Analysis of Mitochondrial COI Gene for Species/Breed Level Identification of the Genus Capra (Linnaeus, 1758)
Analysis of Mitochondrial COI Gene for Species/Breed Level Identification of the Genus Capra (Linnaeus, 1758)
Bibi Malaela1*, Nabeela Tariq1, Nazeer Ahmed2, Hina Ali Ahmed1, Asmatullah Kakar3*, Sidra Khan Kasi1, Nida Ali2 and Nisar Ahmed2
ABSTRACT
The current study mainly aimed to identify the goat breed at species level through COI gene sequencing. In this study the effectiveness of COI gene was examined in distinguishing the goat breeds which has not been inclusively investigated in mammals. To fill this gap, we determined the COI barcodes for six different breeds of goat and found them all as domestic goats (Capra hircus Thomas, 1911). Mean intraspecific genetic distance was 0.0016%, obtained from 528 COI positions, lower than the average interspecific genetic distance 0.03%, indicating the discrimination efficacy of COI gene. Using the COI gene sequences the phylogenetic analysis confirmed that the domestic goat breed has a very close kinship with Siberian goat breeds, Capra sibirica (Pallas, 1776), a wild goat species. It is concluded that molecular based identifications of animal species are more accurate, compared to morphological approaches for identification of the indigenous breeds. Furthermore, for future study, the COI gene inclusive exploration is suggested to find the genetic divergence in goat breeds of the country.
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