Acyl Homoserine Lactone-Based Quorum Sensing and its Role in Regulation of Extracellular Hydrolytic Enzymes in Marine Snow Associated Bacteria
Acyl Homoserine Lactone-Based Quorum Sensing and its Role in Regulation of Extracellular Hydrolytic Enzymes in Marine Snow Associated Bacteria
Abdul Nabi Jatt1*, Abdul Sattar Qureshi2 and Abdul Sami Dahri1
ABSTRACT
The discovery of quorum sensing (QS) amongst bacterial cells substantiates the coordinated activities in these microscopic organisms. QS is a system of cell-to-cell communication through which bacteria express certain genes to achieve various physiological and biological functions. Presently, several kinds of autoinducers have been reported in microbial cells, however N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) are known as the most significant QS autoinducers, frequently produced by large numbers of Gram-negative bacteria. QS system in marine snow associated bacteria has a great concern with respect to regulate extracellular enzymatic activities. Substantially, marine aggregates are large sinking particles composed of both organic and inorganic detritus and living organisms including phytoplankton, zooplankton and bacteria, and perform a critical role in moving materials from upper levels to deep Ocean. Intriguingly, findings of AHL signaling molecules in marine snow aggregates and associated microbial cells have been attributed to play a crucial role in dissociation of these large carbon rich particles with a profound impact on marine food webs along with biogeochemical cycles in marine environment. This mini review highlights the role of AHL based QS system in marine snow with respect to enhanced enzymatic activities (EEA) of marine snow associated bacterial populations and hydrolysis of these carbon rich aggregates.
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