Coffee Pulp Characterization and Utilization in Coffee Cherry Flour for Circular Economy Improvement
Damat Damat1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Shazma Anwar3, Mohammed Ali Wedyan4,
Zane Vincevica-Gaile5, Yogo Adhi Nugroho2, Tony Liwang2, Thontowi Djauhari Nur Subchi1*,
Ahmad Fauzi1, Hanif Alamudin Manshur1, Devi Dwi Siskawardani1, Vritta Amroini Wahyudi1,
Yolla Muvika Ananda1 and Hemalia Agustin Rachmawati1
1University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang 65144, East Java, Indonesia; 2Plant Production and Biotechnology Division, PT Smart Tbk., Bogor 16810, West Java, Indonesia; 3University of Agriculture, Peshawar 25130, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan; 4The Hashemite University, PO Box 330127, 13133 Zarqa, Jordan; 5University of Latvia, Riga LV-1004, Latvia.
*Correspondence | Thontowi Djauhari Nur Subchi, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Jl. Bendungan Sutami No.188, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia;
Email: [email protected]
Figure 1:
The appearance of unprocessed coffee pulp (A), Four coffee cherry flour products from Mengani (B), Karangploso (C), Ijen (D), and La Boitê commercial product (E).
Figure 2:
The PCA result and the heatmap of standardized mineral values from different sources.
Figure 3:
Dietary fiber content expressed as a heatmap (Fig. 3a), and sugar contents indicated in the bar graph (Fig. 3b). The value expressed in the heatmap is z standardized.