Oviposition effects of red seaweeds on C. maculatus. Average proportion of 10 pairs of C. maculatus eggs laid on grains treated with four red seaweeds extracts (2.2 mg/cm2) after 96 h exposure. Data is given in the mean percentage (n= 3) and their standard error. Asterisks on bars are significant levels at P < 0.05 (ns, non-significant; *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001). H, D, M in codes represent hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts while J, L, A and G in codes represent J. rubens, L. karachiana, A. taxiformis, and G. foliifera.