Potential Mitigation of Spirotetramat-Induced Reproductive Toxicity by Tribulus terrestris in Domestic Pigeons (Columba livia domestica)
Potential Mitigation of Spirotetramat-Induced Reproductive Toxicity by Tribulus terrestris in Domestic Pigeons (Columba livia domestica)
Ali Bouzekri1,2*, Souheila Slimani1,2, Meryem Nassar1,2, Souad Zaaboub3 and Nora Sakhraoui1
The effect of spirotetramat, extract of Tribulus terrestris (TT100, TT50) on body weight (g) and testicular volume (mm3) of male pigeons (Columba livia domestica) (n=5) during 10 weeks of treatment under a long photoperiod (19L:5D). SPT: Spirotetramat (15mg/kg.BW/day), TT100: Tribulus terrestris (100mg/kg.BW/day), TT50: Tribulus terrestris (50mg/kg.BW/day). Values= Mean ± SD. Methanolic extract of TT caused a significant increase in the bodyweight of pigeons. SPT induced a decrease in testicular volume. However, methanolic extract of TT could improve the testicular volume significantly.
The effect of SPT, TT100, TT50, SPT+TT100, and SPT+TT50 on testes weight (g) after 10 weeks of treatment of male pigeons (Columba livia domestica) (n=5) under a long photoperiod ((19L:5D). For SPT treatment, administration of TT and statistical detail, see Figure 1. SPT provoked a decrease in testes weight. However, methanolic extract of TT could improve significantly the testes weight.
The effect of SPT, TT100, TT50, SPT+TT100, and SPT+TT50 on (A) follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), (B) luteinizing hormone (LH), (C) Serum Testosterone after 10 weeks of treatment of male pigeons (Columba livia domestica) (n=5) under a long photoperiod (19L:5D). For SPT treatment, administration of TT and statistical detail, see Figure 1. SPT induced a decrease in serum testosterone level. However, methanolic extract of TT could enhance significantly the testosterone level.
The effect of SPT, TT100, TT50, SPT+TT100, SPT+TT50 on (A) total cholesterol, (B) cholesterol-HDL, (C) cholesterol-LDL-C, (D) Triglycerides levels in serum after 10 weeks of treatment of male pigeons (Columba livia domestica) (n=5 under a long photoperiod (19L:5D). For SPT treatment, administration of TT and statistical detail, see Figure 1. SPT provoked a significant increase in TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C serum levels. However, methanolic extract of TT could attenuate this elevated induced by SPT in the serum.
Histological structure of testis control, SPT, and TT100 treated pigeons under a long photoperiod ((19L:5D) showing: control group (A1 and A2) normal epithelial tissue (EP), Lumen (L), Leydig cell (LC), Sertoli cell, Interstitial tissue (TI), Spermatozoa (SP), Spermatogonia (SG), Spermatocyte (SC), Spermatid (SD). SPT group (B1 and B2) degenerative in the testicular tissue and irregular seminiferous tubules are observed. TT100 groups (C1 and C2) showed normal testicular tissue and increased spermatozoa and epithelial germ cells number. Magnification: A1, B1, C1= X10. A2, B2, C2= X40. Stain H and E.
Histological photomicrograph structure of testis of testis of TT50, SPT+TT100 and SPT+TT50 treated pigeons under a long photoperiod (19L:5D) showing: TT50 croup (A1 and A2) Normal testicular tissue, normal seminiferous tubules, and a higher number of Spermatozoa and epithelial germ cells are observed. Our examination revealed that SPT+TT100 (B1 and B2) and SPT+TT50 (C1 and C2) groups showed a testis tissue that seemed close to the control. The extract has achieved in partially decreasing the damage induced by SPT. Magnification: A1, B1, C1, C2 = X10. A2, B2 = X40. Stain H and E.
