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Sarhad Journal of Agriculture (SJA) (Online ISSN: 2224-5383) is the official, peer-reviewed, open-access scholarly journal of The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan. Established in 1985, the journal provides an international platform for disseminating original research, review papers, and short communications that advance agricultural sciences and sustainable agricultural development.

SJA welcomes multidisciplinary contributions addressing crop production, horticulture, soil science, plant nutrition, plant protection, animal sciences, biotechnology, natural resource management, climate-smart agriculture, environmental sciences, agricultural economics, agricultural extension, food security, and related fields. The journal encourages research that contributes to food security, climate resilience, resource-use efficiency, environmental conservation, biodiversity protection, sustainable intensification, and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

All manuscripts are evaluated through a rigorous double-blind peer-review process by qualified national and international reviewers. SJA remains committed to scientific integrity, publication ethics, transparency, and continuous improvement in editorial quality.

SJA is progressing from quarterly publication, comprising four issues annually, toward bimonthly publication, comprising six issues annually. This transition reflects the journal’s expanding scholarly contribution and its commitment to timely dissemination of high-quality agricultural research. With the continued support of authors, reviewers, the Editorial Board, and readers, SJA aims to progress toward monthly publication in the future, Insha’Allah.

Volume 42, Issue 4 (2026) contains 20 contributions, comprising 19 original research articles and one comprehensive review paper, covering pages 1325–1554. The issue brings together research on aquatic biological resources, livestock and animal nutrition, agricultural economics, environmental biotechnology, crop improvement, plant protection, soil and nutrient management, climate change, remote sensing, and plant tissue culture. Collectively, these contributions demonstrate the breadth of contemporary agricultural research and its relevance to sustainable production, environmental stewardship, rural livelihoods, and food security.

1. Reproductive Biology of Hamri Fish (Carasobarbus luteus) from Al-Chibyesh Marsh, South of Iraq

Authors: Faleh Musa Al-Zaidy, Abdul Hussein Jaafer Abdullah, Falah Maarouf Mutlak and Ali Taha Yaseen

Pages: 1325–1336

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1325.1336

1. Determinants of Commercialization of Dairy Cattle Farms in Nepal

Authors: Jyoti Dhungana, Devendra Gauchan, Hari Krishna Panta, Krishna Prasad Timsina and Lok Nath Paudel

Pages: 1337–1353

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1337.1353

1. Aerobic Treatment of Olive Mill Wastewater by a Microbial Consortium: Enhanced Decolorization and Depollution

Authors: Hassan Bouigua, Soumaya Choukri, Karima El Kabous, Aicha Rossafi, Mohamed El Yachioui and Mohammed Ouhssine

Pages: 1354–1368

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1354.1368

1. Consumer Purchasing Behavior for Thai Shrimp Paste: Evidence from a Traditional Agri-Food Product

Authors: Chaiyawit Muangmee and Nusanee Meekaewkunchorn

Pages: 1369–1379

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1369.1379

1. Analysis of Livestock Resources Potential for the Development of Dairy Cattle in Getasan Sub-district, Semarang Regency

Authors: Sutrisno Hadi Purnomo, Lilis Hartati and Rahma Wulan Idayanti

Pages: 1380–1385

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1380.1385

1. Comparative Efficacy of Exogenous Chemical Applications for Controlling Citrus Scab (Elsinoë fawcettii) in Citrus reticulata Blanco

Authors: Malik Abdul Rehman, Shafqat Ali, Muhammad Ghayoor Husnain, Mujahid Ali, Salman Ahmad and Ruidar Ali Shah

Pages: 1386–1396

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1386.1396

1. Effect of Adding Different Levels of Curcumin Powder to the Diet of Broiler Breeders on Some Productive and Physiological Traits

Authors: Emad Abdulgabbar Ali, Ola Hussein Abdul Amir, Marwa T. Lafta, Nihad Abdul-Lateef Ali, Dhurgam Abbas Jasim and Amjed Razzaq Jasim

Pages: 1397–1403

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1397.1403

1. Screening of Indigenous Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Germplasm for Yield and Yield Contributing Traits

Authors: Ikram Ul Haq, Muhammad Huzaifa, Naeem Akhtar, Muhammad Tayyab Raza, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed and Ali Huzafa

Pages: 1404–1412

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1404.1412

1. Strengthening Smallholder Centered Agricultural Knowledge and Information System (AKIS) in Punjab, Pakistan

Authors: Muhammad Kaleem Abid, Muhammad Yaseen, Muhammad Luqman, Shoaib Nasir and Muhammad Usman

Pages: 1413–1423

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1413.1423

1. Optimizing Maize Residue Levels and Application Methods with Co-Application of Waste Decomposer for Enhancing Wheat Productivity

Authors: Muhammad Numan, Abbas Saleem, Muhammad Arif, Muhammad Ahmad Saleem, Muhammad Nouman Khan, Haris Ahmad, Muhammad Abbas and Syed Mahad Ali Sha Gillani

Pages: 1424–1432

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1424.1432

1. In Vitro Polyploidization and Growth Identification of Chrysanthemum Cultivars

Authors: Sitti Inderiati, Muhammad Farid BDR, Feranita and Katriani Mantja

Pages: 1433–1443

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1433.1443

1. Biological and Molecular Detection of Huanglongbing in Citrus Orchards of Layyah, Pakistan

Authors: Sonum Bashir, Yasir Iftikhar, Mustansar Mubeen, Rida Fatima, Muhammad Asif Shabbir, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan, Amjad Ali, Muhammed Tatar, Ahmet Buğra Aykac and Umbreen Shahzad

Pages: 1444–1451

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1444.1451

1. Isolation and Functional Characterization of Indigenous Phosphate-Solubilizing Microbes from Shallot Rhizosphere in Andisol of Karo, Indonesia

Authors: Agustina E. Marpaung, Tengku Sabrina, Abdul Rauf and Dwi N. Susilowati

Pages: 1452–1464

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1452.1464

1. Spatial Analysis of Vegetation, Water Stress and Land Surface Temperature in Baghdad Using Landsat Data

Authors: Susan Abed Hassan and Aaya W. Al-Azzawi

Pages: 1465–1473

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1465.1473

1. Synergistic Effects of Parthenium Biochar, Fertilizers, and Weed Management Strategies on Morphological Development of Maize (Zea mays L.)

Authors: Muhammad Ibrahim, Haroon Khan and Bakhtiar Gul

Pages: 1474–1488

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1474.1488

1. Effect of Foliar Potassium Application on Physiological and Anatomical Traits of Bread Wheat Under Water Stress

Authors: Zaman Salah Al-Dulaimi, Zainab N.M.A. Al-Zubaidy, Alaa Ahmed Obaid and Maher Nazim Al-Fatlawi

Pages: 1489–1501

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1489.1501

1. Climate Change as a Threat to Pollinators, Food Security and Biodiversity

Authors: Hamza Iftikhar, Ranra Jalal, Syed Anas Shah Bacha, Saddam Hussain, Misbahullah and Syed Majid Rasheed

Pages: 1502–1514

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1502.1514

1. Development of Nano-Taraxacum officinale Synbiotic and its Effects on Gut Health and Blood Physiological Indices in Laying Hens

Authors: Rasool H. Khalati, Alhusnah A. Mansoor and Arshed H. Alhafadhi

Pages: 1515–1526

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1515.1526

1. 19. In vitro Regeneration Responses of Dendrobium Orchids to Different Plant Growth Regulators

Authors: Rizwan Rafique, Bilquees Fatima, Muhammad Usman, Monis Hussain Shah, Tanzila Rafique and Muhammad Rafique Sajjad

Pages: 1527–1537

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1527.1537

1. Sustainable Soil Management and Climate Adaptation through Pulses Cultivation: A Comprehensive Review

Authors: Shoaib Zawar, Muhammad Waqas Yonas, Muhammad Mujahid Akbar, Mudassir Aziz, Muhammad Ibrahim and Taha Ishfaq

Pages: 1538–1550

DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2026/42.4.1538.1550

Of the 20 manuscripts published in Volume 42, Issue 4 (2026), 8 manuscripts (40%) were contributed by Pakistani authors, while 12 manuscripts (60%) included authors from countries outside Pakistan. At the author level, Pakistan accounted for 51% of total author appearances, including 11 appearances affiliated with The University of Agriculture Peshawar. Iraq contributed 19% of author appearances, followed by Indonesia (11%), Morocco (6%), Nepal (5%), China (3%), Thailand (2%), Turkey (2%), and the United States (1%). Overall, the issue reflects a broad geographical distribution of contributors from nine countries, demonstrating the journal’s international participation and expanding engagement with the global agricultural research community.

I express my sincere gratitude to all authors for submitting their valuable work to SJA; to the national and international reviewers for their time, expertise, and constructive recommendations; to the Editorial Board for its dedication and professionalism; and to Prof. Dr. Sarzamin Khan, Vice Chancellor of The University of Agriculture Peshawar, for his continued support as Patron of the journal. I also acknowledge ResearchersLinks Ltd. for providing publishing and dissemination support.

SJA invites scientists, researchers, academicians, students, and professionals from Pakistan and around the world to submit original research articles, review papers, and short communications within the journal’s scope. Through open access and its continuing publication development, SJA seeks to enhance the visibility and accessibility of research that supports sustainable agriculture and global food security.

As Editor-in-Chief, I reaffirm SJA’s commitment to publishing innovative, evidence-based, and ethically conducted research. We will continue working to strengthen peer review, editorial transparency, international collaboration, and the dissemination of knowledge that serves researchers, policymakers, extension professionals, farmers, and society.

All correspondence should be addressed to the Chief Editor, Sarhad Journal of Agriculture,

The University of Agriculture Peshawar, 25130, Pakistan.

Prof. Dr. Amanullah
Chief Editor

Sarhad Journal of Agriculture
Department of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar- Pakistan
E-mail: sja@aup.edu.pk
WhatsApp: +92-300-5741363

For complete details of the articles in this issue, please visit:

https://researcherslinks.com/journal-details/Sarhad-Journal-of-Agriculture/14/current-issue