Jun Gao1,2, Liang-Liang Yue3, Xianhuan Jiang1, Liju Ni4, Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf5, Yuxun Zhou,1 Kai Li1,* and Junhua Xiao1,*
Muhammad Khurshid1,2*, Muhammad Nafees1, Mehmet Somuncu2
... cultivation in the high mountains of HKH region have largely transformed this subsistence livestock production in to commercial agricultural system and shaped an uncertain environment that is not suitable for both landless nomadic pastoralism and ecological sustainability. This study reflects that how this agriculture encroachment may have contributed to the pastoral resources degradation and subsequent landless pastoralist’s marginalization in uplands ...
Zhensheng Liu1,2, Hui Gao1,2, Jiapeng Dong1, Mingming Zhang3 and Liwei Teng1,2,*
Song Li1,* and Zuojian Feng2
...whole southern Himalayan mountains. However, relatively little work has been performed on mapping its geographic variations in China. In this study, we used 45 P. albiventer specimens from Xizang and Yunnan in China to conduct multivariate analyses and calculate coefficients of differences on cranial measurements, together with a comparison of pelage characteristics. Results indicated that the allopatric samples from Xizang were obviously different from...
Addishiwot Fekdu, Afework Bekele and Demeke Datiko*
Haixia Liu, Yuwei Ye, Yang Li, Xiaolin Liu, Dongmei Xiong* and Lixin Wang
Abdul Hassan*, Muhammad Ishaq*, Nisar Ali Shah* and Arshad Farooq*
MILK PRODUCTION POTENTIAL IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...amely, barani areas, wet mountains and Northern dry mountains of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan by using concept of typical farms. The yield and production of milk gap was estimated in three scenarios. The results showed that the present milk production of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is 2.74 mt with 1579 lit of milk per buffalo per year, 663 lit of milk per cow per year, 95 lit milk per goat per year and 64 lit of milk per sheep per ye...
Nasarullah*, Raiz uddin*, Fakhar Uddin* and Muhammad Jamal*
INTERPRETING WHEAT GENOTYPES FOR GRAIN YIELD UNDER DIFFERENT REGIMES OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...s ranging from plains to mountains. Wheat is grown throughout the country to feed more than 200 million people. To get maximum yield, high yielding genotypes suitable to diverse agro-climatic conditions are needed. However, so for few varieties have been developed that can efficiently grow in different environments. This is one of the reasons for lower wheat production in the country. Current experiment was conducted to monitor stability of yield potential of ...
Yanxiao Meng1, Guihua Wang1, Dongmei Xiong1,*, Haixia Liu1, Xiaolin Liu1, Lixin Wang1 and Jianlu Zhang2
Liumeng Zheng1, Yanmei Wang1, Jiagui Zhu2, Ke Wang2, Dejing Cai2, Yuanzhao Qin3, Yuming Guo3, Hongxing Niu1,* and Yanzhen Bu1,*
Hongqun Li1, Xiaoli Liu2,*, Zhenmin Lian3,RenheWang4, Yongbin Wang4, Yongyao Fu1 andDingyi Wang5
Muhammad Zulfiqar1*, Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Irshad Khan Abbasi2, Muhammad Tariq2, Jawad Ali3, Melad Karim4 and Rizwan Ahmad1
Xiao-Ying Ren1, Di Zhang2 and Wan-Long Zhu1,*
Zhen-Yang Wu1, Guang-Xin E2,*, Hui Ran1, Da-Hui Wang1 and Tian-You Yang1
...isolation, especially by mountains, has played an important role in limiting rice frog migration.
...
Yasir Ali1,2*, Bashir Ahmad1, Naqeebullah Jogezai3 and Adil Hussain1
...rs of Karakorum Range of mountains, Pakistan. Serial dilution and plating approaches were exploited for bacterial isolation and the isolates were qualitatively screened for proteolytic and lipolytic activity with skim milk and Tributyrin agar (TBA plate) assay method. From the collected samples, a total of 20 bacterial isolates (PAK-01 to PAK-20) were exhibiting psychrotrophic physiology. About 8 isolates were capable of proteolysis in alkaline range of pH; an...
Dongping Liu1, Guogang Zhang1, Chao Wang2, Baoping Qing2 and Jun Lu1,*
Cheng Zhao1,2, Jianghong Ran2*, Bin Wang2,3, Qin Shi4 and Marwan M.A. Rashed1
Arif Alam1*, Faridullah2, Ikram Shah1, Shahzad Khan3, Noor Elahi1 and Ehsan Inamullah1
Estimation of Farm Level Technical Efficiency in Maize Production at the High Mountain North Region of Pakistan
...maize production in high mountains of Pakistan. For this purpose, initially two villages one from District Nagar and other from District Hunza were selected with an aggregate sample of 112 maize crop growers. Both primary and secondary data were collected from different sources. To measure technical efficiency, the stochastic frontier production function along with technical efficiency model was employed. Data was analyzed through statistical software Frontier...
Hongqun Li1*, Xiaoli Liu2*, Zongxian Han1, Shabin Wu1 and Changlei Cao1
Kiran Shahjeer1*, Gauhar Rehman1, Khurshaid Khan1 and Toheed Iqbal2
...sing of the hilly colder mountains in the North to the Dry hot plains in the South of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan was conducted during 2017-2020. Area was surveyed and collection of worker ants from the area was hired by using pitfall traps, aspirator and hand picking with the help of forceps. The study revealed that three species belonging to genus Lepisiota as a major outcome of this taxonomic study. The species include L. frauenfeldi, L. simplex...
Muhammad Qaddafi Khan Wali, Arif Alam* and Ikram Shah
Ghulam Raza1*, Maqsood Anawar2, Muhammad Akbar1, Muhammad Ali1, Alamdar Hussain1, Azhar Hussain3 and Tanveer Hussain4
... upper comparatively dry mountains of Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. It is categorized as a Least Concern species globally as well as in Pakistan, however its presence in the Karakorum mountain plays a significant role in the economy of the region as dozens of trophy hunting of this specie takes place in the region every year and generates handsome money to the local inhabitants of the mountainous community. The characteristic habitat analysis and preferen...
Shakeel Ahmad1, Muhammad Israr2*, Muhammad Amin3, Muhammad Sadiq Hashmi4, Nafees Ahmad5 and Rasheed Ahmad6
... resources. The northern mountains of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan are rich in biodiversity and provide fragmented and fragile ecosystem services while vulnerability to the rapid changes in LULC with irreversible impacts on ecosystems, especially in district Shangla. Real-time monitoring and assessment are essential to understand such changes in LULC. In the current study, spatio-temporal changes of LULC were obtained from MODIS (MCD12Q1) product from 2001&ndas...
Misbah Sarwar1*, Abdul Hamid2 and Iftikhar Hussain2
Muneeb M. Musthafa1,* and Fauziah Abdullah1,2,3
...lected lower elevational mountains to enlighten our understanding. Measuring the beetle diversity at Fraser’s hill, Gunung Besar Hantu and Gunung Angsi at lower altitudinal (500 m) cline was selected for sampling, where light, malaise and pitfall traps were utilized during 2013-2014 season. Altogether from these three sampling sites 1,575 beetle samples were collected and they went through with some diversity analysis. The Margalef index for Gunung Besar...
Shakeel Ahmad1, Muhammad Israr2*, Rasheed Ahmed3, Anam Ashraf1, Muhammad Amin4 and Nafees Ahmad5
...pulation, especially the mountains of the northern highland. These areas have experienced extensive depletion of ecosystem services and are susceptible to fast LULC changes. Real-time monitoring and assessment based on spatio-temporal are important to know such LULC changes. This study examines LULC in the northern mountains of Pakistan from MODIS (MCD12Q1) time series from 2001 to 2018. LULC was classified into ten signific...
Hamenya Mpemba1, Fan Yang1, Kirsty J. MacLeod2,3, Dusu Wen1, Yan Liu1,4 and Guangshun Jiang1,*
He-Cai Zhang, Tian-Ge Hu, Chang-Ying Shi, Guang-Wen Chen* and De-Zeng Liu
Trisiwi Wahyu Widayati1*, Aris Triyono Syahputra2, Andoyo Supriyantono1, Onesimus Yoku1, Deny Anjelus Iyai1, Priyo Sambodo1, Iriani Sumpe1
M. Nafees and Zahid Ullah
Maqsood Anwar1, Abdul Wahid Jasra2 and I. Ahmad3
...l as some of the highest mountains of the world. This diversity contains variety of habitats and landscapes that support a rich faunal and floral biodiversity. During the last two-three decades, a number of animal and plant species have become threatened or endangered mainly due to over-exploitation and loss of natural habitat. Deforestation, overgrazing, soil erosion, salinity and water logging have become major threats to Pakistan's remaining biodiversit...
Sardar Muhammad Rafique and Saliheen Khan
...ries and huge complex of mountains and plateaus lying in north and northwestern boundaries The plains are by and large, level country consisting mostly of irrigated agriculture and arid and semi-arid deserts The mountain complex comprises of broad level valleys, partially irrigated, and high steep and rugged mountains, hills and plateaus.
More than 60 percent area of Pakistan is arid and receives less than 250 mm rainfal...
Ghulam Rasool
...und in Kuenlum-Karakorum mountains in Chines Turkistan. It has great economic value and for this
reason it has been domesticated and many different breeds have been evolved by its crossing with domestic cattle. Yak breeding is common in the high lands of the Northern Areas of Pakistan (Gilgit & Bultistan). Its role in the high lands is more or less the same as the
camel in the deserts. The British travelers who first saw the Yak in Pamir, being widely reared...
Muhammad Tahir Laeeq
...a-level to 4000 m in the mountains (Sheikh, 1985). The indigenous Poplar species are comparatively slow growing and take a long time to attain exploitable size (Sheikh, 1972), therefore, do not find a high recognition for the commercial production of poplar wood. The search for fast growing tree species to meet the rapidly increasing demand for wood in the country lead to the introduction of exotic poplars in late fifties. The first introductions were from Ita...
Raja Muhammad Ashfaq and Mohammad Khan
... of Northern and Western mountains, the Indus basin and the Coastal zone. The northern mountains constitute the major portion of the watersheds of the Indus and Jhelum river system. The land in these watersheds is mainly in private ownership. wooded areas are interspersed with agriculture fields and often steep slopes are cultivated. Out of about 88 million ha total land area
of the country, 26.6 million ha comprise the upl...
K. M. Siddiqui and Saliheen Khan
... snow-covered Hindu Kush mountains in
the northwest, the Karakoram mountains in the
northeast and the great Himalayan mountain range
in the centre east. Great expanses of rocky desert,
bare of vegetation, dominate the landscape at
5,000 to 6,000 m elevation in this tract. Over half
the territory is glacier, rock and scree. Mountain
ranges form a natural barrier to summer
monsoons, making the climate dry. Most of the
...
K. M. Siddiqui
...sts were recognized
for mountains, and sub-mountain regions only. In
some situations, especially in Indo-Pakistan sub-continent, effect of forests on general climate was
also considered to be important. The local people
living in the vicinity of forests however, hardly
mattered in forest management and they were
excluded from areas demarcated as state forests.
This produced conflict between local people and
forestry departments over the use of forest...
K. M. Siddiqui
...ts were recognized
for mountains, and sub-mountain regions only. In
some situations, especially in Indo-Pakistan subcontinent, effect of forests on general climate was
also considered to be important. The local people
living in the vicinity of forests however, hardly
mattered in forest management and they were
excluded from areas demarcated as state forests.
This produced conflict between local people and
forestry departments over the use of fores...
Ghulam Rasul
...Asia, it is found in the mountains of Russian and Chinese Turkistan, Central Siberia, Kashmir, Chitral, Northern Areas, Afghanistan, Palestine and Arabia. There are four geographical races of this species viz; Himalayan Ibex or Alpine Ibex, Siberian Ibex, Spanish Ibex and Caucasian Ibex....
G. M. Khattak, Mahmood Iqbal Sheikh and Abdul Khaliq
...h two thirds of it under mountains and deserts. Agriculture is practiced over about 47.5 million acres, of which about 33.5 million are irrigated, mostly by canals. Production forests cover barely 1.5% of the total land area. So the country is short of timber and fire-wood: Wood and wood products - mostly pulp and paper - worth 550 million rupees are imported every year on the average. And the scarcity of firewood forces the rural people to use anything combus...
Mirza Hakim Khan Dr.
... narrow valley with high mountains and steep slopes. The altitude ranges from 1500 to 4900 m. Snow slides and landslides are common. A number of large water courses, Meran, Tangogh, Kasavir, Bakhtanshal, Bironshal, Gokshal, Chat and Duni drain into Chitral Gol, which later on joins the river Chitral near Chitral town. A thin layer of slate and phyllites (palaeozoic) overlies the crystalline or grey limestone of midcretaceous period. The soil formed by the dis...
Bahadur Ali Khan
...ecipitous nature of high mountains and deep valleys. Thousands of miles of mountainous area is completely denuded of all vegetation with very few pockets of coniferous forests here and there. There is great dearth of rich pastures, one inch of lain may cause more erosion than 16 inches in the plains due to steep nature of the mountains. Numerous small flooded streams full of silt and mud join the river Indus, making the...
Bioecology, Diversity and Distribution of Avian Fauna in Bajaur Valley, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Rahmat Ullah Khan* and Karim Gabol
...78±32) and low at mountains at 5.96% (165.87±36). Regarding feeding habits, most bird species were insectivores (49.39%) followed by omnivores (20.48%) and carnivores (18.07%) while the low number of bird species were granivores (7.22%), and second low frugivores (4.81%). Based on migration status, the highest diversity of bird species was residential (36.14%) followed by summer visitors (25.30%) and winter visitors (19.27%). Out of 83 species, 1...
