Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are the most common forms of liver and kidney disorders, respectively, characterized by the excessive accumulation of fat. This study aimed to establish a rat model for NAFLD with steatosis and renal dysfunction, having distorted nephrons, induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). A total of 30 Wistar rats, 15 males and 15 females, were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=3). The 3 experimental groups were fed with HFD i.e., ghee-based HFD, oil-based HFD, and ghee + oil-based HFD. The negative control group was given normal chow, while the positive control group was fed vegetables. At the end of the trial, rats were dissected to analyze serum biochemistry and lipid profile of the blood. The results revealed a significant increase in serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities and creatinine and urea levels in the experimental groups. The rise in serum lipid profile parameters was observed except for high density lipoprotein in the experimental group as compared to the control group. Oxidative parameters were highest in the ghee + oil-based HFD group, indicating the highest level of reactive oxygen species in this experimental group compared to the control groups. The significant increase in organ weight was also observed in all experimental groups. The organ function of the liver and kidneys was analyzed by histological examination, which reveals accumulation of huge fat droplets in HFD-treated groups, which is associated with NAFLD and renal damage.
Research Article · Volume 1, Issue 1, 22 June 2026 · Open Access
Effect of High Fat Diet on Liver Steatosis and Renal Function of Male and Female Wistar Rat
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Affiliations & Notes ⌄
- 1Institute of Zoology, Government College University Lahore, Pakistan 2Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore , *Corresponding author: dr.dilaraabbas@gcu.edu.pk
Article Info ⌄
- Journal:
- BIOMEDICUS: Journal of Biological and Biomedical Frontiers
- Published:
- 22 June 2026

Abstract
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