Effects of Antibiotics on Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Intestinal Microflora of Broilers

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Effects of Antibiotics on Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Intestinal Microflora of Broilers

Shahan Azeem¹*, Muhammad Akram Muneer², Liaquat Ahmad³, Sameera Akhtar¹ and Talat Naseer Pasha^4,5

Author Affiliations

¹Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.

²Department of Microbiology, Riphah College of Veterinary Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Pakistan.

³Department of Statistics and Computer Science, Faculty of Life Sciences Business Management, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.

⁴Department of Animal Nutrition, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan

⁵University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan

* Corresponding author: [email protected]

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Fig. 1.

Newcastle disease virus (A) and avian influenza virus (B) geometric mean HI titer in broilers.

T1, non medicated, NDV and AIV non vaccinated; T2, non medicated, NDV and AIV vaccinated; T3, flvomycin treated, NDV and AIV vaccinated; T4, lincomycin treated, NDV and AIV vaccinated; T5, zinc bacitracin treated, NDV and AIV vaccinated.

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December 2022

Vol. 54, Iss. 6, Pages 2501-3000

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Effects of Antibiotics on Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Intestinal Microflora of Broilers

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Effects of Antibiotics on Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Intestinal Microflora of Broilers

Shahan Azeem¹*, Muhammad Akram Muneer², Liaquat Ahmad³, Sameera Akhtar¹ and Talat Naseer Pasha^4,5

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Effects of Antibiotics on Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Intestinal Microflora of Broilers

Effects of Antibiotics on Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Intestinal Microflora of Broilers

Shahan Azeem1*, Muhammad Akram Muneer2, Liaquat Ahmad3, Sameera Akhtar1 and Talat Naseer Pasha4,5

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Shahan Azeem¹*, Muhammad Akram Muneer², Liaquat Ahmad³, Sameera Akhtar¹ and Talat Naseer Pasha^4,5