Molecular Detection of FMDV Serotype A Isolated from the Egyptian Delta During 2019-2020
Molecular Detection of FMDV Serotype A Isolated from the Egyptian Delta During 2019-2020
Gawhara Ahmed-Abdelmonem1*, Zeinab Aboezz2, Ahmed Habashi1, Saad Sharawi2
ABSTRACT
Egypt is one of the countries threaten with foot and mouth disease virus (FMDV) that attacks animals every year. The introduction of new topotypes/lineages of the existing FMD viruses represents a constant risk for cattle production. Serotype A is one of FMDV that is already existing and incriminated lastly in serval problems in cattle population. So, this study aimed at molecular characterization of serotype A FMDV that has been involved in the latest FMD outbreaks in Egypt. Thirty-six samples (26 blood and 10 oral epithelial tissue samples) were obtained from suspected cattle in three Egyptian governorates during 2019-2020. The samples were screened for FMDV by means of real‑time RT‑PCR that showed nearly 86% (n=31) of the examined samples to be FMDV positive. Virus isolation was carried out on ten of the FMDV positive samples that were selected according to their cycle threshold (Ct) values. Moreover, the serotype A amplicons were subjected to sequencing of the VP1 gene. Through phylogenic analysis of three FMDV serotype A isolates, it has been deduced that two isolates were clustered to Asian Iran-05 topotype with close similarities (99.42-99.57%) to the local vaccine strain, while the other one belonged to African topotype genotype IV (GIV) and was genetically different from the local vaccine strain with 85.65% identity. These findings support the suggestion of adding the African topotype GIV as a supplementary vaccine to the currently used one.
Keywords | FMDV, Serotype A, Genotype IV, VP1gene, phylogenic analysis.
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