The survival of F. limnocharis (A) and M. fissipes (B) tadpoles when exposed to different concentrations of separate and combined pesticides. Treatments are abbreviated as follows: C, Control; A, Chlorantraniliprole; B, Penoxsulam; C, Pymetrozine; D, Haloxyfop-P. Large black circle, grey circle, white circle and small black circle represent 100%, 66.7%, 33.3% and mean survival, respectively. The numbers above on the circles represent the treatment numbers.