Issue · 2022
Vol. 38, Iss. 4, Pages 1160-1546
42 articles · pp. 1160-1546 · All issues →
Research ArticleAn Investigation into Competencies of High School Teachers Teaching Agriculture in Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJ and K)
Ghulam Qadar, Khalid Nawab
The Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJandK) is a state territory of Pakistan; it is located at the foot hills of the Himalayas, North East of Pakistan, between longitude 70o–75o and latitude 33o–35o. The AJandK large population around 80% lives in rural ar…
19 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1485.1499
Research ArticleLand use and Cover Changes in the Northern Mountains of Pakistan; A Spatio-Temporal Change using MODIS (MCD12Q1) Time Series
Shakeel Ahmad, Muhammad Israr, Rasheed Ahmed, Anam Ashraf, Muhammad Amin, Nafees Ahmad
In the sustainable management of natural resources, land use and land cover (LULC) changes play an essential role. Pakistan is rich in biodiversity and provides ecosystem services to the country’s population, especially the mountains of the northern high…
6 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1419.1429
Research ArticleAn Investigation into Food Consumption Patterns and Related Poverty in District Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Robina Karim, Farhan Ali, Ali Muhammad, Nasrullah, Azra, Tahir Mehmood
The main theme behind this research work is to describe the food consumption patterns of households and estimate the related poverty line based on daily calories intake in district Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa- Pakistan. The average total household size is 5.75…
28 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1344.1351
Research ArticleNew Records of Subfamily Opiinae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan with Description of a New Species
Mian Sabahatullah, Maqsood Shah
Genus Opiognathus, of the subfamily Opiinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) is recorded for the first from Pakistan. A new species Opiognathus nitidus M. Sabahatullah & Shah sp.nov. is described and illustrated. Five species of the subfamily Opiinae are reported…
6 Oct 2022DOI New-Records-Subfamily-Opiinae-Hymenoptera-Braconidae-Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa
Research ArticleAssessment of Genetic Parameters, Agro-Morphologic Stability and Clustering Pattern of Promising Candidate Basmati Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Lines
Zulqarnain Haider, Muhammad Akhter, Syed Sultan Ali, Tahir Latif, Rana Ahsan Raza Khan, Awais Riaz et al.
In the present study, genetic parameters, agro-morphologic stability and clustering pattern of twenty promising elite basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) lines including three checks were investigated in advance generation. Triplicated randomized complete block des…
28 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1300.1313
Research ArticleA Critical Analysis of the Economic Valuation of Canal Irrigation Water in Punjab, Pakistan
Hafiz Qaisar Yasin, Dora Marinova, Muhammad Naveed Tahir
Economic valuation of irrigation water is one of most critical water governance issues in Pakistan. In the agriculture‑dominant province of Punjab, low irrigation water charging rates lead to its inefficient use by farmers. Under the rapidly increasing water…
28 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1352.1360
Research ArticleMorphological Characterization of Phytophthora infestans and its Growth on Different Growth Media
Waqas Raza, Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar, Muhammad Asif, Ikram-ul-Haq, Muhammad Zakria, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq Al-Ani
Phytophthora infestans is a destructive pathogen in the tropical and the sub-tropical areas of the world. Identification of pathogens is very important to find successful disease control strategies. Here, we isolated and identified P. infestans, as well as, de…
16 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1189.1202
Research ArticleAgriculture Labour Supply in Irrigated Plains of Punjab Options for Small Rural Household
Arshad Mahmood Malik, Nigah Hussain, Nasim Akhter
Due to modernization in agriculture sector, agricultural labour migration from on-farm to off-farm work and from rural to urban areas is becoming common practice. Punjab Labor Policy 2018, addresses agriculture labor on the lines of industrial labor to improve…
21 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1246.1253
Research ArticleBacteriology, Antimicrobials Resistance and Susceptibility Profiles of Bacteria from Mastitic Cattle and Buffaloes of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Tariq Ali, Kamran, Abdur Raziq, Inam Ullah Wazir, Anwar Ali, Muhammad Ijaz Ali et al.
Mastitis is one of the major prevailing and costly diseases in dairy cattle and buffaloes. This study describes the current prevalence of mastitis in lactating cattle, and buffaloes in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during 2019-2020, to identify bacterial pathogens of mas…
21 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1240.1245
Research ArticleComputational Structural Calculation of N-Methyl Benzothiazolium Iodide as an Antifungal Candidate
Sohail Nadeem, Muhammad Aziz, Ayesha Mohy ud Din, Tayyaba Jamil
The aim of the current study is to elucidate the structural information, infrared and raman spectra of N-Methyl Alkyl Benzothiazolium iodide through computational methods as well as to evaluate its antifungal properties. In order to achieve the goal, softwares…
21 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1235.1239- Research Article
Haematological and Biochemical Profile of Extensive Kept Male Barela (Camelus dromedarius) Camel during Breeding and Non-Breeding Season
Asim Faraz, Nasir Ali Tauqir, Abdul Waheed, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq, Syeda Maryam Hussain, Riaz Hussain Mirza et al.
This trial was undertaken to study the effect of breeding season on haematological and blood biochemical parameters of Barela male camel under extensive conditions in Desert Thal Pakistan. The clinically healthy male Barela camels (n=5) from 6-10 years old hav…
16 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1184.1188 
Research ArticleResponse of Different (Capsicum annuum L) Genotypes for Callus Induction, Plant Regeneration and Plant Transformation
Muhammad Shafiq, Tehseen Ashraf, Sehrish Mushtaq, Naveeda Anjum, Muhammad Asim, Muhammad Aqeel Feroze et al.
Chilli (Capsicum annuum), which belongs to the family Solanaceae, is an important spice crop cultivated in tropical and subtropical countries. A Protocol for chili plant regeneration with hypocotyl and cotyledon explants was established. The study was conducte…
28 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1332.1343
Research ArticleEmerging Supply Chain of Pork and the Opportunities for Small-Scale Raisers in Catbalogan City in the Philippines
Marcos E. Bollido, Renell Jay G. Villaluz, Ronald L. Orale
The emerging supply chain of pork and its effects on small-scale raisers in Catbalogan City was examined using mixed methods. Supply and consumption were forecasted using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models. Pork prices increased by 22-50%…
5 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1370.1380
Research ArticlePopulation Structure and Length-Weight Relationships of Anadara granosa and Meretrix lamarckii from the Bay of Bengal
Muhammad Rabiul Hasan, Zannatul Mawa, Muhammad Ashekur Rahman, Selina Yeasmin, Yahia Mahmud, Muhammad Yeamin Hossain
Mussels play a significant role in marine benthic ecological construction because they accumulate into beds, changing the nature and intricacy of the bottom. Population structure and length-weight relationships of two mussels (Anadara granosa and Meretrix lama…
25 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1254.1259
Research ArticlePerformance Evaluation of Downdraft Gasifier with Syngas Cleaning System
Sidrah Ashfaq, Muhammad Nadeem, Muhammad Yamin, Talha Afzal, Muhammad Waqar Akram, Rabia Anam et al.
Energy is a crucial factor and a capital of a country’s resources leading indicator. World’s energy focus is shifting towards alternate renewable, cheap and environment-friendly resources that can provide long-term sustainability for survival. Due…
28 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1322.1331
Research ArticleEfficacy of Exogenously Applied Bio-Stimulants on Quality Production of Matthiola incana L.
Hafiz Kashif Ali, Iftikhar Ahmad, Mujahid Ali, Zahoor Hussain, Muhammad Ather Nadeem, Malik Abdul Rehman et al.
To improve yield and shelf life of stock can enhance economic value to flowers growers globally. A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of various bio-stimulants on yield and quality of stock. Three cultivars of stock, viz. ‘Cheerful White’…
5 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1392.1404
ReviewRole of Organic Manure Bokashi Improving Plant Growth and Nutrition: A Review
Chooi Lin Phooi, Elisa Azura Azman, Roslan Ismail
Bokashi is an organic fertilizer fermented with organic waste, beneficial microbes, and sugar. Bokashi improved soil’s physical, chemical, and biological properties and eventually enhanced plant growth and yield production. Bokashi enhances the plant&rsq…
18 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1478.1484
Research ArticleGenetic Variation in Chickpea Genotypes against Fusarium Wilt (Fusarium oxysporum F. sp. Ciceris) and their Management
Khalid Hussain, Muhammad Younas, Niaz Hussain, Abdul Ghaffar, Muhammad Raheel, Anees Akhtar et al.
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important food legume. In Pakistan, yield potential of chickpea is low due to the prevalence of Fusarium wilt. Present investigations were conducted at Arid Zone Research Institute, Bhakkar, Punjab, Pakistan during winter 20…
19 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1519.1525
Research ArticleEffects of Seed Physical Characteristics of Benin Soybean Germplasm on their Resistance to Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)
Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko, Joelle Toffa, Azize Orobiyi, Gbèblonoudo Anicet Dassou, Rolande Okpeicha, Dieudonné Gavoedo et al.
The pulse beetle Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is an important pest of stored soybean grains. It is imperative to screen out the prevailing genotypes of Beninese soybean cropping systems in order to find out the resistant ones agai…
18 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1468.1477- Research Article
Relative Resistance of Seed of Advance Genotypes of Cicer arietinum Against Callosobruchus Chinensis During Storage
Muhammad Waseem Akhtar, Khalid Mahmood Khawar, Muhammad Naeem Akhtar, Muhammad Rafique, Khalid Hussain, Sharmin Ashraf et al.
Pulse beetle (Callosbruchuschinesis) causes serious damage to the seed of chickpea, and other pulses during storage. Seed viability and other quality parameters are affected by its infestation. This pest is controlled by phosphine fumigation and synthetic inse…
21 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1228.1234 
Research ArticleDevelopment and Evaluation of a Maize Cob Based Bait Formulation against Subterranean Termites (Odontotermes spp.)
Hassan Raza, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed, Muhammad Irfan Majeed, Mujeeb-Ur-Rehman, Muhammad Asam Riaz
Subterranean termites are devastating pests of many agricultural and horticultural crops, forest plantations and wooden infrastructures. Farmers rely primarily on direct applications of liquid insecticides which usually get off the target site resulting in uns…
16 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1172.1183- Research Article
Evaluation of Weeds Against Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) in Vegetables
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi
The indiscriminate use of pesticides by small holder farmers under unregistered informal sector in vegetable farming has culminated in severe environmental pollution, increase in unacceptable percentage of residue in vegetables and resistance of nematodes to t…
28 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1289.1299 
Research ArticleScreening of Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) Germplasm for Chilling Stress Tolerance during Two Growing Seasons
Kokab Nazim, Asghari Bano, Ghulam Jellani
Forty-five tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) lines were evaluated for chilling tolerance using morpho-biochemical parameters. Experiment was performed in polytunnel conditions (30±2 °C) as control and open field conditions (10±2 °C)…
18 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1452.1461
Research ArticleBiological Response of Quinoa Plants to Various Nitrogen Levels and Priming Techniques
Asma Hassan, Zuhair Hasnain, Muhmmad Asadullah, Syed Saqlain Hussain, Muhammad Abbas Anees
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Wild) is a pseudo cereal, drought-resistant, and medicinally value able with a superior nutritional profile as compared to common cereals. It’s obligatory to obtain the maximum yield of quinoa under rain-fed conditions with a w…
19 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1510.1518
Research ArticleInfluence of Planting dates, Cutting types and IBA Concentrations on Rooting of Silvery (Leucophyllum frutescens)
Nagina Zeb, Noor ul Amin
The current experiment was executed to study impact of different planting dates during 2016-2017 (July 01, July 16, July 31, August 15 and August 30) and two cutting types i.e. Hard wood and Semi-hard wood cuttings on rooting response of Silvery treated with v…
16 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1160.1171
Research ArticleEvaluation of Field Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Varieties for Yield and Yield-Related Traits
Gudeta Nepir Gurmu, Tade Bitima Mulisa, Alemu Lenco Gemechu, Kegna Gadisa Amena, Gemechu Nedi Terfa
Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) is one of the leguminous crops that is rich in protein and essential amino acids. A field experiment was conducted during the 2019 cropping season consisting of eight (Bursa, Burkitu, Adi, Herena, Hortu, Letu, T/shaman, and Weyib)…
20 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1219.1227
Research ArticleCurrent Status of Citrus Tristeza Virus in Major Citrus Growing Areas of Sargodha, Pakistan
Asim Ali Khan, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan, Yasir Iftikhar, Mustansar Mubeen, Maham Sohail, Sonum Bashir et al.
Tristeza disease is caused by citrus tristeza virus (CTV) expresses salient symptoms like stem pitting, yellowing of leaves, stunted growth of large, small lateral branches and twigs. The study was carried out to quantify the spatial and temporal distribution…
6 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1412.1418
Research ArticleEffect of Genotypes and Planting Dates on Yield and Fibre Quality Parameters of Cotton
Muhammad Jamil, Muhammad Ihsan Ullah, Taj Muhammad, Syed Waqar Hussain Shah, Khezir Hayat, Muhammad Zahid Aslam et al.
The present experiment was carried out at Cotton Research Station, Vehari, Punjab during 2020-21. The objectives of this experiment were to assess the effect of cotton genotypes and sowing dates on yield and fibre quality parameters. Three upland cotton genoty…
20 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1526.1532
Research ArticleResilience Building Mechanism to Mitigate Effects of Climate Change by Yam Farmers in Benue State, Nigeria
Olufemi Bolarin, Sijuade Adebukola Adebayo, Sola Emmanuel Komolafe
Resilience building mechanism to mitigate effects of climate change by yam farmers in Benue State, Nigeria was investigated in this study. One hundred and eighty (180) yam farmers were sampled for the study. Primary data was gathered with the use of interview…
28 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1279.1288
Research ArticlePerformance Stability Assessment in upland Cotton Strains throughout Cotton-growing Belt in Pakistan
Muhammad Jamil, Ghulam Sarwar, Imran Akhtar, Ghayour Ahmad, Saeed Ahmad
Cotton is a real cash crop and contributes to the national economy by enhancing exports. The yield performance of cotton is fluctuating under erratic test conditions due to genotype into environment interaction. The present study was executed at 14sites throug…
5 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1361.1369
Research ArticleEcofriendly Management of Green Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Insect Pests through Plant Extracts
Riaz Hussain, Adnan Ihsan, Azaz Ali Shah, Najeeb Ullah, Hamza Iftikhar, Ranra Jalal
Plant extracts appear as promising biorational alternatives to hazardous synthetic insecticides. This research was carried in a farmer’s field in Malam Jaba (Swat, KPK) during 2019-2020 Rabi season to evaluate the efficiency of some selected botanical ex…
5 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1405.1411
Research ArticleAn Assessment of Off-Season Vegetables Production in District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Ejaz Ul Haq, Urooba Pervaiz, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan, Ayesha Khan
Agricultural production has been increased due to adoption of modern agriculture techniques and practices. This study analyzed off-season vegetables production in District Peshawar with the objectives to highlight the problems faced by farmers in cultivation o…
9 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1443.1451
Research ArticleOccurrence and Toxicity of Mycotoxins from Food and Feed Resources
Shomaila Sikandar, Imran Afzal, Sadaf Sarfraz
Mycotoxins are the secondary metabolites produced by different filamentous fungi. The significance of these low molecular weight compounds lies in the fact that they are the contributors of severe health issues in livestock and humans. Every year mycotoxins in…
20 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1211.1218- Research Article
An Assessment of Training Needs of Agricultural Extension Agents: A Study of Three Selected Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan
Ayesha Khan, Zubair Ahmad Khan, Urooba Pervaiz
The main purpose of the present study was to assess the training needs of the extension agents, to identify weaknesses in training programs and find obstacles in the use of computer technology which hamper the proper execution of extension services in three se…
20 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1203.1210 
Research ArticleInstitutional Interventions and Climate-Smart Practices of Farmers in Nigeria
Onwusiribe Ndubuisi Chigozirim, Okpokiri Chibuzo Ikechukwu, Agu-Aguiyi Fortune Nneka, Oteh Ogbonnaya Ukeh
This research examined the institutional interventions and climate-smart practices of smallholder farmers in southeast Nigeria. The policies, programs, projects, activities of private and public organizations to intervene on climate change-related issues are r…
28 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1314.1321
Research ArticleAssessment of Genetic Variability in Onion against Purple Leaf Blotch Disease under Field Conditions and its Management
Muhammad Younas, Khalid Hussain, Abdul Ghaffar, Muhammad Atiq, Niaz Hussain, Wasim Abbas et al.
Purple blotch disease is exerting a severe threat on onion production. The current study was conducted for screening of accessions against purple blotch disease and determining the source of resistance against Purple blotch disease of onion caused by Alternari…
25 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1273.1278
Research ArticleSpatio-Temporal Expansion of Built-Up Areas and its Impact on Farmland and Food Security of Peshawar Valley, Pakistan
Sajjad Ali, Atta ur Rahman, Sher Ali
The study emphasizes the spatio-temporal expansion of built-up areas and its impact on farmland and primary crop production of Peshawar valley, Pakistan. The build-up needs to be with more significant planning to avoid any inconvenience among agricultural land…
25 Sept 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1260.1272
Research ArticleUse of Information and Communication Technologies among Farming Community of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Shandana, Ayesha Khan
Through the utilization of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) tools, farmers can get timely, up-to-date, relevant, accurate technical information and advice and extension agents can effectively answer farmers’ abundant information needs. T…
5 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1381.1391
Research ArticleEffect of Vitamins and Hormones during different stages of Lactation in Lohi Sheep and Beetal Goats
Sonia Kanwal, Muhammad Naeem, Zaib Un Nisa, Rabia Farhat, Zia Ur Rehman
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of vitamins and hormones during different stages of lactation in Lohi sheep and Beetal goats. The experiments were performed on 30 ewes and 30 goats between 1.5 to 5 years age group were selected from Bahadar Nag…
18 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1462.1467
Research ArticleComparative Study on Absorption of Heavy Metal Residues in Broiler Chicken Available in the University Campus Peshawar, Pakistan
Zahin Anjum, Mubashra Tarana, Shaista Ali, Faryal Yousaf, Amina Rahat, Sumbla Yousaf
The study was conducted to analyze three different tissues (liver, gizzard and muscle tissue) of the broiler chicken for absorption of four heavy metal contents (Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni). In addition, analysis of five electrolytes (Ca, Na, K, P and Mg), moisture con…
22 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1533.1539
Research ArticleResponse of Different Wheat Cultivars Towards Wheat Aphids, (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) and their Associated Natural Enemies
Ahmad-ur-Rahman Saljoqi, Muhammad Tayeb, Muhammad Salim
The current study on population trends of wheat aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi (L.) and its associated natural enemies on different wheat cultivars was carried out at Agriculture Research Institute (ARI) Tarnab, Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP)-Pakistan during rabi…
25 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1540.1546
Research ArticleBiodiversity Estimation in Chilli (Capsicum frutescens) Germplasm through Morphological Traits
Ishtiaq Ahmad, Muhammad Akbar Anjum
Capsicum frutescens, one of the domesticated species of pepper grown around the globe, is considered to be highly valued horticultural crop due to high productivity and intense aroma. The present study was carried out to evaluate genetic diversity among 78 sel…
19 Oct 2022DOI 10.17582/journal.sja/2022/38.4.1500.1509