Muhammad Khurshid, Muhammad Nafees, Inam-ur-Rahim and Wajid Rashid
...azing pattern in term of rotational grazing and open mobility within the pastures. This led to decrease herding venues 43.7% mobility routs 37.5% and herd size by 60.4% for both groups respectively. Analysis of gender-based family labor distribution during past 30 years shows that herding labor (male and female) of age 14 to 60 significantly (P<0.01) reduced during past 30 years and partly shifted to cropping. The male herding labour reduced 40.2% in semi-n...
Aqila Shaheen and Nadia Sabir
...ter wheat-maize cropping rotations significantly responded to tillage, residues and organic and inorganic fertilizers. These results suggest that deep tillage has the potential to increase crop yield and WUE of wheat-maize cropping system in mountainous and sub-humid conditions....
Khurram Shahzad and Mohammad Akmal*
...stem i.e. maize-wheat in rotation. The results concluded that wheat crop fertilized with 140 kg ha-1 preferably in three splits for sustainable farming system for Peshawar climate and surroundings....
Imtiaz Hussain*, Hassnain Shah, M. Azeem Khan, Waqar Akhtar**, Abdul Majid*** and M. Yaqub Mujahid*
Corresponding author:izhussain@yahoo.com
PRODUCTIVITY IN RICE-WHEAT CROP ROTATION OF PUNJAB: AN APPLICATION OF TYPICAL FARM METHODOLOGY
...ly crop that breaks this rotation. Farmers are aware of the beneficial effects of this crop rotation and believed that this riceberseem rotation control weeds in the next wheat crop along with yield -1 -1 improvement of both rice (upto 5.4 md acre ) and wheat (4.4 md acre ). However there is need to assess the economic impact and evaluation of berseem in rice-wheat cropping system and eval...
Wiqar Ahmad1* and Farmanullah Khan2
...s (CP); i. cereal-cereal rotation ii. cereal-legume rotation and iii. cereal-cereal+legume intercrop rotation in main plots and b) soil amendments (SA); i. The control (C), ii. Farmers practice (FP; 60:45:0 N: P2O5: K2O), iii. Recommended NPK dose (RD; 120:90:60 N: P2O5: K2O ) and iv. 60:90:60 N: P2O5: K2O integrated with FYM 20 t ha-1 (N1/2PKF) in sub plots. Maize (Zea mays L.) CV Azam (y...
Adile Tatliyer1,*, Sinan Bas1 and Serdar Yagci2
...lying the Varimax rotation in explanatory factor analysis. In the first period of average 11 days after birth, 2 factor scores (FS) were used as new latent predictors in order to predict live body weight in multiple linear regression model. The 2FS at the first period, 3 FS at the second period, 4 FS at the third period accounted for 80, 45 and 57 % of the total variability in live weight, respectively. The achieved results revealed that using of b...
Zubaria Malik, Zahir Shah* and Muhammad Tariq
...eat and maize crops in a rotation experiment involving cereals {wheat (Triticum aestivum), maize (Zea mays L.)} and legumes {chickpea (Cicer arientinum), mungbean (Vigna radiata)} in a calcareous alkaline soil of Peshawar valley during 2015/16 and 2016/17. This study was conducted in an already established experiment which was in a randomized complete block design with split plot settings. Keeping cropping systems in main plots and biochar levels in subplots. ...
Stanley Uchenna Onwudike* and Vivian Chizoba Edoziem
...t practices such as crop rotation, mixed cropping and shifting cultivation is recommended for sustainable phosphorus management in the studied soil. ...
Meriem Msaad Guerfali1,*, Heitham Hamden1, Salma Fadhl1, Wafa Djobbi1, Lotfi Sillini1, Wafa Marzouki1 and Mohammed Ammar2
...enomenon is suspected, a rotation of insecticides with different modes of action is desirable in insect resistance management programs....
M. Nafees*, Bushra Khan*, Robina Naz*
STUDY OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SAFETY IN STEEL RE-ROLLING MILL WITH REFERENCE TO HIGH NOISE LEVEL AND TEMPERATURE
...safety laws, adopt shift rotation and ensure reduction in the length of exposure of each worker i.e. 1.5 to 2 hours instead of 6 hours work in these working conditions.
...
Khalil Ahmed1*, Amar Iqbal Saqib1, Abdul Rasul Naseem1, Ghulam Qadir1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1, Muhammad Khalid2, Imtiaz Ahmad Warraich3 and Muhammad Arif4
Use of Hyacinth Compost in Salt-Affected Soils
... crops were grown in the rotation. Data analysis showed that gypsum and hyacinth compost remarkably improved the soil SAR, pHs, ECe, BD, HC, growth and yield characteristics of rice and wheat crops, however at the same time use of gypsum and hyacinth compost in combination proved more superior to their sole application. Hyacinth compost @ 10 and 15 t ha-1 with gypsum @ 50 % of GR performed equally in all studied parameters of rice and wheat crops and soil prop...
Asmat Ullah1,2, Shahid Iqbal1,2 and Furhan Iqbal2*
...st (P = 0.002), had more rotations (P = 0.02) and clockwise rotations (P = 0.01) during plus maze test and had more stretch attend reflex (P = 0.005) than control group. During the second trial of novel object test, Bauhinia variegata’s leaf extract treated male albino mice approached old object A (P = 0.04) and spend more time with object A (P = 0.05) as compared to control group. Open filed, light dark test an...
Abdul Majid Khan1,*, Muhammad Tahir Waseem1, Rana Manzoor Ahmad2, Ayesha Iqbal1, Hafiza Imrana Naz1, Amtur Rafeh1 and Muhammad Ameen1
...etaconal area has caused rotation of the metastyle in relation to the antero-posterior tooth axis and thus situated more lingually. The protocone in second upper premolar is well developed and situated posteriorly and also has an anterior lingual constriction. The metaconule in the third upper molar is smaller than the protocone. The dentition in Eotragus noyei is smaller in size as compared to Eotragus sansaniensis and Eotragus lampang...
Aamer Sharif1,*, Muftooh Ur Rehman Siddiqi1 and Riaz Muhammad2
...bsorbed by measuring the rotational speed (rpm), torque, output power and efficiency of the vortex turbine. The result showed that efficiency (52.54%) is maximum at median rotational speed and median torque applied on shaft. Also water vortex height and output power decreased as torque increased on turbine shaft.
...
Iram Liaqat1,*, Safdar Ali Mirza2, Sumera Sajjad3, Shaukat Ali1,*, Muhammad Faiz Qamar4 and Ikram Ul Haq5
...m and flagellum-mediated rotation is criticalfor swimming, swarming motility and biofilm formation. The flagellar basal body has an ancient and evolutionarily conserved macromolecular assembly and known architecture making it an ideal drug target. The knowledge obtained will help to elucidate mechanism and design principles necessary to understand protein secretion systems.
...
Honnakerappa S. Ballari1 and Shashikant S. Udikeri2*
...ppeared to be choice for rotation a resistance management strategy....
Olufemi Bolarin, Sijuade Adebukola Adebayo and Sola Emmanuel Komolafe*
...lching (Mean=3.46), crop rotation (Mean=3.27), organic fertilizer (Mean=3.07) and cover crops (Mean=3.05). The result of regression analysis showed that coefficient value of farm size (p=0.017) and membership of cooperatives (p=0.013) positively enhanced resilience building used to mitigate the effects of climate change. The study further averred that inadequate finance, traditional belief, and inadequate access to new technologies were serious constraints enc...
Reza Aghnoum*, Hamid-Reza Sharifi, Masoud Ghodsi and Ahmad Zare Fizabadi
...ematodes under four crop rotation patterns. The experiment was arranged as a split plot in randomized complete block design with three tillage systems (conventional tillage, minimum tillage and no-tillage) as the main plots and three level of crop residue retention (no-residue, 30%, and 60% of residue retention) as the sub-plots that replicated three times during five consecutive cropping seasons. The results showed that fungivorous and free living nematodes e...
Manzoor Ali Magsi1*, Naimatullah Laghari1, Ahmed Ali Tagar1, and Habibullah Magsi2
...cific not only for wheat rotation but for other crops. Further experiments should be conducted to analyze the impact of deep tillage treatments on the tillage practices and organic fertilizers on soil properties, growth, and yield of the wheat crop....
Y. Danso†, J. Adomako, K. Osei and B. Abugri
...o well planned crop-land rotational and maize breeding systems to minimize M. incognita populations’ build-up and damage to susceptible crops such as okra which follow maize in a crop rotation system....
Riaz Muhammad1*, Aamer Sharif2 and Muftooh ur Rehman Siddiqi³
...ation, vortex height and rotational speed. In addition to that, the influence of vortex formation, vortex height and vortex shape on rotational speed is also investigated. A two input factors, i.e. water head and flow rate, and each having five-level has been selected in a present study. The results showed that at median head 0.70 m and flow rate 0.004 m³/s, the maximum rotational spe...
Muhammad Afzal Naeem1*, Muhammad Hassaan Khan2, Tahmina Nazish3, Uzma Bashir4 and Midrarullah5
...b province annually. The rotational cultivation of cotton and wheat crops constitutes the major cropping pattern in Pakistan. Current study was undertaken to investigate the allelopathic effect of the post-harvest remnants of cotton crop on the germination and growth parameters of successor wheat crop. Experiment was laid down in complete randomized design. The seeds (n=10) of Triticum aestivum L. were placed in each replicate and treated with aqueous extracts...
Compatibility of Selected Insecticides Against Sucking Insect Pests of Cotton Under Field Conditions
M. Tariq Mushtaq1, Faisal Manzoor1, M. Ishtiaq1*, Mirza Abdul Qayyum1, Muqarrab Ali2, M. Akram3, M. Rafiq Shahid3 and Saleem Riaz1
...ides could be applied in rotation with each other to reduce insecticides resistance and combined attack of whitefly and jassid. However, it is recommended that integrated pest management approach using different control tactics for conservation of natural enemies, use of yellow sticky traps, botanicals, use of selective insecticides when needed could be the best strategy to overcome insecticides resistance problems....
Pratap A. Divekar1,2*, Sampat K Patel2, Guru Pirasanna Pandi G3, Manimurugan C2,4, Vikas Singh2 and Jagdish Singh1
... to manage DBM and CB on rotational basis in the cabbage ecosystem....
Hamid Reza Mohammaddoust-e-Chamanadad , Aleksander Mikhailovich Tulikov , Mohammad Ali Baghestani
Mostafa Ovaisi , Mohammad Ali Baghestani , Ebrahim Raismohammadi
Mamoona Wali Muhammad1, Syed Ajmal Rahim2, Junaid Mumtaz3 and Syed Akmal Rahim4
..., fodder) with preferred rotation age, expressed by 80% as 6-10 years. Out of total farm tree produce, 30% consumed for domestic fuel, 12% for roofing windows, poles etc. and 58% sold to get cash for family. 92% used standing sale procedure.
The nursery or trees have proved profitable economic activity for them. The 80-84% respondents perceived that the tree planting trend would increase in future. 78% showed their willingness to continue tree growin...
A. S. M. Helal Siddiqui1, Abul Khair2, M. Masudur Rahman3 and S.M. Mosfeka Hasnin4
...s calls for pathological rotation of Passur trees arriving at dbh class IV (>40cm) for better salvage of useable trees. The International Mycological Institute, UK, identified and confirmed two fungal pathogens for causal organism namely Phaenerochaete subglobosa and Schizophyllum commune and locally identified Ganoderma appalanatum....
Muhammad Shabir Mughal and Abid Hussain
...ie varied from 7000/acre/rotation (15% respondents), 10,000 (35% respondents) and 15,000 (50% respondents) and income also varied from Rs.150,000 to 160,000 / acre / rotation (41.7% respondents) and more than Rs.170,000 (58.3% respondents). Respondent farmers (66.8%) informed that Hurrie is being raised for fuel wood production, 16.6% reported for forage, fodder and minor timber production and 16.6% respondents reported for ...
Mamoona Wali Muhammad and Iftekhar Ahmed
...m and control on camels, rotational grazing for livestock, control on cutting for fire purpose and construction of huts for effective regeneration and development of mangrove vegetation....
Ghayyas Ahmad, Anwar Ali, Miskeen Ali and Irfan Akhtar
...ring almost the complete rotation length of the Hybrid poplar, was conducted to find out the effects of three different intensities of pruning i.e. pruning upto ½ height, pruning upto ⅓ height and no pruning, on its diameter and height growth rate. The Randomized Complete Block Design was used. Data were analysed using the Analysis of Variance procedure and the Duncan multiple range test. Results reveal that at 5% level of significance there were si...
Amjad Ali Chaudhry, Chaudhry Muhammad Muslim and Muhammad Mushtaque
...trongly recommended that rotational system to be followed which promotes forage vigour by avoiding repeated and continuous grazing of one block year after year....
Zafar Iqbal
...wood in relatively short rotation....
J. S. A. Osho
...duction on fifteen years rotation and on a 5-year
periodic planning. The solution of the LP showed that
about 5.8 x 107 m3 of wood was maximized. The optimal
solution preserved 2,945 ha (20, 730, 202 m3) of wood
was maximized. The optimal cut in Period-I (1995-2000),
3,766 ha (22,158,071 m3) in Period-II (1995-2005) and
2,515 ha (14,959,539 m3) in Period-III (2006-2010). Two
other feasible solutions were also ...
Md. Serajuddoula, A. S. Khan, M. R. Islam and M. A. H. Shahjalal
... regeneration for second rotation crop and insect infestation under present management system. Considering the sustainability of the existing plantation, research on mesophytic trees has been carried out. Eleven commercially important mesophytic trees species were tried in two locations (Rangabali and Kukri-mukri). The data on survival, height and diameter was recorded and statistically analyzed. Out of eleven species jhaw (Casuarina equisetifolia), bab...
Zafar Iqbal
...ood in
relatively short rotation....
Sardar Mohammad Rafique
...two clippings (simulated rotational grazing) and conventional grazing (continuous seasonal grazing) were applied randomly in 3 plots of 10 x 10 meter size.
Similarly, three sub- plots of 10 x 5 meters size were fertilized with single dose of NPK (1:2:2) at the rate of 100 kg N + 200 Kg P + 200 Kg K per ha in split plot design. Ten permanent sample plots of 1 x 1 meter size (Braun - Blanquet's method) in each sub plot were
established for estimation of forage...
M. Rafique Sardar
...toral system or deferred rotation grazing plan with grazing in late fall to winter season in the Peshawar valley....
Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh
...s to the spacing and the rotation on
which poplar should be grown for maximum volume production for different end uses.
Although studies on spacing of poplars have been conducted in many countries, yet the results could not entirely be applicable to Pakistan owing to different climatic conditions obtaining in this part of the world. It was observed that due to comparatively long growing season, here, the rate of growth was faster. Simultaneously lo...
Raja Walayat Hussain
...ncluding the fixation of rotation age. Fixation of the felling age of a tree species is primarily a managerial decision depending upon the evaluation of several criteria and options consistent with the prevalent policy. Thus for some species there could be different ages (rotations) at which trees may be felled for specific management objective....
M. Kamaluddin and M. K. Bhuiyan
...e and marginal land on a rotation of 5 years....
Ghaus Mohammad Khattak
...ey has been managed on a rotation of 16 to 22 years at different times. Shisham standards have been retained for three rotations. Yield is regulated by areas without allowing for variation in site quality.
The Sind plantations are still in their formative stage, their special problems are:
I. soil salinity combined with a high water table in the Ghulam Mohammad Barrage zone;
II. heavy work involved in levelin...
The Sind plantations are still in their formative stage, their special problems are:
I. soil salinity combined with a high water table in the Ghulam Mohammad Barrage zone;
II. heavy work involved in levelin...
Ghaus Mohammad Khattak
...standard uniform system: rotation 100 years regeneration period 25 years, allotment of compartments to four periodic blocks, and calculation of the prescribed final annual yield by Cotta's formula. Since then, the Punjab shelterwood system has been adopted and the most common pattern of management comprises a rotation of 120 years, a regeneration period of 30 years, allotment of compartments to four periodic blocks, and excl...
Muhammad Arslan Akbar1, Khalid Javed2, Asim Faraz3, Abdul Waheed3*, Ecevit Eyduran4 and Muhammad Tariq5
...ariance before and after rotation (44.33% and 37.68%), for 4-6-month age group, PC1 had a high value of variance as 58.45% and PC2 had 15.17%, for 7-9-month age group, three principal components were extracted with high eigenvalues (7.56) for PC1 and high variance 50.45% and for 10-12-month age group, PC1 had a high value of variance as 50.05% and PC2 and PC3 had values as 10.67% and 9.05% respectively and their cumulative variance was 69.79%. Regression equat...
Agus Subhan Prasetyo, Tutik Dalmiyatun, Siwi Gayatri, Kadhung Prayoga, Wulan Sumekar and Joko Mariyono*
...tem is a yearly cropping rotation with plantation crops under the control of state-owned enterprises. This study employed economic production theory as the fundamental analysis. Brebes district was selected as the study site since the region is one of the centers of shallot production at the national level. Samples for the study were obtained from farmers who grew shallot in the glebagan and conventional systems, with a sample size of 100 for each group. The s...
Plinio Vargas Zambrano1*, Luis Vásquez Cortez2,3, Julio Ibarra Arteaga4, Camilo Chávez Ceballos4 and Ramona Párraga Alava1
...scosity analysis using a rotational viscometer and a hedonic scale of 7 points sensory analysis, the data were processed in the Minitab program, ANOVA and Dunnet. It was determined that there was a significant difference in the useful life of the product with respect to fungi, yeasts and mesophiles. In conclusion, results showed that the inclusion of 3ml, 5ml and 7ml of extract prolonged the shelf life without the presence of Coliforms and E. coli, reac...
