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Research Article · Volume 35, Issue 2, 21 May 2019 · Open Access

Newly Recorded Species in the Subfamily Deltocephalinae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) from Pakistan

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Affiliations & Notes ⌄
  1. 1Institute of Entomology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Weijin Road 94, 300071 Tianjin, China
  2. 2Key Laboratory of Plant Protection Resources and Pest Management of Ministry of Education, Entomological Museum, Northwest A and F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China. yalinzh@nwsuaf.edu.cn
Article Info ⌄
Journal:
Sarhad Journal of Agriculture
Published:
21 May 2019
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From the article

  • Newly Recorded Species in the Subfamily Deltocephalinae (Homoptera: Cicadellidae) from Pakistan.
  • A list of Chinese Cicadellidae (Homoptera) on Kudzu, with description of new species and new records.
  • Review of the tribal classification of the leafhopper subfamily Aphrodinae (Deltocephalinae of authors) of the Holarctic region (Rhynchota: Homoptera: Cicadellidae).
  • A taxonomic review of the Old World leafhopper genus Changwhania Kwon (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae: Paralimnini).

Selected from the article's own text.

Abstract

Three species in the leafhopper subfamily Deltocephalinae, Changwhania terauchii Matsumura (1915) n. rec., Linnavuoriella arcuata Hamilton (1980) n. rec. and Paralimnellus cingulatus Dlabola (1960) n. rec. are reported for the first time from Pakistan. All species are described and illustrated with habitus photographs. 

Introduction

Deltocephalinae is comprised of over 38 tribes, 6,683 described species under 923 genera, making it the largest subfamily of Cicadellidae based on the number of described species, and is found in all geographical regions . Up to date, 31 genera and 57 species of Deltocephalinae have been recorded from Pakistan . Subfamily Deltocephalinae includes small-to-large, mainly wedge-shaped leafhoppers. Ocelli on anterior margin of the head near to eyes; frontoclypeus not swollen, carinae absent; lateral frontal sutures reaching to ocelli; antennal ledges reduced or absent; gena with a fine erect seta laterad of lateral frontal suture, large, usually covering up the proepisternum. Forewing macropterous to brachypterous; if macropterous, with apices overlapping at rest; with 3 anteapical cells; often with 1 or more cross veins between A1 and claval suture; inner apical cell narrowed distally, not reaching to wing apex. Profemur AM1 setae distinct; row AV with short stout setae extending from base to 1/2 to 2/3 length of femur; intercalary row with various thin setae arranged in one row. Mesotrochanter with apical postero ventral stout seta. Metafemur macrosetal formula usually 2+2+1 with penultimate pair close-set. Metatibia usually anteroposteriorly compressed, ventrally with a median ridge. Male pygofer usually with a membranous cleft at basolateral margin. Valve produced posteriorly, lateral margins short, articulated with pygofer laterally. Sub genital plates articulated with each other and with valve; usually triangular, normally somewhat flattened; with dorsal slot or fold articulating with style. Connective Y-shaped or ‘linear’, rarely T-shaped; devoid of anteromedial lobe or process. Style broad at base, bilobed basally; apophysis not elongate. First valvula convex to relatively straight; dorsal sculpturing pattern reaching the dorsal margin or not; sculpturing pattern strigate, concatenate, reticulate, imbricate, maculose, or granulose. Second valvula with basal fused section as long as distal paired blades or longer; median dorsal tooth present or not; usually with small to large, regularly or irregularly shaped dorsoapical teeth on apical 1/3 or more; teeth sometimes restricted to apical 1/4, or absent.

During ongoing studies on the leafhopper fauna of Pakistan, three additional species belonging to subfamily Deltocephalinae, Changwhania terauchii Matsumura (1915) n. rec., Paralimnellus cingulatus Dlabola (1960) n. rec. and Linnavuoriella arcuata Hamilton (1980) n. rec., are reported for the first time from Pakistan. The material examined is deposited in the Entomological Museum, Northwest AandF University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China (NWAFU).

Genus changwhania kwon, 1980

  • • Type species: Aconura terauchii Matsumura, 1915 by original designation.
  • • Changwhania Kwon, 1980, 96, 97; , 452.
  • • For a detailed description of this genus, see Zhang et al. (2009).

Distribution

Palaearctic Region; Asia; Austro-Oriental Region

Key to species of Changwhania from Pakistan (males)

  • • Coronal margin of crown with pair of round black markings; aedeagus with subapical processes and truncate apex…..C. terauchii
  • • Coronal margin of crown with pair of oval black markings; aedeagus with apical processes and apically rounded…..C. ceylonensis

Changwhania terauchii (Matsumura, 1915) (Figure 1 A–I), new record to Pakistan

  • • Aconura terauchii : 163; ; 1250; ; 175.
  • • Changwhania terauchii, , 97, 99, Figure 1 (1-3), 2 (1-8); : 452; : 93; : 21.
  • • Length (including tegmen). Male: 2.7 mm; female: 3.1 mm.

Materials examined: 2♂1♀, Pakistan: Azad Jammu and Kashmir: Muzaffarabad, 737 m, 12-VII-2016, coll. Naveed Hassan. 4♂11♀, Azad Jammu and Kashmir: Rawalakot, 1638 m, VII-2017, coll. Naveed Hassan.


Remarks: This species can be distinguished by the head having large spots and truncate aedeagal apex with subapical processes; crown with spots more rounded than usual in ceylonensis and large facial spots. Both species have similar distributions and are sympatric in Nepal and possibly in other areas as well.

Distribution: Korea, Japan, China, India, Thailand, Malaysia, Java, Pakistan

Genus Linnavuoriella Evans, 1966

Linnavuoriella : 134 (Type: Platymetopius arcuata Motschulsky, 1859)

Linnavuoriella arcuata (Motschulsky, 1859) (Figures 2 A–H), new record to Pakistan

Platymetopius arcuatus Motschulsky, 1859; Tetigonia kalidasa ; Parabolocratus concentralis ; Parabolocratus citrinus ; Varta moshiensis ; Hecalus arcuatus (Motschulsky, 1859), ; Linnavuoriella arcuata ; .

Length: Male: 4.8-5.1mm; female: 5.8 mm.

Coloration and morphology: Crown subangularly produced. Pronotum slightly wider than head, laterally carinate. Yellow-green. Orange lines dorsally on crown, pronotum and scutellum. Crown margin anteriorly with transverse submarginal ventral fuscous line. Forewings with dark spot at tip of clavus, two dark spots on apical margin (Figure 2 A, B and C).

Genitalia: Pygofer lobe acute apically, heavily setose in posterior half (Figure 2D). Valve broadly triangular. Connective “Y”-shaped with short stem. Subgenital plate elongate, broader at base, tapering apically with submarginal setae (Figure 2F). Style with sharp pointed apophysis (Figure 2E). Aedeagus with two pairs of petal-like terminal processes sub equal in length; gonopore subapical; dorsal apodeme finger-like (Figure 2 G, H).

Material examined: 3♂, 2♀, Pakistan: Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Abbottabad, 1256m, 4 VIII 2016, coll. Hassan Naveed.

Distribution: Pakistan, Argentina, Australia, China, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, Laos, Japan, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Vietnam, Philippines.


Genus Paralimnellus Emeljanov, 1972, new record to Pakistan

  • • Type species: Paralimnus cingulatus . Synonymized by .
  • • Paralimnus (Bubulcus) : 320. Type species: Paralimnus cingulatus .
  • • Paralimnellus : 107. Type species: Paralimnus cingulatus
  • • Bubulcus Dlabola, : 487; : 8. Type species: Paralimnus cingulatus
  • • Dlabolasia : 143; nomen novum for Bubulcus , preoccupied by Bubulcus Bonaparte, 1854.

This genus closely resembles Calamotettix Emeljanov, in the aedeagal shaft dorsoventrally flattened, style shape and pygofer lobe with processes extending from the inner wall, but can be differentiated by the subgenital plates with apex narrow, anteclypeus narrowed apically and lacking the first ante-apical cell on the elytra . This genus is represented by only one species and is recorded for the first time from Pakistan.

Distribution: Palaearctic Region, Oriental Region.


Paralimnellus cingulatus (Dlabola, 1960) (Figure 3 A–J), new record to Pakistan

  • • Paralimnus cingulatus : 2
  • • Paralimnus (Bubulcus) cingulatus : 320
  • • Paralimnellus cingulatus (Dlabola), : 107
  • • Bubulcus cingulatus Dlabola; : 487; : 8
  • • Paralimnus (Dlabolasia) cingulatus Dlabola; : 143
  • • Paralimnellus cingulatus Xing and Li, 2011: 54–56, new taxonomic status
  • • Length (including tegmen). Male: 2.7–2.9 mm; Female: 3.5 mm.

Material examined: 4♂, 3♀, Pakistan: Azad Jammu and Kashmir: Rawalakot, 1638 m, VII-2017, coll. Hassan Naveed.

Distribution: USSR, Iran, Nepal, India, Korea, China, Pakistan.

Note: Emeljanov (1972) provided illustrations for the male pygofer side and aedeagus. Hamilton (1975) and Webb and Heller (1990) did not provide figures of the male genitalia.

Acknowledgment

We are grateful to John Richard Schrock, Emporia State University, USA for revising the manuscript. This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation (31420103911, 31093430) and by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China (2015FY210300, 2005DKA21402).

Author’s Contribution

HN describes the species; HNKS wrote the paper; ZY provides technical support and revise the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

The authors declare no conflict of interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1.

Changwhania terauchii Matsumura. A: Habitus, dorsal view; B: Habitus, lateral view; C: Face; D: Pygofer lobe, lateral view; E: Subgenital plate, dorsal view; F: Connective; G: Style, dorsal view; H and I: Aedeagus lateral and dorsal view respectively (Figure D–I by Zhang et al. 2009). 

Figure 2
Figure 2.

Linnavuoriell aarcuatus (Motschulsky) A: Habitus, dorsal view (male); B: Habitus, lateral view (male); C: Face; D: pygofer, lateral view; E: style; F: male subgenital plate; G: aedeagus, dorsal view; H: aedeagus, lateral view. 

Figure 3
Figure 3.

Paralimnellus cingulatus (Dlabola) A: Habitus, dorsal view (male); B: Habitus, lateral view (male); C: Face; D: Habitus, dorsal view (female); E: Female seventh sternite, ventral view; F: Pygofer, lateral view; G: Subgenital plate and valve, ventral view; H: Style, dorsal view; I: Aedeagus and connective, ventral view; J: Aedeagus, lateral view (Figure F–J by Xing and Li, 2011). 

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