Viral fevers, measles, chicken pox, and rabies are fairly common occurrences throughout Bangladesh. Since the population of the country is predominantly rural without proper access to modern medical facilities, they rely on traditional medical practitiofiers (Vaidyas) and plant-based formulas to treat such viral diseases. Ethnobotanical surveys were carried out amongst three ethnic groups (Garo, Khasia and Santal) and five districts of Bangladesh to identify medicinal plants used for the treatment of the above diseases. It was observed that six plants Nyctanthes arbortristis, Swertia chirata, Vitex negundo, Andrographis paniculata, Clerodendrum viscosum and Tinospora cordifolia were used for treatment of viral fevers. Stemona tuberosa was used in case of measles. Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica were used to treat chicken pox. Three plants, namely Cyathula prostrata, Amaranthus spinosus. and Calotropis procera were used to treat patients with rabies.