Effect of pioglitazone on the proliferation markers of ESC-bearing mice. a. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PPAR-γ), and b. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK ½), and c. p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p-38mapk). Data are expressed as mean ± SD, one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc test Bonferroni test for ten mice in each group. * Significant from the untreated control group, @ Significant from the cisplatin group, $ Significant from the Pio (LD) group, # Significant from the Pio (HD) group, & Significant from the Cis+ Pio (LD) group, p<0.05.