Mohammad Fayaz, Abbas Ullah Jan, Dawood Jan
...tudy estimated quantity, expenditure and quality elasticities for five vegetables namely potato, onion, tomato, cabbage & cauliflower and peas, mostly consumed in Pakistan. A comparison of quality elasticity between urban and rural households is provided using Household Integrated Economic Survey (HIES) data from Pakistan Social and Standards Living Measurement (PSLM) 2010-11. The elasticities of interest were obtained via log-log inverse (LLI) functional ...
Mohammad Fayaz, Abbas-ullah Jan, Dawood Jan, Ghaffar Ali and Yousaf Hayat
...s of interest (quantity, expenditure and quality) were inelastic with reasonable difference in magnitude across urban and rural households. Overall, the quality elasticity turned out to be positive with an estimated value of 0.0061 and 0.2375 for wheat & wheat flour and rice & rice flour, respectively. The estimation of quality elasticity based upon income quintiles revealed that the magnitude of quality elasticity increases for rice & rice flour (...
Mehreen Zaidullah and Hina Fatima
...part from the changes in expenditures and the relative prices. Hence, agricultural import and export, and farm related policies should be made harmonious with the changing population statistics and pacing urbanization in Pakistan to make this transition period smooth....
Irfan Ullah and Abbas Ullah Jan
...an unit elastic to total expenditures and have positive sign, while the demand for milk, meat, rice, other cereals and other food products are more elastic to total food expenditures (income) both in rural and urban regions. Imposition of income tax in rural and urban low and middle income household could result in huge decrease in the expenditures on these commodities in Pakistan....
Zaheer Ahmad Qureshi and Khuram Nawaz Sadozai
...to obtain the income and expenditure level of sampled House Hold. The HIES data set of year 2011-12 for KP Province was comprised of the total of 1352 sampled House Hold. However, the sampled rural House Hold was 926. The statistical framework comprised of Lorenz curve and Gini Coefficient to gauge the income inequality in the study area. To assess the income inequality both income and expenditure approaches are employed to ...
Abbas Ullah Jan1, Muhammad Fayaz1*, Yousaf Hayat2, Dawood Jan3 and Ghaffar Ali3
...ing household income and expenditure data of Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement (PSLM) survey 2005. The log-log-inverse econometric model, representing nonlinear Engel curve relationship proved to be a valid estimation technique for fruit consumption in Pakistan. The results show that quantity elasticity with respect to income is constant for dates, grapes, guava and mango and tends to increase in all fruits, apple, banana and citrus with increase...
Wang Jian1, Abdur Rehman2*, Noor Khan3, Wang Zhengjia4, Ji Peng-fei5, Xie Cong6, Muhammad Niamatullah Khan Babar7 and Raheel Saqib8
Anish Shrestha
...cost, migration cost and expenditure on sugar drug and comb foundation seems to have positive and significant relation with gross return. All of them appeared to be underutilized and needed to be increased by 39%, 74% and 34% respectively for the profit maximization. Main production problem found to be high cost and inadequate availability of modern equipment with the index score of 0.81. And, according to the farmers, main role institution that should play is...
Hafiz Saqib Habib*, Arshad Mahmood Malik*, Abid Ali** and Muhammad Aamir Khan***
SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF RURAL HOUSEHOLD FOOD EXPENDITURES IN RAWALPINDI
...tify;"> Higher food expenditures disturb the delicate balance of allocated decisions of household monthly expenditures. Several past studies in Pakistan have been committed on determining household consumer's characteristics on requirement for specific kinds of food; however less consideration has been devoted to the parameters of household food expenditures. Present study aimed to an...
Muneeb Zafar*, Tahir Mehmood**, Irfan Ahmad Baig**, Abdul Saboor** Mazher Abbas***, Shumaila Sadiq** and Khalid Mahmood****
ANALYTICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF NON-OPTIMAL USE OF PESTICIDES AND HEALTH HAZARDS FOR VEGETABLE PICKERS
...t (Rs. 14) and traveling expenditures (Rs. 16). Hence, strict legislation is required to overcome the availability of hazardous pesticides and to keep the vegetable pickers aware of the optimal use of pesticides through appropriate extension services. ...
Amara Amjad Hashmi1,2,*, Maqbool Hussain Sial3, Waqar Akram4 and Maaida Hussain Hashmi5,6
Irfan Ullah*, Abbas Ullah Jan, Muhammad Fayaz, Amjad Ali and Atta Ullah Shah
..., households’ food expenditures and demographic characteristics were considered for analysis. The uncompensated own price elasticity for milk, fruits, and baked products is greater than unity which suggests that these food groups are highly responsive to their own price change. Prices of these food products should be kept constant. Imposition of any sale tax could create a huge loss in consumption for these commodities. Milk, meat, fruits, other cereals,...
Kubra Siddique*, Ghaffar Ali, Irfan Ullah, Atta Ullah Shah and Muhammad Fayaz
...per aims to estimate the expenditure, own and cross price elasticities of meat in Pakistan. Working-lesser model is used to estimate elasticities using cross-sectional data from Household Integrated Economic Survey of Pakistan for the year 2013-14. Economic factors such as food commodities prices, households’ income and their socioeconomic characteristics are included in the model. The results reveal that on the average, households in rural region spend ...
Hassam Ud Din1*, Huma Rizwana1, Rameez Raja Kaleri2, Kaleem Ullah2 and Muhammad Din2
Evaluation of Production Performance and Marketing of Small Ruminants in District Dukki, Balochistan
... was received from total expenditure (729.10 per animal) and gross revenue (737.26 per animal). The input output ratio in Vialla Dukki was 1:2.03, in Thal was 1:2.01, in Nana Sahib was 1:1.99, in Sadar was 1:1.99 and in Nasar Abad was 1:1.20, respectively. The cost benefit ratio in Vialla Dukki was 1:1.03, in Thal was 1:1.02, in Nana Sahib was 1:0.99, in Sadar was 1:0.99 and in Nasar Abad was 1:1.02, respectively. Maximum net margin (95.05 rupees) were obtaine...
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Muhammad Luqman1*, Zahoor Hussain2, Usman Saleem3, Asif Nawaz1, Tahir Munir Butt4 and Muhammad Umer Mehmood1
Assessment of Knowledge Level and Information Sources of Vegetable Growers regarding Tunnel Farming in District Sargodha
... at least minimize those expenditures tunnel farming to a maximum level can give us a way forward. This transverse study has the Sargodha district as its universe. All the vegetable growers who used to grow off-season vegetables were the population of the study. The snowball sampling technique led us to have 8 off-season vegetable growers in Sargodha tehsil, 13 in Bhulwal, 27 in Bhera, 17 in Kot Momin, 9 in Shah pur, 11 in Sillanwali, and 5 in Sahiwal. This wa...
Abdul Hameed1*, Ihtsham ul Haq Padda2 and Abdul Salam3
Estimating Food Consumption Patterns in Pakistan by Using Ideal Demand System
...akistan through indirect expenditure and price utility functions, using integrated household economic survey 2015-16 data and the nonlinear quadratic almost ideal demand system. The paper finding shows that demand for most commodity items except for fruit, meat, sugar and other products is less than unit elastic to expenditure elasticity at the country and regional levels. Cross price elasticity assessment demonstrates that ...
Arshad Bhat1*, Masudul H. Wani1, Shabir A. Wani2, Abid Qadir3, Iqra Qureshi4 and Abid Sultan2
Muhammad Suhail Ibrahim1*, Asif Ahmad1, Anwaar Ahmed1, Amer Mumtaz2, Muhammad Javaid Asad3, Saqib Jabbar2, Ahmad Mujtaba1 and Muhammad Nadeem4
...stent rise in the health expenditure of Pakistan. Pakistan is spending 0.5 to 0.8% of its GDP. Total health expenditure during 2016-17 remains at 145.97 billion showing an increase of 9 percent over the last year. Pakistan has dire need of revamping the food safety policy and infrastructure. Food being an important intake is a major source of human exposure. Finally, risk of unsafe communication is required for management an...
Huma Qamar1, Mariam Hassan1, Muhammad Zubair1*, Adnan Arshad2, Muhammad Qusain Saeed3, Muhammad Umar3, Sundas Shahzad1, Tariq Mahmood1 and Muhammad Aftab1
...n spends a major part of expenditure on import of the edible oil owing to significant rise in demand. Main aim of the study was to analyze the 18 genotypes of Brassica juncea L. for correlation and their path co-efficient analysis. Mean square for five traits was constructed which was highly significant except plant height. Correlation in plant’s height and branches, days required for flowering and days required for maturity was positive at genotypic as ...
Malik Muhammad Shafi, Rabia Habib and Haidar Ali*
...taken. Total consumption expenditures, total income, and land size were the variables which showed significant results. Because their overall p-values indicates significant results at 5% significant value. Results of these variables revealed a positive relationship between household (farmers) savings and total income with coefficient 0.332143 and P-value 0.00*** and land size with coefficient 1823.08 and P-value 0.000*** in the study area. On other hand, total...
Fan Da1,3, Zheng-Yong Wen1,2*, Xiao-Dong Wang4 and Yu Luo5
... pivotal roles in energy expenditure, fatty acid metabolism and ROS emission in mammals. In contrast to mammals, the roles of this protein are still rarely known in fish. Here, we first identified the ucp2 gene in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus vachelli) and investigated its transcriptional changes in response to fasting and refeeding. The cDNA of pvucp2 was 1,193 bp long and possessed a 939 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 312 amino acids. Multiple protein ...
Syed Muhammad Amir1*, Shehzad Khan2, Asif Ali Abro3, Ehsan Inamullah4 and Tahir Mehmood5
...tion in terms of reduced expenditure (on buying other fuel energy materials and on buying chemical fertilizers), and in terms of higher earnings from selling trees. In light of the findings from this research, biogas technology has been proved to have great potential to improve the quality of life of farming households which in turn would positively affect the agriculture sector. ...
Masudul Haq Wani and Arshad Bhat*
...ls that as income rises, expenditure on fruits, milk and milk-product, meat, eggs and fish increases and expenditure on cereals, pulses and other primary products decreases. The expenditure on meat, egg, fish and fruits and vegetables as a percentage of total food expenditure has increased. With regard to male cultivators in part of Srinagar has shown a ...
Olatokunbo Hammed Osinowo1*, Maria Gbemisola Ogunnaike1 and Esther Toluwatope Tolorunju2
... government agricultural expenditure, irrigation, human capital, and telecommunications technology. The results of this study show that, despite an increasing trend in agricultural technology improvements, poverty is still a regional problem in West Africa. It was noted that the value added by agriculture (as a percentage of GDP) was increasing at a decreasing rate. Additionally, the findings demonstrate that West Africa’s high rate of poverty has a sign...
Dong-Min Hou1, Ting Jia2, Hui-Juan Wang1, Zheng-Kun Wang1 and Wan-Long Zhu1*
...d, which promoted energy expenditure and thermogenesis....
Feng-Yan Liu1,2,3, Ting Chen1,2,3, Yu-Hui Li1,2,3, Zheng Liu1,2,3, Jing-Jin Zheng1,2,3, You-Bang Li1,2,3* and Zhong-hao Huang1,2,3*
... different energy intake/expenditure of rhesus macaques in different age and sex classes. Our findings provide a critical base of physiological information on the rhesus macaques inhabiting the Longhushan Nature Reserve, highlighting the importance of monitoring macaques’ physiological hormones and the needs for the further knowledge on assessing the effects of tourism and provision on macaques’ management and conservation....
Shakirat Bolatito Ibrahim1, Raheem Olatunji Aminu1,2*, Aisha Olushola Arowolo1 and Adams Sanusi Musa1
...tary diversity. The food expenditure data shows that food insecurity affected 59% of households, with levels of severity and depth of food insecurity of 0.27 and 0.19, respectively. The ordered logit result indicates that gender, farmer association, cooperative society, extension visits, access to credit, remittances, and land ownership significantly influenced household dietary diversity status. In the logit model, age, household size, land ownership, coopera...
Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1*, Tehreem Shabbir1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2, Fatima Yasin1, Humayoun Huma Maqbool1, Aasia Karim3
...ccounts for 60% of total expenditure in aquaculture. This study was designed to examine the optimal inclusion level of barley meal (BM), competitive plant proteins, as a fishmeal replacer in the formulation of diets, to evaluate its effects on the carcass composition, immunity, and mineral absorption in common carp. Six experimental diets using BM as an alternative protein source containing different graded levels of BM (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%) were p...
