BIO-CHEMICAL EVALUATION OF HONEY PRODUCED BY APIS MELLIFERA HONEYBEE COLLECTED FROM JHANG, BAHAWALPUR, MULTAN, JHELUM AND KALAR KAHAR AREAS
Samina Qamer*, Iram Nasir**, Um-Habiba Zafar**, Salma Sultana** and Tayyaba Sultana**
ABSTRACT
The values of various quality criteria of Pakistani honeys were found within the permissible limits. The average moisture contents were 18.30%, 18.35%, 17.66%,16.27% and 18.7% from Jhang, Bahawalpur, KalarKahar, Multanand, and Jhelum, respectively. Similarly, the pH 4.26, 4.50, 3.91, 3.72 and 3.33; electrical conductivity, 204.67mScm-1 ,137.8 mScm-1 , 202.62mScm-1 ,277.33mScm-1 and 196.96mScm -1;free acidity 25.80 meqkg -1, 26.16 meqkg-1 , 24.97 meqkg -1, 30.25 meqkg , 25.4 meqkg -1; lactone 8.17 meqkg -1, 6.52 meqkg-1 , 6.68 meqkg -1, 5 meqkg -1and 4.08 meqkg-1 ; total acidity, 32.96meqkg-1 ,32.52meqkg-1 ,31.65meqkg -1,35.25meqkg and 28.55meqkg-1 ; proline content,376.64mgkg ,312.8mgkg ,260.17mgkg-1 ,402.57mgkg-1 and286.84-1 gkg . Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) content of honey samples were measured as 30.25 mgkg -1 from Jhang, 18.10 mgkg -1 from Kalar Kahar, 25.29 mgkg from Bahawalpur,19.71mgkg fromMultan, and19.62mgkg fromJhelum, respectively.
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