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Characterization of Metals in Feed, Litter and Air of Intensive Poultry Farming Facilities

Characterization of Metals in Feed, Litter and Air of Intensive Poultry Farming Facilities

Roheela Yasmeen1,3* , Faheem Hafeez1 , Umme Ammara1 , Rubab Younas1 , Sibtain Ahmad2 , Zulfiqar Ali3, Zaheer Ahmad Nasir4 

1Department of Biology, Lahore Garrison University, Sector C, Phase VI, DHA Lahore Pakistan; 2Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad; 3University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan; 4School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK 43 0AL, UK.

*Correspondence | Roheela Yasmeen, Department of Biology, Lahore Garrison University, Sector C, Phase VI, DHA Lahore Pakistan; Email: [email protected] 

Figure 1

A map showing different visited sites in the vicinity of Lahore 

Figure 2

Essential metals in different samples of Group A (Ca: Calcium; K: Potassium; Na: Sodium; P: Phosphorus; Mg: Magnesium) 

Figure 3

Essential metals in different samples of Group B (Ca: Calcium; K: Potassium; Na: Sodium; P: Phosphorus; Mg: Magnesium) 

Figure 4

Essential metals in different samples of Group C (Ca: Calcium; K: Potassium; Na: Sodium; P: Phosphorus; Mg: Magnesium) 

Figure 5

Trace metals in different samples of Group A (Zn: Zinc; Cu: Copper; Fe: Iron; Mn: manganese) 

Figure 6

Trace metals in different samples of Group B (Zn: Zinc; Cu: Copper; Fe: Iron; Mn: Manganese) 

Figure 7

Trace metals in different samples of Group C (Zn: Zinc; Cu: Copper; Fe: Iron; Mn: manganese) 

Figure 8

Heavy metals in different samples of Group A (Cd: Cadmium; Cr: Chromium; Hg: Mercury; Ni: Nickle; Pb: Lead) 

Figure 9

Heavy metals in different samples of Group B (Cd: Cadmium; Cr: Chromium; Hg: Mercury; Ni: Nickle; Pb: Lead) 

Figure 10

Heavy metals in different samples of Group C (Cd: Cadmium; Cr: Chromium; Hg: Mercury; Ni: Nickle; Pb: Lead) 

Journal of Animal Health and Production

November

Vol. 12, Sp. Iss. 1

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