Muhammad Luqman1,3, Raheel Saqib2*, Xu Shiwei3 and Yu Wen3
...designed to find out the barriers which limit the active participation of both the genders (men and women) in agricultural operations and also towards gender disparity in agricultural extension. Agriculture comprises of a number of farming activities, where both men and women are involved in multiple diverse nature of field operations. Inspite of their high contribution in farm and non-farm activities, there exist gender disparity with reference to agricultura...
Ghulam Sadiq Afridi*, Abdul Saboor**, Zahoor-ul-Haq***, Sultan Ali
Tariq**** and Muhammad Ishaq*****
EXPLORING POTENTIAL AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR PAKISTAN'S COTTON EXPORT
...low tariff and nontariff barriers) for cotton export. Greater export potential lies with Malaysia, Kenya, Jordan, Thailand, Mauritius, Netherlands, Norway, Australia and Russian Federation for export of cotton, however, export potential for cotton has been exhausted with Canada, France, India, Iran and Saudi Arabia. The study provide the policy information that countries of Latin America, Eastern Europe, Central Asia and Northern Africa are virgin for export. ...
Sobia Faisal1*,Qurat-ul-Ain Ahmad2, Maleeha Manzoor3, Madiha Manzoor4, Faisal Rifaq5
Socio-psychological factors related to tuberculosis diagnostic test seeking behavior in Pakistan
...d perceived benefits and barriers
explain the relation between the socio-psychological factors and low treatment
seeking behavior of TB patients. Inadequate knowledge and misconceptions about
susceptibility and severity of TB disease is contributing towards low health seeking
behavior. Further, false beliefs and distrust in treatment are the perceived barriers,
which decrease motivation for...
explain the relation between the socio-psychological factors and low treatment
seeking behavior of TB patients. Inadequate knowledge and misconceptions about
susceptibility and severity of TB disease is contributing towards low health seeking
behavior. Further, false beliefs and distrust in treatment are the perceived barriers,
which decrease motivation for...
Syeda Beenish Bukhari1, Sidra Khalid1*, Shahid Bashir1, Riffat Mehboob2, Humaira Waseem2
...nducted to determine the barriers of immunization among mothers attending Pediatric and Gynecological Department of the Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore. For this, 150 mothers were selected randomly; relevant data were collected through pre-tested questionnaire. Data were tabulated and analyzed with the help of SPSS version 21.0. Results of current study showed that barriers to complete vaccination course were lack of informati...
Haidar Ali1, Malik Muhammad Shafi1*, Himayatullah Khan1 and Hamra Haidar2
... that there should be no barriers for the entrance of small farmers in to the non-farm sector (rural). This involves improving the educational level in rural areas. ...
Gulfam Hassan1*, Ijaz Ashraf2, Muhammad Qavi Irshad3, Shafiq-ur-Rehman Zia2 and Muhammad Idrees4
...ficiency are some common barriers in low productivity of vegetables in Pakistan. This study assesses strengths and weaknesses of trainings conducted by public sector extension in peri-urban areas of Faisalabad, Pakistan. Two hundred and eight vegetable growers were interviewed using a validated and reliable interview schedule. Findings reveal that cooperation of training staff was ranked first followed by use of simple and familiar words during training sessio...
Haidar Ali1*, Malik Muhammad Shafi1, Himayatullah Khan1 and Hamra Haidar2
...irstly, for removing the barriers to the entry of the small farmers into the rural off-farm sector efforts should be made. It demands better educational level in rural areas. Secondly, there should expansion in agricultural wages in rural area. ...
Mehnaz Safdar and Urooba Pervaiz*
Constraints in Accessing Agricultural Extension Services by Rural Women: Evidence from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...nded. Similarly, various barriers were identified having significant impact on the probability to attend trainings. Results indicated that women extensively felt the need and interest for trainings. The study concluded that women farmers’ access to agricultural extension services are very limited, very less extension trainings were arranged for women farming community hindering women in getting desirable field production. Various cultural constraints i.e...
Ye Ge1,2,3, Qiucheng Yao1, Hongliang Chai3, Yuping Hua3* and Guohua Deng2*
...y to cross interspecific barriers and have the potential to infect mammals. We analysed the level of cytokine expression in response to four H6 AIVs in CEFs and DEFs using real-time PCR. The results showed that the viruses from wild birds could induce a higher level of cytokine expression in CEFs than in DEFs. These findings suggested that H6 AIV in wild birds, especially migratory species, play an indispensable role in the spread and reassortment of AIVs and ...
Chibuzo Uzoma Izuogu1*, Robert Ugochukwu Onyeneke1, Loveday Chukwudi Njoku1, Gillian Chidozie Azuamairo1 and Mary Chikerenma Atasie2
Repositioning Nigeria’s Agricultural Extension System Towards Building Climate Change Resilience
...ed the opportunities and barriers for agricultural extension system towards building climate change resilience. Results show that climate change has adversely affected agricultural extension practice in Nigeria by worsening its operational environment. Changes in rainfall pattern have made it cumbersome for effective implementation of extension advice in real time. Training needs of extension workers for climate change resilience among others include the need ...
Lifang Zhang, Xiuyue Zhang and Bisong Yue*
...ographical isolation and barriers to gene flow. These results would provide the basis of further study on genetic diversity and structure....
Ghulam Abbas1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Saeed2*; Safdar Imran3, Ashgar Ali Kamboh4, Duraid KA Al-Taey5, Muhammad Asad Aslam1, Muhammad Saeed Imran6, Muhammad Ashraf3, Muhammad Asif7, Abdul Jabbar Tanveer8, Razia Abdul Majid Qureshi9, Maria Arshad1, Hussain Ahmed Khan Niazi1, Muhammad Tariq10, Sikandar Abbas1
...on of multiple probiotic barriers and OA compounds. OA commonly used as an acidifier in chicken feed are consider attractive ways to improve digestion. The use of OA may be a good choice to improve the wellbeing of poultry birds. There’s a belief that more research is required to determine the direct effect of OA in multiple stages of poultry health and diseases of infectious nature to determine the appropriate amount of supplementation of OA.
Ke...
Iftikhar Alam1*, Muhammad Ali2 and Muhammad Farooq3*
...s identified support and barriers for healthy eating. They also identified barriers and support for active lifestyle on campus. The support and barriers identified by students coded under themes of food and active lifestyle environment. Themes related to nutrition and food were: self-cooking; convenience of fruits/vegetables; clean water unavailability; poor/low food quality; high food pri...
Inayat ul Islam1, Rooh Ullah1, Ahmed Zia2, Abdul Rauf Bhatti2*, Maryum Ilyas2, Sohail Hayat1 and Khabab Hayat1
...ation, awareness, social barriers and uncertain ground conditions being representing Pak-Afghan border territories in many of its valleys and villages. Such areas have a strong potential to come-up with important scientific records. Current study revealed four families, eleven genera and seventeen species and added new geographic range to Odonata fauna of the country. Among recorded fauna, family Libellulidae appeared to be the dominant group, representing 14 ...
Ali Nawaz, Qazi Bilal, Anwar Ali*, Nowsherwan Zarif, Faizan Ahmad, Asim Karim and Atif Majeed
...nical, and institutional barriers for planned adaptation....
Muhammad Afzal, Aqeela Mobeen Akhtar and M. Mahboob-ur-Rahman
...tain ranges, that formed barriers to plant migration. Forest Ecozones are characterized by the evolutionary history of the plants they contain. These are divisions of the Earth's surface based on plant life form or the adaptation of plants to climatic, soil and other conditions. A tropical moist broadleaf forest in Central America, for example, may be similar to one in New Guinea in its vegetation type and structure, climate, soils, etc., but these forests are...
Mamoona Wali Muhammad and Iftekhar Ahmed
...s, fuel wood, protection barriers for villages, control on tides and erosion of coastal banks, environment apiculture and eco-tourism respectively.
100% of the respondents were in favor of social forestry schemes in the area and 92% of them were willing to plant coconut or date palm at their village, otak or house. Only 4% of the respondents reported that mangrove deterioration is severe due to livestock pressure and decreased fresh water flow downs...
Mohammad Ayaz
...al, climatic and species barriers. Besides others, the main physical cause of forest injuries in Pakistan is the forest fire, affecting almost all forest types and occurring mostly in dry and hot summer months. Forest fires cause damage to the ground cover, young regeneration and standing trees, as well as, tremendous damage to the biodiversity and habitat. The frequency and intensity of these fires may be different in forest areas due to nature of terrain, cl...
Saiful Islam1*, Muhammad Zubair Khan1 and Haroon Khan2
...aced by YHM are physical barriers like hydrophytes and the turbid water received from river Swat producing eutrophication, sedimentation and encourage further growth of hydrophytes. Moreover to control the flow of water for the outlets triangular profile crump’s weirs have been used in all secondary canals including YHM for comparative division to the tertiary outlets. Hydrophytes growth was observed in head reaches of canal. Five types of aquatic weeds ...
Cristian Mendoza1*, Adriana Celi-Soto2, Ernesto Cañarte3 and George Cedeño-García2
...he influence of physical barriers (mulching) using different parts of oil palm plants on controlling root borer (S. valida) in the interspecific oil palm hybrid OxG. The study was conducted at the Palesema plantation, situated in Mataje Parish, San Lorenzo Canton, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador, located at 1°17’18” N and 78°50’13” E and 100 m above sea level. 10-year plants from the OxG Coari x La Mé hybrid were used...
Bunga Rimta Barus1, Masfria Masfria2*, Aminah Dalimunthe3, Sovia Lenny4
... body’s protective barriers resulting in damage to a specific area of the skin. Insufficient wound care may lead to further complications such as wound infections. Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic bacterium capable of causing wound infections. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of gel formulations containing the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from red ginger leaves in facilitating the healing process of excision wounds. The study utiliz...
Md Kamrul Hasan1,2, Hong-Seok Mun1,3, Keiven Mark Bigtasin Ampode1,4, Eddiemar Baguio Lagua1,5, Hae-Rang Park1,5, Young-Hwa Kim6, Md Sharifuzzaman1,7, Chul-Ju Yang1,5*
...behavior monitoring. Key barriers to DT deployment include high establishment costs, risk of market monopolization, and technical knowledge gaps. The amalgamation of government subsidies, localized technology production, and the provision of training facilities can be instrumental in enabling farmers to overcome the obstacles. The application of DT is limited in monitoring animal behavior and farm environment. However, DT technology has the potential for broad...
Bakht Zada1, Ahmed Zia2, Sardar Azhar Mehmood1, Abdur Rehman3*, Toheed Iqbal4*, Kiran Shahjeer5 and Shabir Ahmed1
...tical challenges, social barriers, and uncertain ground conditions. Despite being covered with dense coniferous forests, District Battagram has never been surveyed for aphids, a prevalent pest in pine plantations globally. This study aimed to investigate the aphid complex affecting pine trees in the district, revealing two speciesCinara atrotibialis and Cinara atlanticathat are newly recorded in the country. The study provides detailed information on morphomet...
Eman Abdelrazik1, Sahar H. Abdel-Baset2*, Abdelghafar M. Abu-Elsaoud3,4 and Shimaa M.A. Mohamed5
...fy;">One of the greatest barriers to the production of peanut crops is plant-parasitic nematodes, which are the most destructive pathogens that affect peanuts globally. A survey of plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) in peanuts was conducted in Ismailia, Egypt. The host suitability of four Egyptian peanut cultivars for Meloidogyne arenaria cultivation under greenhouse conditions was also examined. Additionally, the effects of fulvic acid, compost, and cattle manu...
