Research Article

Newly Recorded Species in the Subfamily Deltocephalinae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) from Pakistan

Hassan Naveed1,2, Kamran Sohail2 and Yalin Zhang2*

1Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, 300071 Tianjin, China; 2Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.

Received | December 29, 2018; Accepted | March 26, 2019; Published | May 20, 2019

*Correspondence | Yalin Zhang, Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China; Email: yalinzh@nwsuaf.edu.cn

Citation | Naveed, H., K. Sohail and Y. Zhang. 2019. Newly recorded species in the subfamily deltocephalinae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) from Pakistan. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 35(2): 618-622.

DOI | http://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.sja/2019/35.2.618.622

Keywords | Homoptera, Morphology, Taxonomy, distribution, leafhoppers

Introduction

Deltocephalinae is comprised of over 38 tribes, 6,683 described species under 923 genera, making it the largest subfamily of Cicadellidae based on the number of described species, and is found in all geographical regions (Zahniser and Dietrich, 2013). Up to date, 31 genera and 57 species of Deltocephalinae have been recorded from Pakistan (Khatri and Webb, 2010). Subfamily Deltocephalinae includes small-to-large, mainly wedge-shaped leafhoppers. Ocelli on anterior margin of the head near to eyes; frontoclypeus not swollen, carinae absent; lateral frontal sutures reaching to ocelli; antennal ledges reduced or absent; gena with a fine erect seta laterad of lateral frontal suture, large, usually covering up the proepisternum. Forewing macropterous to brachypterous; if macropterous, with apices overlapping at rest; with 3 anteapical cells; often with 1 or more cross veins between A1 and claval suture; inner apical cell narrowed distally, not reaching to wing apex. Profemur AM1 setae distinct; row AV with short stout setae extending from base to 1/2 to 2/3 length of femur; intercalary row with various thin setae arranged in one row. Mesotrochanter with apical postero ventral stout seta. Metafemur macrosetal formula usually 2+2+1 with penultimate pair close-set. Metatibia usually anteroposteriorly compressed, ventrally with a median ridge. Male pygofer usually with a membranous cleft at basolateral margin. Valve produced posteriorly, lateral margins short, articulated with pygofer laterally. Sub genital plates articulated with each other and with valve; usually triangular, normally somewhat flattened; with dorsal slot or fold articulating with style. Connective Y-shaped or ‘linear’, rarely T-shaped; devoid of anteromedial lobe or process. Style broad at base, bilobed basally; apophysis not elongate. First valvula convex to relatively straight; dorsal sculpturing pattern reaching the dorsal margin or not; sculpturing pattern strigate, concatenate, reticulate, imbricate, maculose, or granulose. Second valvula with basal fused section as long as distal paired blades or longer; median dorsal tooth present or not; usually with small to large, regularly or irregularly shaped dorsoapical teeth on apical 1/3 or more; teeth sometimes restricted to apical 1/4, or absent.

During ongoing studies on the leafhopper fauna of Pakistan, three additional species belonging to subfamily Deltocephalinae, Changwhania terauchii Matsumura (1915) n. rec., Paralimnellus cingulatus Dlabola (1960) n. rec. and Linnavuoriella arcuata Hamilton (1980) n. rec., are reported for the first time from Pakistan. The material examined is deposited in the Entomological Museum, Northwest AandF University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China (NWAFU).

Genus changwhania kwon, 1980

• • Type species: Aconura terauchii Matsumura, 1915 by original designation.
• • Changwhania Kwon, 1980, 96, 97; Webb and Heller, 1990, 452.
• • For a detailed description of this genus, see Zhang et al. (2009).

Distribution

Palaearctic Region; Asia; Austro-Oriental Region

Key to species of Changwhania from Pakistan (males)

• • Coronal margin of crown with pair of round black markings; aedeagus with subapical processes and truncate apex…..C. terauchii
• • Coronal margin of crown with pair of oval black markings; aedeagus with apical processes and apically rounded…..C. ceylonensis

Changwhania terauchii (Matsumura, 1915) (Figure 1 A–I), new record to Pakistan

• • Aconura terauchii Matsumura, 1915: 163; Matsumura, 1931; 1250; Esaki and Ito, 1954; 175.
• • Changwhania terauchii, Kwon, 1980, 97, 99, Figure 1 (1-3), 2 (1-8); Webb and Heller, 1990: 452; Cai, Sun and Jiang, 2001: 93; Zhang et al., 2009: 21.
• • Length (including tegmen). Male: 2.7 mm; female: 3.1 mm.

Materials examined: 2♂1♀, Pakistan: Azad Jammu and Kashmir: Muzaffarabad, 737 m, 12-VII-2016, coll. Naveed Hassan. 4♂11♀, Azad Jammu and Kashmir: Rawalakot, 1638 m, VII-2017, coll. Naveed Hassan.

Linnavuoriella Evans, 1966: 134 (Type: Platymetopius arcuata Motschulsky, 1859)

Linnavuoriella arcuata (Motschulsky, 1859) (Figures 2 A–H), new record to Pakistan

Platymetopius arcuatus Motschulsky, 1859; Tetigonia kalidasa Kirkaldy, 1900a; Parabolocratus concentralis Matsumura, 1912; Parabolocratus citrinus Evans, 1941; Varta moshiensis Rao, 1973; Hecalus arcuatus (Motschulsky, 1859), Morrison, 1973; Linnavuoriella arcuata Hamilton, 1980; Catanach and Dietrich, 2017.

Length: Male: 4.8-5.1mm; female: 5.8 mm.

Coloration and morphology: Crown subangularly produced. Pronotum slightly wider than head, laterally carinate. Yellow-green. Orange lines dorsally on crown, pronotum and scutellum. Crown margin anteriorly with transverse submarginal ventral fuscous line. Forewings with dark spot at tip of clavus, two dark spots on apical margin (Figure 2 A, B and C).

Genitalia: Pygofer lobe acute apically, heavily setose in posterior half (Figure 2D). Valve broadly triangular. Connective “Y”-shaped with short stem. Subgenital plate elongate, broader at base, tapering apically with submarginal setae (Figure 2F). Style with sharp pointed apophysis (Figure 2E). Aedeagus with two pairs of petal-like terminal processes sub equal in length; gonopore subapical; dorsal apodeme finger-like (Figure 2 G, H).

Material examined: 3♂, 2♀, Pakistan: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Abbottabad, 1256m, 4 VIII 2016, coll. Hassan Naveed.

Distribution: Pakistan, Argentina, Australia, China, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Laos, Japan, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Vietnam, Philippines.

• • Type species: Paralimnus cingulatus Dlabola, 1960. Synonymized by Xing and Li 2011.
• • Paralimnus (Bubulcus) Dlabola, 1961: 320. Type species: Paralimnus cingulatus Dlabola, 1960.
• • Paralimnellus Emeljanov, 1972: 107. Type species: Paralimnus cingulatus Dlabola, 1960
• • Bubulcus Dlabola, Hamilton, 1975: 487; Webb and Heller, 1990: 8. Type species: Paralimnus cingulatus Dlabola, 1960
• • Dlabolasia Nemesio, 2007: 143; nomen novum for Bubulcus Dlabola, 1961, preoccupied by Bubulcus Bonaparte, 1854.

This genus closely resembles Calamotettix Emeljanov, in the aedeagal shaft dorsoventrally flattened, style shape and pygofer lobe with processes extending from the inner wall, but can be differentiated by the subgenital plates with apex narrow, anteclypeus narrowed apically and lacking the first ante-apical cell on the elytra (Emeljanov, 1972). This genus is represented by only one species and is recorded for the first time from Pakistan.

Distribution: Palaearctic Region, Oriental Region.

Paralimnellus cingulatus (Dlabola, 1960) (Figure 3 A–J), new record to Pakistan

• • Paralimnus cingulatus Dlabola, 1960: 2
• • Paralimnus (Bubulcus) cingulatus Dlabola, 1961: 320
• • Paralimnellus cingulatus (Dlabola), Emeljanov 1972: 107
• • Bubulcus cingulatus Dlabola; Hamilton 1975: 487; Webb and Heller 1990: 8
• • Paralimnus (Dlabolasia) cingulatus Dlabola; Nemesio 2007: 143
• • Paralimnellus cingulatus Xing and Li, 2011: 54–56, new taxonomic status
• • Length (including tegmen). Male: 2.7–2.9 mm; Female: 3.5 mm.

Material examined: 4♂, 3♀, Pakistan: Azad Jammu and Kashmir: Rawalakot, 1638 m, VII-2017, coll. Hassan Naveed.

Distribution: USSR, Iran, Nepal, India, Korea, China, Pakistan.

Note: Emeljanov (1972) provided illustrations for the male pygofer side and aedeagus. Hamilton (1975) and Webb and Heller (1990) did not provide figures of the male genitalia.

Acknowledgment

We are grateful to John Richard Schrock, Emporia State University, USA for revising the manuscript. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (31420103911, 31093430) and by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2015FY210300, 2005DKA21402).

Author’s Contribution

HN describes the species; HNKS wrote the paper; ZY provides technical support and revise the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

The authors declare no conflict of interests.

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