Forages Growth and Yield Response in Crops Mixture and Pure Stands under Conventional Vs Conservation Tillage in Rainfed
Muhammad Rasheed1*, Zafar Ullah1, Muhammad Ansar1, Asma Hassan1, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz2, Muhammad Hussain Shah4 and Muhammad Arshadullah3
1Department of Agronomy, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan; 2Department of Soil Science and SWC, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan; 3Land Resources Research Institute, National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan; 4Director Projects/ PSO, Pakistan Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan.
rasheed786@uaar.edu.pk
Figure 1
Total monthly rainfall (mm) and mean monthly temperature (0C) during study period.
Figure 2
The experiment lay out; Where, O= oats pure stand; O+V= oats-vetch mixture; V= vetch pure stand; R1= first replication; R2= second replication; R3= third replication; R4= fourth replication; T1= zero tillage; T2= minimum tillage (one tillage with moldboard plough and four ploughings with cultivator) and T3= conventional tillage (one tillage with moldboard plough and six ploughings with cultivator).
Figure 3
The economic parameter used in dominance analyses for oats.
Figure 4
The economic parameters used in dominance analyses for vetch.
Figure 5
a) cultivation with mould board plough. B) zero-till plots. c) Cultivation with cultivator. d) Early stage of crops. e) Sowing with zero-till drill. f) Sowing with wheat seed drill. g) Experimental field. h) Vetch at flowering stage. i) oat at booting stage. j) Oat-vetch mixture.