Urbanization Favors Some Over Others: Bird Diversity Pattern in the Suburban-Urban Gradient of Butwal City, Central Lowland of Nepal
Urbanization Favors Some Over Others: Bird Diversity Pattern in the Suburban-Urban Gradient of Butwal City, Central Lowland of Nepal
Bibek Aryal, Naresh Pandey and Laxman Khanal*
Map of the study area. (a) Map of Nepal showing Rupandehi District; (b) Map of Rupandehi District showing Butwal Sub-Metropolitan City; and, (c) Land-use-land-cover map of Butwal Sub-Metropolitan City with point count stations for the bird survey.
Species accumulation curve of birds recorded in Butwal Sub-Metropolitan City, Nepal.
Relationship of species richness with NDVI and human footprint index for respective seasons; (a) richness vs. NDVI in the winter, (b) richness vs. NDVI in the post-monsoon, (c) richness vs. human footprint index in the winter, (d) richness vs. human footprint index in the post-monsoon.
Feeding guild-wise richness of birds; (a) in the winter; and (b) in the post-monsoon season.
