Comparative Efficacy of Commercial and Autogenous Avibacterium paragallinarum Vaccines in Layer Chickens in Pakistan
Comparative Efficacy of Commercial and Autogenous Avibacterium paragallinarum Vaccines in Layer Chickens in Pakistan
Aatif Masood Ahmad Khan1, Masood Rabbani1*, Arfan Ahmad1, Muhammad Wasim2 and Sohail Raza1
ABSTRACT
Infectious coryza (IC) is an acute contagious upper respiratory disease of chickens caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum (A. paragallinarum), and it causes significant economic losses. Therefore, the current work aimed to assess the efficacy, stability, and safety of autogenous bacterins and two commercial vaccines against A. paragallinarum in layers in Pakistan. In the present study, one hundred, six weeks old layer chickens were divided into equally distributed 10 groups. These groups were vaccinated with A. paragallinarum autogenous bacterin containing aluminum hydroxide and montanide oil with 107, 108 and 109 CFU/0.5 ml/ dose and two commercial vaccines (A and B; alum-based and mineral oil-based vaccines, respectively). Two groups were the control positive (challenged and non-vaccinated) and the control negative (non-vaccinated or challenged). Booster doses of different vaccines were given at 9 weeks old, and birds were intrasinus challenged at 12 weeks old with A. paragallinarum culture. Birds were kept under complete daily observation for 7 days after the challenge. Signs, postmortem lesions, reisolation of the bacteria, protection rate and stability after 3- and 6-months storage were used as criteria for bacterin evaluation. The results showed that montanide oil and alum gel-based vaccines with 109 CFU/0.5 ml/ dose and commercial vaccine A gave the highest protection rate (95, 90 and 90%, respectively) and highest stability after storage for 3- and 6-months at 4°C. In conclusion, both autogenous A. paragallinarum bacterins with 109 CFU/0.5 ml/ dose and commercial vaccine A were safe, stable and more effective in the prevention of A. paragallinarum infection in layers in Pakistan when administered at two doses.
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