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Research Article · Volume 33, Issue 4, 19 December 2020 · Open Access

PGP Characterization of Rhizobacteria Associated with Apple Gourd (Praecitrullus fistulosus L.)

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Affiliations & Notes ⌄
  1. 1Land Resources Research Institute, National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan
  2. 2Instituto Tecnológico de Sonora, 5 de febrero 818 Sur, C.P. 85000, Col. Centro, Cd. Obregón, Sonora, México
  3. 3Government college university Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
  4. 4University of Agriculture Faisalabad, UAF Sub-Campus Burewala 61010, Pakistan
  5. 5Breeding and Genetic Resource of Vegetable - Public University of Viçosa, Brazil. *Correspondence | Taqi Raza, Land Resources Research Institute, National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan
  6. 6Email: taqiraza85@gmail.com
Article Info ⌄
Journal:
Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Research
Published:
19 December 2020
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From the article

  • The major reason was stated that few of team members as co-authors were missing in the paper.
  • Additionally, some of parameters in paper were not described technically.
  • All the authors are aware of the decision and have given their written consent for retraction.

Selected from the article's own text.

Abstract

Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial group of microorganisms which improve plant and soil health by enhancing nutrient availability and protecting plant against stresses. The current study was carried out to characterization of rhizobacteria associated with Apple Guard (Praecitrullus fistulous L.). Morphological, qualitative and quantitative tests were performed to characterize the PGPR abilities of isolated rhizobacteria. Lab study indicated that isolated bacterial strains have morphologically different colonies, shapes, and colors. The isolated strain mostly belonging to Coccus, Bacillus, and Spirillum. Nearly, 63% belonging to Coccus, 23% to Bacillus, and 14% to Spirillum. Only 18% of strains gave the gram positive staining results and 14% strains showed the hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production abilities by slightly changing the color on media. While, in the case of enzyme production test, almost 90%, of isolated strains confirmed the amylase and pectinase production activities and 36% confirms the protease activities. Similarly, 82% and 45% of isolates confirmed the solubilization of zinc (Zn) and phosphorus (P) respectively. Almost, the entire isolated strains were given positive results for ammonia (NH4), nitrogen fixation, and indole acetic acid (IAA). Furthermore, for exopolysaccharide (EPS) test, 73% of isolated strains confirmed the EPS production. The conclusion revealed that almost all isolated bacterial strains exposed the growth-promoting abilities and may be used as bio-fertilizer to enhance crop production.

Retraction Note

It was brought to our attention that Mr.Taqi Raza (Research Fellow) from Land Resources Research Institute, National Agriculture Research Council, Islamabad, Pakistan wanted to retract his published work (PGP Characterization of Rhizobacteria Associated with Apple Gourd (Praecitrullus fistulosus L., http://dx.doi.org/10.17582/journal.pjar/2020/33.4.926.939 and published on 11-19- 2020) due to some unsolved circumstances. The major reason was stated that few of team members as co-authors were missing in the paper. Additionally, some of parameters in paper were not described technically.

Therefore the article is now retracted from Pakistan Journal of Agriculture. All the authors are aware of the decision and have given their written consent for retraction.

Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1:.

Amylase production by isolates associated with Apple Gourd.

Figure 2:
Figure 2:.
Protease production by isolates associated with Apple Gourd.
Figure 3:
Figure 3:.

Protease production by isolates associated with Apple Gourd.

Figure 4:
Figure 4:.
HCN production by isolates associated with Apple Gourd.
Figure 5:
Figure 5:.
EPS production by isolates associated with Apple Gourd.
Figure 6:
Figure 6:.
Zinc solubilization by isolates associated with Apple Gourd.
Figure 7:
Figure 7:.

Phosphorus solubilization by isolates associated with Apple Gourd.

Figure 8:
Figure 8:.

Ammonia production by isolates associated with Apple Gourd.

Figure 9:
Figure 9:.
Indole acetic acid by isolates associated with Apple Gourd.

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