Comparison of Organic Mulches with Various Weed Control Strategies for Weed Management in Maize
Comparison of Organic Mulches with Various Weed Control Strategies for Weed Management in Maize
Huzaifa Hammad1, Bakhtiar Gul1, Haroon Khan1, Muhammad Fawad1*, Hafizullah2, Haidar Ali3 and Tamana Bakht4
Figure 1:
Effect of different treatments on days to 50% tasseling in maize.
T1= Stomp 330 EC as pre-emergence and T2= Atrazine as post-emergence), organic mulches (T3= weeds biomass as mulch), Living mulches (T4= melon (Cucumis melo), T5= water melon (Citrullus lanatus), T6= cucumber (Cucumis sativus), T7= mung bean (Vigna radiata), T8= cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), T9= Weed free treatment as hand weeding and T10= Weedy check
Figure 2:
Effect of different treatments on days to 50% silking in maize.
T1= Stomp 330 EC as pre-emergence and T2= Atrazine as post-emergence), organic mulches (T3= weeds biomass as mulch), Living mulches (T4= melon (Cucumis melo), T5= water melon (Citrullus lanatus), T6= cucumber (Cucumis sativus), T7= mung bean (Vigna radiata), T8= cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), T9= Weed free treatment as hand weeding and T10= Weedy check.
Figure 3:
Effect of different treatments on plant height (cm) of maize.
T1= Stomp 330 EC as pre-emergence and T2= Atrazine as post-emergence), organic mulches (T3= weeds biomass as mulch), Living mulches (T4= melon (Cucumis melo), T5= water melon (Citrullus lanatus), T6= cucumber (Cucumis sativus), T7= mung bean (Vigna radiata), T8= cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)), T9= Weed free treatment as hand weeding and T10= Weedy check.
Figure 4:
Effect of different treatments on dry weed biomass (kg ha-1).
T1= Stomp 330 EC as pre-emergence and T2= Atrazine as post-emergence), organic mulches (T3= weeds biomass as mulch), Living mulches (T4= melon (Cucumis melo), T5= water melon (Citrullus lanatus), T6= cucumber (Cucumis sativus), T7= mung bean (Vigna radiata), T8= cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)), T9= Weed free treatment as hand weeding and T10= Weedy check.
Figure 5:
Effect of different treatments on fresh weed biomass (kg ha-1).
T1= Stomp 330 EC as pre-emergence and T2= Atrazine as post-emergence), organic mulches (T3= weeds biomass as mulch), Living mulches (T4= melon (Cucumis melo), T5= water melon (Citrullus lanatus), T6= cucumber (Cucumis sativus), T7= mung bean (Vigna radiata), T8= cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)), T9= Weed free treatment as hand weeding and T10= Weedy check.
Figure 6:
Effect of different treatments on days to maturity.
T1= Stomp 330 EC as pre-emergence and T2= Atrazine as post-emergence), organic mulches (T3= weeds biomass as mulch), Living mulches (T4= melon (Cucumis melo), T5= water melon (Citrullus lanatus), T6= cucumber (Cucumis sativus), T7= mung bean (Vigna radiata), T8= cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)), T9= Weed free treatment as hand weeding and T10= Weedy check.
Figure 7:
Effect of different treatments on biological yield (kg ha-1) of maize crop.
T1= Stomp 330 EC as pre-emergence and T2= Atrazine as post-emergence), organic mulches (T3= weeds biomass as mulch), Living mulches (T4= melon (Cucumis melo), T5= water melon (Citrullus lanatus), T6= cucumber (Cucumis sativus), T7= mung bean (Vigna radiata), T8= cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), T9= Weed free treatment as hand weeding and T10= Weedy check.
Figure 8:
Effect of different treatments on number of cob m-2 of maize crop.
T1= Stomp 330 EC as pre-emergence and T2= Atrazine as post-emergence), organic mulches (T3= weeds biomass as mulch), Living mulches (T4= melon (Cucumis melo), T5= water melon (Citrullus lanatus), T6= cucumber (Cucumis sativus), T7= mung bean (Vigna radiata), T8= cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), T9= Weed free treatment as hand weeding and T10= Weedy check.
Figure 9:
Effect of different treatments on number of grain cob-1 of maize crop.
T1= Stomp 330 EC as pre-emergence and T2= Atrazine as post-emergence), organic mulches (T3= weeds biomass as mulch), Living mulches (T4= melon (Cucumis melo), T5= water melon (Citrullus lanatus), T6= cucumber (Cucumis sativus), T7= mung bean (Vigna radiata), T8= cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), T9= Weed free treatment as hand weeding and T10= Weedy check.
Figure 10:
Effect of different treatments on grain yield (kg ha-1) of maize crop.
T1= Stomp 330 EC as pre-emergence and T2= Atrazine as post-emergence), organic mulches (T3= weeds biomass as mulch), Living mulches (T4= melon (Cucumis melo), T5= water melon (Citrullus lanatus), T6= cucumber (Cucumis sativus), T7= mung bean (Vigna radiata), T8= cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), T9= Weed free treatment as hand weeding and T10= Weedy check.
Figure 11:
Effect of different treatments on harvest index (%) of maize crop.
T1= Stomp 330 EC as pre-emergence and T2= Atrazine as post-emergence), organic mulches (T3= weeds biomass as mulch), Living mulches (T4= melon (Cucumis melo), T5= water melon (Citrullus lanatus), T6= cucumber (Cucumis sativus), T7= mung bean (Vigna radiata), T8= cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), T9= Weed free treatment as hand weeding and T10= Weedy check.
Equation 1
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Equation 3
Equation 4
