Peshawar. Before adaptation, poverty rates would range from 23 to 28.90 percent in D.I.Khan while from 19 to 28.62 percent in Peshawar for all GCMs. These findings concluded that proposed adaptation strategies co...
Yuyu Wang, Gangchun Xu*, Zhijuan Nie, Quanjie Li, Nailin Shao and Pao Xu*
...e the effect of stocking densities on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, digestive enzymes activity and antioxidant status of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) reared in an in-pond raceway system (IPRS). Fish (initial average body weight: 35.68±2.12g) were randomly allotted to in-pond raceways (26.2m×5m×2.5m) stocked at two stocking densities (68 and 114 fish/m3, resp...
Muhammad Saeed1,2,*, Tariq Mukhtar1 and Malik Abdul Rehman3
...hat influence population densities, and to devise effective management strategies. In the present study, seasonal fluctuations in the population densities of T. semipenetrans were studied in two citrus orchards naturally infested with citrus nematode during the year 2014. The effect of soil temperature was also evaluated on the populations of the nematode. The nematode populations differed significantly at both the so...
Hafrijal Syandri1*, Ainul Mardiah2, Azrita3 and Netti Aryani4
...nd. Fish were stocked at densities of 10, 15 and 20 fish/m3 in synthetic sheet pond with three replicate. Fish were fed with commercial feed containing 29% crude protein and gross energy of 3,340.50 kkal/kg of feed and cultured for 90 days. The physicochemical parameters of water were always at satisfactory levels for fish culture throughout the experiments except for NH3-N (0.05 mg/L) and NO2-N (0.02 mg/L): water temperature...
Bhandari Jyoti1,2, Yasen Shali3, Zhang Zehua4, Yao Xiaoho5, Deng Jiang3, Zhang Yaling5, Wang Cuiling5, Li Yang5, Lei Xueping5, Wang Wenfeng5, Mohammad Farooque Hassan6 and Li Can1,*
...t and highest population densities in meadow were recorded in early May and mid June respectively whereas in farmland lowest was recorded in late June and highest was in early June. The average population density in meadow was 3.1 m-2 and in farmland was 4.52 m-2. Reproduction takes place during summer (June/July), generating two incomplete generations a year in meadow and one generation a year in farmland. The Iwao’s M*-m regressio...
Ali Asghar1*, Tariq Mukhtar1, Muhammad Usman Raja1 and Asim Gulzar2
...arly, at higher inoculum densities, the reductions were the maximum in all these parameters. Significant variations were observed in number of galls and egg masses per root system in response to both the pathogens applied individually and in combinations. Maximum numbers of galls and egg masses were observed where nematode was applied alone. Significant reductions in galls and egg masses were recorded where nematode and the bacterium were applied in combinatio...
Farid Ullah Khan·
PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF VIBRATION-BASED ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY HARVESTER DUE TO REDUCED AIR DAMPING
...an: normal;">in power densities for EMEH-l and EMEH-2 respectively.
M. Rizwan Gul*
COMPARISON OF THE OF MECHANICAL AND WEAR BEHAVIOURS OF DIFFERNT TYPES OF POLYETHYLENES AND THE EFFECT OF RADIATION CROSS-LINKING ON THESE BEHAVIOURS
...LDPE show low cross-link densities. Cross-linking induces brittleness in the materials except in case of LDPE, and improves wear rate of LDPE and UHMWPE. However, the wear rate of HDPE increases with cross-linking.
... 
Ijaz Ahmad* and Bakhtiar Gul
Shapon Kumar Bashak1, Alok Kumar Paul1, Md. Akhtar Hossain1, Usman Atique2,3*, Sonia Iqbal3, Md. Najim Uddin1, Asrafi Mohammad Farhaduzzaman4, Md. Mojibar Rahman5, Md. Shahanul Islam6
...three different stocking densities of T1 (9880 cuchia/ha), T2 (14820 cuchia/ha) and T3 (19760 cuchia/ha). The results divulged that the physicochemical water quality factors varied significantly in different ponds. Similar was the case with the mean outcomes about the final body weight, net weight gain, specific growth rater (SGR), fish survival rate, and net yield. The final body weight varied significantly from 274.53 ± 1.93 in T3 to 349.40 ± 1...
M. Azam, Iqtidar Hussaian*, Ghazanfar ullah, A.A. Khakwani, M.S. Baloch, K. Waseem, M. Amjed Nadeem and M.K. Javaid
...ting dates and seedlings densities on fine rice variety “Super Basmati” at Agronomic Research Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan during 2017. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized complete block design with three replications, because of two factors and four levels of each; split plot design was carried out. Main plots were assigned seedlings hill-1 viz. 1, 2, 3 and 4 seedlings, while sub-plots were of four diffe...
Muhammad Mohsin Javed1*, Muhammad Azhar Nisar2 and
Muhammad Usman Ahmad2
....9 W/m2 power densities and 569 mV of open circuit voltage. The results showed that NaCl, at its optimum level, plays an important role in increasing the bioelectricity and sustaining the internal resistivity. Six different pH parameters were subjected to check the effectiveness of the treatment on the power production. The maximum power production achieved at pH 4.5 i.e. 70.5 W/m2 of power density at external load of 200 Ω. Which r...
Abbas M. Al-Azab1*, Ahmed A. Zaituon2, Khalid M. Al-Ghamdi3, Fahd M. Abd Al Galil4,5
...ut the year in different densities depending on the climatic conditions and the effectiveness of the breeding sites. The density of adult were 2.61 (Ghuleel), 2.55 (Al-Jameiah), 2.25 (Al-Balad), 2.47 (Al-Safa) and 1.86 (Al-Nazlah Al -Yamaneyyah). Whereas the density of immature stages were 5.03 (Ghuleel), 4.01 (Al-Balad), 2.48 (Al-Jameiah), 2.38 (Al-Safa) and 1.91 (Al-Nazlah Al-Yamaneyyah) at the level of significance (P< 0.05). The density of immature stag...
Nzube Thaddeus Egboka1*, Olajire Fagbola2, Ugochukwu Nnamdi Nkwopara1, Nnaemeka Henry Okoli1, Akaninyene Isaiah Afangide1 and Tochukwu Victor Nwosu3
...in the Laboratory. Spore densities of AMF varied significantly (P > 0.05) between the fallow and cultivated (cassava and pineapple) land use types in both locations. Across the soil depths, however, AMF spore density decreased significantly with depth in Ibadan, with mean values of 54±6, 45±3 and 39±5 spores 100 g-1 soil at the 0–15, 15–30 and 30–45 cm, respectively. In Ikwuano, there was no significant differences amo...
Luu Huynh Anh1, Huynh Tan Loc2, Nguyen Hong Xuan3, Le Minh Thanh1, Trinh Thi Hong Mo4, Ly Thi Thu Lan5, Nguyen Trong Ngu1*
...y of lesions and E. coli densities in the heart, liver, and spleen of chickens treated with MHH6 and PR2 phages were greatly decreased in infected chickens. After 98 days, the body weight of birds from the E. coli-infected groups treated with MHH6 and PR2 phages was lower than individuals in non-E. coli-infected groups (1,313-1,324 g/bird) but higher and significantly different from those in the PC group (1,172 g/bird). The majority of commercially important t...
Iqtidar Hussain1, Haroon Shahzad2*, Sami Ullah2*, Muhammad Jawad Nazir1 and Muhammad Rizwan3
...he parameters about weed densities before and after weed management and other agronomic parameters including grain yield. Relative weed densities of Cyprus rotundus L., Eleusine indica L., Cynon dactylon L., Trianthene portulacastrum L., convolvulus, and other miscellaneous weeds were registered before and after weed management. Results indicated that chemical control significantly best over control (No Treatment) after hand...
Amina Batool1*, Saba Aleem1, Ali Nawaz1, Muhammad Imran Khan1, Waheed Arshad1, Muhammad Aslam2, Shiraz Ali3 and Muhammad Zeeshan3
...ferent levels of seeding densities in pots and the other at field area of Barani Agricultural Research Station, Fateh Jang at four discrete levels of seeding density of 80, 100, 120 and 140 kg ha-1, respectively. The experiment was laid down using a RCBD with three replication and four treatments. Different seed rates and genotypes significantly affected all plant traits except days to 50% heading, plant height and germination percentage. Contrarily, the inter...
Muhammad Hanif Chandio1,2*, Naeem Tariq Narejo2, Muhammad Farooq Hassan3, Faheem Sadar4, Nasiruddin Shaikh1, Bushra Ainy Dars5, Ghulam Abass6, Asma Fatima6 and Shahnaz Rashid6
...stan. Different stocking densities were determined such as 10, 15, and 20 fish/m2were selected and placed in different treatments (I-III) with two replicates Fish were fed all parts of chicken (APC) with 10% of their body weight. The results of the growth trial indicated moderate variation among the treatments that, 10 fish/m2in T-I exhibited maximum growth (64.6 g) with 100% survival ratio as compared to other treatment (II and III), 15 fish/m2 (35.0 g with 9...
Muhammad Riaz Gondal1,2*, Sobia Ijaz1, Nauman Ali1, Muhammad Saeed Ashraf1, Muhammad Naeem Khan1, Muhammad Arshad3, Muhammad Arif1, Jamil Akhtar4, Naeem Iqbal1 and Bushra Zulfiqar5
...eturns from all planting densities revealed significant differences. The results indicated that 15 kg ha-1 seed rate produced maximum values of heads m-2 (462.50) which was at par with 17.5 kg ha-1 (450.0 m-2), tillers m-2 and enhanced forage production 2.85% over control (i.e. 20 kg ha-1). Higher grain production (0.85 t ha-1) was noted by seeding rate 17.5 kg ha-1, nevertheless, it was at par with control. The economic data revealed a highest benefit cost ra...
Rafiq Ali Khan1, Sajjad Ahmed1, Salim Raza2* and Shehla Gul1
...r potential and fracture densities increases towards the Kohat Sub basin and frontier regions of Samana Ranges. The Kohat Sub basin and adjoining areas are contributing more than 50% of to the current oil production of Pakistan.
...
Yasir Hameed, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Shahzaib, Muhammad Sarmad, Muhammad Farrukh Hamid, Syed Muhammad Zaka*, Khalid Abbas and Muhammad Zakria
...of 24h at different prey densities (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50). Functional response of three larval instars was calculated using a logistic regression model, where handling time (Th) and attack rate (a) that calculated by using Roger random predator equation. The results revealed that all the predatory stages show a type II functional response and consumption rate increased with the increase in prey density for the first, second and third larval instar of C. carn...
Yasir Hameed, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Shahzaib, Muhammad Sarmad, Muhammad Farrukh Hamid, Syed Muhammad Zaka*, Khalid Abbas and Muhammad Zakria
...of 24h at different prey densities (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50). Functional response of three larval instars was calculated using a logistic regression model, where handling time (Th) and attack rate (a) that calculated by using Roger random predator equation. The results revealed that all the predatory stages show a type II functional response and consumption rate increased with the increase in prey density for the first, second and third larval instar of C. carn...
Yasir Hameed, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Shahzaib, Muhammad Sarmad, Muhammad Farrukh Hamid, Syed Muhammad Zaka*, Khalid Abbas and Muhammad Zakria
...of 24h at different prey densities (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50). Functional response of three larval instars was calculated using a logistic regression model, where handling time (Th) and attack rate (a) that calculated by using Roger random predator equation. The results revealed that all the predatory stages show a type II functional response and consumption rate increased with the increase in prey density for the first, second and third larval instar of C. carn...
Lei Zeng1,2,3,4, Pimao Chen1,2,3,4, Zhenzhao Tang1,3,4, Jie Yu1,2,3,4 and Guobao Chen1,2,3,4*
... the variation of nekton densities between A (48529 ind/km2) and B (30220 ind/km2) was not significant (P= 0.17). Therefore, the ecological effects evaluation of AR merely based on density assessment is not sensitive enough. Shannon-Wiener diversity (Hˊ) and Pielou evenness (Jˊ) in group A (2.74 and 0.78) were significantly higher than that in group B (2.3 and 0.7), implying an obvious ecological restoration effect of AR. Furthermore, crustaceans such as Alp...
M. M. A. Youssef† and W. M. A. El-Nagdi
...>The effect of different densities of eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) on the reproduction and population density of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita was studied under screen house conditions. It was found that there is a positive correlation between eggplant density and population density of root-knot nematode, M. incognita in roots i.e., when number of plants in the same pot increased (1-4 plants/pot), a higher number of nematode juveniles in plant r...
H. M. Hassan, M. M. Tantawy*, A. M. Younes and M. O. Sayed
... in nematodes population densities, frequencies, biomass and importance values in different Districts during 2012 and 2013. Root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne spp. was the most prevalent genus in the entire plant parasitic nematode community having highest relative frequency (0.78 and 0.83) in both years, respectively. The lowest relative frequencies (0.31 and 0.40) were recorded for Hoplolaimus spp., and Longidorus spp., in 2012 and 2013, respectively, Helicotyl...
C. C. Famina1†, A. Usman2 and M. K. M. Nasser1
...ccurrence and population densities of plant parasitic nematodes in soil
samples associated with banana (Musa paradisiaca), a survey was conducted in the Kondotty Taluk of Malappuram
district, Kerala, India. A total of 12 genera of nematodes including six commonly occurring nematodes in the banana
rhizosphere, three new records from banana and one new unidentified genus were obtained during the su...
W.M.A. El-Nagdi and M.M.A. Youssef†
...knot nematode population densities in intensive cropping system.
...
A.E. Ismail† and A.M. Kheir*
...Likewise, the population densities of the
previous stages declined gradually even though in the presence of the non host crop (Meskawii Egyptian clover).
...
Rahim Bux Vistro1*, Mashooque Ali Talpur1, Irfan Ahmed Sheikh1, Muneer Ahmed Mangrio2, Rajish Kumar Soothar1, Mian Noor Hussain Asghar Ali3,4, Imran Ali Dhamach4, Muhammd Urs Mirjat1 and Abdul Saboor Soomro2
...18-19, for different dry densities under soil compaction treatments C1, C2, and C3, the soil penetration resistance values were 1.10 MPa, 0.81 MPa, and 0.40 MPa, respectively. The reduction in soil EC1:5 was determined in the without-compaction/control (C1) plots under both cropping years. However, substantial change in the soil EC1:5 was observed in compact treatment three tractor wheel passes (C2) and six tractor wheel passes (C3) plots. Generally, a slight ...
A.E. Ismail and M. M. Mohamed
... the nematode population densities in various stages. But, SM treatment with their rates ranked statistically in the second category. However, the three levels of CM treatment achieved the third category in managing the nematode. All treatments significantly improved infected sugar beet growth including yield and TSS %. There were positive correlations between the evaluated concentrations and the obtained reduction in numbers of the nematode stages and also al...
A. Khan, B. Nawab, S. S. Shaukat, M. A. Samad and J. K. Tareen
...igated on the population densities of three nematodes and yield of chilli. The populations of Meloidogyne incognita,
Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1, Imtiaz Khan1*, Ijaz Ahmad1, Javed Khan2, Shahid Sattar1, Bashir Ahmad Khan1 and Muhammad Salim1
...hat with increasing prey densities, the number of aphids consumed linearly increase and then become static after attain the asymptote level at certain densities were 25, 35 and 70 aphids per first, second and third instar larvae. The life table’s immature stage survival and female fecundity rate revealed that the stage of eggs had the greatest death rate, at 12%, followed by pre pupal stage. The lowest mortality was ob...
Ahmed El-Sayed Ismail
...Likewise, the population densities of the previous stages declined gradually, even in the presence of the non-host crop (Egyptian clover CV. Meskawii)....
Shiferaw Demissie Tola1, Diriba Muleta2, Fassil Assefa2 and Beira Hailu Meressa1*
...tain nematode population densities is crucial in deciding whether or not to cultivate pepper and selecting the most suitable management strategies. To understand the relationship between the initial nematode density (Pi) and the final nematode population (Pf), and the damage potential of Meloidogyne incognita to var. Dinsire, a study was conducted under greenhouse conditions. A geometric series of 13 initial densities (0, 0....
Franciscus Rudi Prasetyo Hantoro1,2,*, Dwi Sunarti1, Turrini Yudiarti1, Sri Sumarsih1, Rini Nurhayati2
...sisted of three stocking densities (10, 14, and 18 birds/m2) and three levels of crude protein (14, 16, and 18%) factorially (3×3) which were arranged in nine treatments and four replications. Treatment and data collection were carried out at the age of 29-70 days. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with a factorial Group Random Design. The results showed that stocking density and crude protein levels had no impact on the blood profile, number of lactic acid...
Daniel Offiong Etim1*, Idorenyin Asukwo Udo2, Rosemary Anietie Bassey1, Victoria Barrong Ogar1 and Etim John Umana1
...hoderma at various spore densities were significantly (P<0.05) inhibited root galling and nematode population more than single application. The combination of T. viride at 2.65 x 107 spores/ml or T. harzianum 2.40 x 107 spores/ml with 20 t/ha poultry manure produced okra with the least GI (2.00). The combination of Trichoderma species with poultry manure significantly (P<0.05) enhanced growth, dry matter accumulation and fresh pod yield. ...
Pratap A. Divekar1,2*, Sampat K Patel2, Guru Pirasanna Pandi G3, Manimurugan C2,4, Vikas Singh2 and Jagdish Singh1
...ined by comparing larval densities of each insect species, immature and adult of natural enemies, crop damage ratings and marketable yield in insecticide treated versus untreated control plots. Spinetoram 45 and 60 g a.i. per ha recorded significantly higher larval population reduction (>80%) with least crop damage ratings (˂ 2) for both the insect pest population. Spinosad, emamectin benzoate, indoxacarb and chlorantraniliprole were also the found best tr...
Abdul Haseeb1, Yasir Iftikhar1, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan1*, Safdar Ali2, Rana Binyamin3, Salman Ghuffar4 and Muhammad Usman Ghani5,6
...in and Bhera. Population densities of nematode were assessed in different genera of citrus crop i.e. kinnow, sweet orange, feutral’s early, grape fruit and sweet lime, both in healthy and declining orchards. Whitehead and Hemming tray method was used for the isolation of T. semipenetrans which showed that the population was low in declining orchards as compared to the population densities found in healthy orchards. Kin...
Igor Ponjiger1, Milutin Kovacevic1*, Vladimir Markovic1, Zoran Ristic1 and Vukan Lavadinovic2
...habitats, the population densities have decreased throughout Europe since the 1960s. Previous research reported field size to be one of the most important predictors of the hare population. We aimed to assess the effect of habitat heterogeneity and structure on hare habitat selection i.e. population density. Using hunting organization census data we explored the population density and habitat preference of the European hare in spring 2020 in the hunting ground...
Gilmar Jesús Cañarte-Cañarte1, Ernesto Gonzalo Cañarte-Bermúdez2*, José Bernardo Navarrete-Cedeño2, Luis Fernando Díaz-Toral1, Carlos Eddy Alvarado-Zamora1 and Fernando David Sánchez-Mora1*
...ty BRS-336. Twelve plant densities were used: 55 556, 37 037, 27 778, 50 000, 33 333, 25 000, 45 455, 30 303, 22 727, 41 667, 27 778 and 20 833 pl ha-1, with single row planting arrangements. A randomized complete block design, in factorial arrangement (A x B), with four replications was used. The variables recorded were daily height increase (cm/day) in budding stage, plant height (cm), stem diameter (mm), crop canopy closure (days), internode leng...
Pradeep Shah1*, Shrawan Kumar Sah2, Komal Bahadur Basnet2 and Mina Nath Paudel3
... strip. The data on weed densities, weed biomass, yield and yield attributing characters of rice were collected and analyzed using MSTATC statistical software. The data revealed decreasing weed density with increasing days of knockdown of Sesbania. Significantly lower weed densities were recorded when Sesbania was knockdown at 42 DAS as compared with 21 and 28 DAS at all dates of observations and in both years 2015 and 2016....
Amir Ehsan1*, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Amjed Ali1
...44, 66 and 88 plants m-2 densities of each of Echinochloa colona and Digera arvensis laid out in randomized complete block design. Augmented densities of E. colona (0, 22, 44, 66 and 88 weed plants m-2) enhanced its plant dry biomass up to 348 and 353%; and relative competitive index maximally to 80 and 77% in years 2015 and 2016, respectively. While the corresponding increases in plant dry weight and relative competitive in...
Naeema Khatoon Khaskheli1 , Muzafar Hussain Sirohi11, 2,*, Ameer Ahmed
Mirbahar1, Abdul Razak Mahar1, Mumtaz Ali Saand1, Mirza Hussain3
...s with relatively higher densities
include Digera muricata (Amaranthaceae), Trianthema portulacastrum (Aizoaceae), and
Corchorus olitorius (Malvaceae). The weed community was dominated by annual herbs. The
community composition among the study sites was highly comparable. The study found a
lack of weed management practices across the sites.
...
Shahida Bibi , Khan Bahadar Marwat , Gul Hassan , Barkat A. Khan
Nabeel Ahmad Ikram , Asif Tanveer, Muhammad Asif Shehzad, Tasawer Abbas and Rao Muhammad Ikram
Umm-e-Kulsoom, Jaweria Gul , Tamana Bakht and Saima Kanwal
Manufacturing of particleboard from paper mulberry (Brosonatia papyrifera) wood Tanvir Ahmad Qureshi
Tanvir Ahmad Qureshi
...alue....
M. Khan and M. Kleine
...ture stands of desirable densities, are the result of two years of protection from fire and biotic factors.
Strong indications could be found for a substantial
reduction of the regeneration period which would lead to
an increased productivity of these forests. ...
Wulf Killmann
...not dry batches of mixed densities. Preservation: all timber In exterior use and/ or with ground contact
should be (preferably pressure) treated for pressure treatments, the material should be dried below fiber saturation point logs for power poles have to debarked and then dried under shelter at least 4months before treatment. Utilization: choose carefully timber of right
density for the product envisaged....
Anjum Amin and Raja Mohammad Ashfaque
...locations for delimiting densities, dominance and frequencies. Five plant communities i.e., Depression community (indicated
by Acacia modesta Cannabis sativa), Level ground community (Acacia modesta-Cynodon dactylon), Foot hill community (Acacia modesta-Themeda anathera), Hill slopes community (Acacia modesta-Dodonaea viscosa) and Hill tops community (Acacia modesta-Lantana camara) were recognized on the basis of physiognomy...
Jan Muhammad1*, Muhammad Zubair Khan1 and Haroon Khan2
...tic weeds’ average densities and velocities of water flow were recorded for six months for every fifteen days. The water flow velocities were measured at each incrustation at depths of 0.2, 0.6, and 0.8 meters, and the channel’s width was divided into intervals of 0.5 meters. An analysis was conducted on the data to investigate the fluctuations in the cross-sectional velocity profile, aiming to understand better the velocity changes induced by the ...
Luqman1*, Zahid Hussain2, Tamana Bakht3, Miftah-Ud-Din1, Haroon Khan2, Muhammad
Rameez Khan1, Ata Ullah1 and Faraz Ali Shah1, Imtiaz Khan2 and Abdul Majid Khan Dawar2
...elative
weed densities, relative weed frequencies and importance value indices were Convolvulus
arvensis, Rumex crispus, Poa annua, Galium aparine, Avena fatua, Trianthema
portulacastrum, Silybum marianum, Sorghum halepense, Euphorbia helioscopia, and Lolium
tenulentum species. The Importance Value Indices for these weeds were 14.01, 13.96,
13.07, 11.83, 11.57, 11.12, 10.35, 10.09, 10.02, and 9.99, re...
Hasina Basharat1, Muhammad Ramzan Ali2*, Aziz Ahmed2, Muhammad Zubair Anjum1 and Shamim Akhter1
...mization of the stocking densities in earthen ponds of African catfish is necessary for efficient management, increase in fish production and to maximize the return on investment. So, this study was carried out to investigate the influence of various stocking densities on the production and economic character of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in Pakistan. After the successful transportation and acclimatization of Afric...
Istna Mangisah*, Lilik Krismiyanto, Vitus Dwi Yunianto Budi Ismadi, Mulyono Mulyono, Nyoman Suthama, Fajar Wahyono
...s kept in different cage densities. A total of 140 7-day-old male Tegal ducks with an average body weight of 130.83 ± 7.54 g/head were placed in 20 experimental units in stilt cages following a completely randomized design procedure, 5 treatments, and 4 replications. The research ration was prepared with an EM content of 2900 kcal/kg and 18% crude protein. The treatments tested included T0: density of 5 ducks/m2 + basal ration, T1: density of 5 ducks/m2...
Fatima Kanwal
...87% of the weeds and had densities of 1.82%, 1.82%, and 1.71%, respectively. Species of Amaranthus viridis were found to be 37% prevalent, with the highest density of 10.40%. and was only determined in the Karachi region while Stinging nettle (Urtica dioica) was found to be less common with a 0.07% density and a 60% prevalence. The highest diversity of weeds was found in the crops of tomato, maize, and alfalfa. Another aim of the study was to have the insights...
Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1*, Muhammad Sikander Hayyat, Muhammad Zeshan Maajid, Mubashar Nadeem and Amjed Ali
...atments included varying densities (0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 plant m-2) of Convolvulus arvensis. The weed densities were maintained by thinning the excess weed seedlings one week after crop emergence. Wheat variety Galaxy was sown as a test crop. Results exhibited that increasing densities of C. arvensis increased its dry weight m-2 but reduced its plant height. A significant reduction in wh...
Khalil1*, Ridho Kurniawan Rusli2, Montesqrit2, Andri3
... increased crude ash and densities of fishmeal and inhibited the increase in moisture content, protein degradation, and the development of bacteria during storage. Using fish meals containing 3 and 6% CMSM in the diet improved egg production and feed utilization efficiency of laying quails. In conclusion, the calcined lake mussel shell meal could be used 3-6% to improve fishmeal storage stability and nutritional values.
Keywords ...
Auras Muhi Taha*, Ibrahim Ahmed Ibrahim, Hassanein Abduladeem, Mohammed Qais Yassen, Omaima Khalid Ahmed and Tabark Najim Abdul-Allah
...t on soil uses and plant densities based on Landsat sensor data. The results showed that the very severe drought type dominated throughout the study period, followed by the severe drought type, while the moderate drought type was constantly decreasing with alternating drought periods, and he significant differences between drought level rates over 35 years. This study indicated a decrease in SAVI values over thirty-five years, i.e., the absence of a large port...
Jiaojiao Wang, Peng Pan, Tingting Wu and Jianhua Hou*
...efforts to reduce insect densities....
