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SRTM DEM based 3-D Surface Deformation of Nanga Parbat Syntaxis through Drainage Density and Surface Roughness

SRTM DEM based 3-D Surface Deformation of Nanga Parbat Syntaxis through Drainage Density and Surface Roughness

Muhammad Shahzad1*, Syed Amer Mahmood2, Athar Ashraf3, Amer Masood2 and Saira Batool4

1Department of Computer Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan; 2Department of Space Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan; 3Department of Data Science (PUCIT), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan; 4Center for Integrated Mountain Research (CIMR), University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.

 

*Correspondence | Muhammad Shahzad, Department of computer Science, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan; Email: msmughal.ier@
pu.edu.pk

Figure 1:

Regional tectonic framework (Hindu Kush-Karakorum-Himalaya) with red block representing the investigation site. Sources: (Lawrence et al., 1981; Wheeler et al., 2005; Mahmood and Gloaguen, 2011; 2012).

Figure 4:

The illustration is showing the D8 algorithm for the calculation of flow angles and stream definition by assigning a specific threshold of 1, 3 pixels as per requirement in the context of contributing areas (O’Callaghan and Mark, 1984; Jenson and Domingue, 1988).

Figure 5:

The mechanism showing the computation of topographic surface roughness (TSR), (Grohmann, 2009).

Figure 6:

Illustration showing computation of DD.

Figure 7:

Flow charts showing various image processing steps (modified after Mahmood and Gloaguen, 2011)

Figure 8:

The drainage density maps generated with different moving window sizes of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 km.

Figure 9:

The TSR maps with different moving window sizes of 1, 2, 3. 4, 5 and 6 km.

Figure 10:

The google pro screenshot illustrating the elevation profile from Nanga Parbat top to Raikot bridge showing the highest unique relative relief in the world (22,000 feet within short expanse of 28 km).

Equation 1
Figure 3:
Tectonic map of the investigation site of NPS and surroundings showing regional published and automatically extracted lineaments and historical shallow earthquakes with magnitude > 3.5.
Figure 2:

Geotectonic map of the NPS region.

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture

March

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, Vol.40, Iss. 1, Pages 01-262

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