Dietary Sodium Butyrate Supplementation Alleviates High-Fat Diet-Induced Liver Injury by Activating Nrf2 in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Dietary Sodium Butyrate Supplementation Alleviates High-Fat Diet-Induced Liver Injury by Activating Nrf2 in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)
Weijun Chen1*, Shiyang Gao1, Ping Sun1, Xiaohui Sun2, Yongbin Wei1, Jingyang Chen1 and Jialong Chen1
Plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity levels of common carp fed experimental diets. Control, the control diet; HF, the high-fat diet; NaBT, the high-fat diet added with 0.1% sodium butyrate. Bars marked with different letters are significantly different (P<0.05).
Liver triacylglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TCHO) contents of common carp fed experimental diets. Control, the control diet; HF, the high-fat diet; NaBT, the high-fat diet added with 0.1% sodium butyrate. Bars marked with different letters are significantly different (P<0.05).
Effect of dietary NaBT supplementation on hepatic lipid accumulation of common carp. Lipid droplets and nuclei are dyed in red and blue by oil red staining, respectively (200× magnification). A, the control diet; B, the high-fat diet; C, the high-fat diet added with 0.1% sodium butyrate. D. lipid accumulation was quantified by measuring the intensity of the stained oil droplets. Bars marked with different letters are significantly different (P<0.05).
Liver antioxidant status of common carp fed experimental diets. Notes, MDA, malondialdehyde; T-SOD, total superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; GSH, glutathione. Control, the control diet; HF, the high-fat diet; NaBT, the high-fat diet added with 0.1% sodium butyrate. Bars marked with different letters are significantly different (P<0.05).
Relative expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in liver of common carp fed experimental diets. Control, the control diet; HF, the high-fat diet; NaBT, the high-fat diet added with 0.1% sodium butyrate. Bars marked with different letters are significantly different (P<0.05).
Relative expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-6 in liver of common carp fed experimental diets. Control, the control diet; HF, the high-fat diet; NaBT, the high-fat diet added with 0.1% sodium butyrate. Bars marked with different letters are significantly different (P<0.05).
