Antidiabetic Efficacy of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Empagliflozin Combinations
Antidiabetic Efficacy of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Empagliflozin Combinations
Saydat Saad Abd El-Megeed1, Walaa Yehia El-Sayed1*, Tarek Khamis2
TEM image of the ZnO NP.
Effects of administration of Empagliflozin and ZnO NPs in the levels of some biochemical parameters in serum in type 2 diabetic rats.
Effects of administration of Empagliflozin and ZnO NPs in the levels of some biochemical parameters in serum in type 2 diabetic rats.
Effects of administration of Empagliflozin and ZnO NPs in the levels of oxidant stress markers in serum in type 2 diabetic rats.
Effects of administration of Empagliflozin and ZnO NPs in the mRNA expression of some genes in type 2 diabetic rats.
Effects of administration of Empagliflozin and ZnO NPs in the mRNA expression of some genes in type 2 diabetic rats.
Histopathological results in the liver. (A) The liver of the control rat shows a normal histological picture, H&E, X 40. (B) The liver of diabetic rats showed acute cellular swelling with marked vacuolations, single-cell necrosis, and endothelial hypertrophy, H&E, X 40. (C) The liver of 0.25 mg ZnO NPs treated rat showed vacuolations of the hepatocytes, portal congestion, and mononuclear cell infiltration, H&E, X 40. (D) The liver of 0.5 mg ZnO NPs-treated rats showed vacuolations of the hepatocytes and portal infiltration with few numbers of mononuclear cells, H&E, X 40. (E) The liver of 0.25 mg empagliflozin-treated rats showed notable sinusoidal dilatation with vacuolation of the hepatocytes and few single-cell necroses, H&E, X 40. (F) The liver of a 0.5 mg empagliflozin treated rat shows portal congestion with the presence of few numbers of inflammatory cell infiltrates, H&E, X 40. (G) the liver of 0.25 mg ZnO NPs + 0.25 mg empagliflozin-treated rats showed mild sinusoidal dilatation and vascular congestion, H&E, X 40. (H) The liver of 0.5 mg ZnO NPs + 0.5 mg-empagliflozin-treated rats showed an almost normal histological picture except for mild vascular congestion, H&E, X 40.
Histopathological results in the kidney. (A) The kidney of control rats showed a normal histological picture, H&E, X 40. (B) The kidney of diabetic rats showed notable vascular congestion with endothelial hypertrophy, interstitial edema, and tubular necrosis, H&E, X 40. (C) The kidney of 0.25 mg ZnO NPs-treated rats showed interstitial mononuclear cell infiltration, and vacuolation of the tubular epithelium with single-cell necrosis, H&E, X 40. (D) The kidney of 0.5 mg ZnO NPs-treated rats showed tubular attenuation, hyaline cast formation, congestion of the peritubular capillaries, regenerative tubular epithelium, and endothelial hypertrophy, H&E, X 40. (E) The kidney of 0.25 mg empagliflozin-treated rats showed cast formation, tubular attenuation, vascular congestion, endothelial hypertrophy, and the presence of few numbers of mononuclear cells in the interstitial tissue, H&E, X 40. (F) The kidney of 0.5 mg empagliflozin-treated rats showed vascular congestion, and endothelial hypertrophy, H&E, X 40. (G) The kidney of 0.25 mg ZnO NPs + 0.25 mg empagliflozin treated rats showed mild vascular congestion, and luminal debris, H&E, X 40. (H) The kidney of 0.5 mg ZnO NPs + 0.5 mg empagliflozin-treated rats showed an almost normal histological picture except for mild glomerular congestion, H&E, X 40.
