Age and Sex Dependent Effects of Maternal Deprivation on Anxiety-Like and Depressive-Like Behaviors and Oxidative Stress in the Prefrontal Cortex of Rats
Abdeljabbar Nassiri1, Mouloud Lamtai1*, Inssaf Berkiks1,2, Hajar Benmhammed1, Sidi Mohamed Coulibaly1,3, Miloud Chakit1, Laila Ibouzine-dine1, Abdelhalem Mesfioui1, Aboubaker El-Hessni1
1Laboratory of Biology and Health, Neurosciences, Neuroimmunology and Behaviour Unit,Faculty of Science Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco; 2Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham Heersink School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA; 3Marine Ecology, Environment, Health and Nutrition, Al-Aasriya Nouakchott University, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, 880, Nouakchott, Mauritania.
*Correspondence | Mouloud Lamtai, Laboratory of Biology and Health, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco; Email:
[email protected]
Figure 1:
Behavioral performances of adolescent, young adult and adult females and male rats in the open field test. A – Total amount time spent in the center (TCA); B – Number of return into center area (NRC), C – Number of total squares crossed (NTS). The symbols *, # and $ denote significant differences compared to control, or to gender counterparts, or between different age groups, respectively. The significance level is 0.05.
Figure 2:
Behavioral performances of adolescent, young adult and adult females and male rats in to the elevated plus maze. A – Time spent on the Open Arms (TOA); B – Entries into Open Arms (EOA); C – Total Entries into the Arms (TEA). The symbols *, # and $ denote significant differences compared to control, or to gender counterparts, or between different age groups, respectively. The significance level is 0.05.
Figure 3:
Effect of maternal deprivation on depression-related behavior of adolescent, young adult and adult females and male rats in the forced swimming test. TIM: immobility time. The symbols *, # and $ denote significant differences compared to control, or to gender counterparts, or between different age groups, respectively. The significance level is 0.05.
Figure 4:
Effect of maternal deprivation on nitric oxide (NO) in the prefrontal cortex of adolescent, young adult and adult females and male rats. The symbols *, # and $ denote significant differences compared to control, or to gender counterparts, or between different age groups, respectively. The significance level is 0.05.
Figure 5:
Effect of maternal deprivation on thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content in the prefrontal cortex of adolescent, young adult and adult females and male rats. The symbols *, # and $ denote significant differences compared to control, or to gender counterparts, or between different age groups, respectively. The significance level is 0.05.