Histopathological Effects of Cadmium on Various Tissues of Rohu (Labeo rohita) Fingerlings
Histopathological Effects of Cadmium on Various Tissues of Rohu (Labeo rohita) Fingerlings
Samia Azad1, Iram Liaqat1*, Riffat Iqbal1 and Uzma Rafi2
ABSTRACT
The present study documented the histopathological changes in liver, kidney and intestinal tissues of Rohu (Labeo rohita) exposed to sub lethal concentrations of heavy metal cadmium (Cd). CdCl2 was used as cadmium (heavy metal) source. Five concentrations of CdCl2 (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 ppm of Cd) were tested in glass aquaria having 35 Rohu fingerlings in each. After exposure for six week, sections of intestine, kidney and liver were excised and studied histologically. Results revealed variation in histological changes from mild to severe depending on concentration of exposure. Shrinkage of sub mucosal tissue, enlarged flattened villi, increased apoptosis and degenerated nuclei alongwith missing cytoplasmic boundaries were observed at high concentration of exposure (0.4-1.0 ppm). Likewise, CdCl2 at high concentrations (0.6-1.0 ppm) had toxic effects kidneys and severe pyknosis, degenerated renal tubule, loss of cell integrity in complete tissue were observed. Pronounced degeneration of liver tissues, severe vacuolization, remarkable cirrhosis, necrosis and karyolysis was observed in live tissue of fish exposed to high Cd concentrations (0.6-1.0ppm). In conclusion, long term exposure of Cd at high concentrations showed toxic effects on intestine, kidney and liver of Rohu (Labeo rohita) and confirmed it harmful heavy metal for aquatic environments.
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