Wazha Mugabe1,2, Lawrence Akanyang1, Mackenzie Nsinamwa1, Batanani Moatswi1, Naledi Matthews1, Kealeboga Dipheko1, Imtiaz Ahmed Ujjan3 and Assar Ali Shah2*
...omposition along grazing gradient in fenced and unfenced grazing area in the Gaborone North Region. For each study area, two parallel transects measuring 1000 m radiating from the water points (borehole) were established. Sampling plots of sizes 10m x 10m were systematically placed along each transect at intervals of 50m for the first 500m and the last 500m the spacing interval was increased by 100m. The botanical composition (P<0.05) of fodder trees along ...
Amtul Jamil Sami1,*, Madeeha Khalid1, Rehman Shehzad1, Sana Mughal1 and A.R. Shakoori2
... employing a linear salt gradient. SDS-PAGE was used to monitor the purification steps, and protein band was located by immunoblotting technique. Bubaline placental lactogen was purified to homogeneity and showed a molecular weight of about 30 kD. Purified placental lactogen was administered to male albino mice for up to eight weeks for growth promoting activity. Increased mammary growth was observed in test female non lactating mice, as compared to controls w...
Muhammad Bilal*, Zafar Abbas*, Ijaz Ahmad**, Muhammad Aslam*, Muhammad Ijaz****, Adnan Shakeel***, Mushtaq Ahmad*** and Kashif Bashir*****
RESPONSE OF DIFFERENT COTTON ( L.) GENOTYPES AT VARIOUS SALINITY LEVELS
... as compared to salinity gradient treatments. Sodium (Na ), Potassium (K ) and Chloride (Cl ) contents in leaf sap were present more in salinity gradient treatment cotton genotypes as compared to farmer practice. Overall, findings revealed that higher to lower salinity levels did not suit to tested varieties. At optimum salinity stress level, all varieties performed optimally under salt conditions....
Environmental Determinants of Zooplankton Community in the Damietta Estuary of the Nile River, Egypt
Wael S. El-Tohamy1,*, Russell R. Hopcroft2 and Nagwa E.M. Abdel Aziz3
...iomass. The main spatial gradients along the estuary were associated with salinity. The high salinity zone in the estuary downstream was dominated by the calanoid paracalanidae and the harpacticoid Euterpina acutifrons. In the lower salinity transects, the tintinnid Favella serrata dominated the estuary midstream, together with several rotifer species in the estuary upstream. The juvenile copepods and the cyclopoid Oithona spp. together wi...
Muhammad Israr1*, Saeed Ullah1, Shakeel Ahmad2, Asif Yaseen3, Urooba Pervaiz4 and Nafees Ahmad5
...f water runoff and slope gradient reduction of soil index was severe. The tillage degradation index value moderate (0.57), overgrazing index (0.32) fall in the severity scale category. Soil structure degradation index was moderate (0.44) followed by salinization degradation of moderate (0.53) index value. The study concludes that the LD existed in the area in all the dimensions and its sub-indicators having different value severity on the measuring scale, whic...
Mouslim Bara1,2,* and Luciano N. Segura3
...arge-scale environmental gradients, but mechanisms by which climate influences the bird abundance are still unknown. We analyzed seasonal variations on the bird community structure of Rallidae and Anatidae families in the northeastern Algerian Garaet Hadj Tahar for three consecutive years (September 2012 to August 2015). We studied the effect of air temperature and water depth on bird abundance and two ecological diversity indices (Shannon and Shannon E). Sign...
Tianlong Cai1, Falk Huettmann2, Kisup Lee3 and Yumin Guo1,*
Aqsa Javaid and Nageen Hussain*
Duo Jing Qiu1,2,3, Xin Yu1,2,3, Mao Jun Zhong1,2,3 and Long Jin1,2,3*
... one common geographical gradient has been considered to have a major influence on the evolution of life-history traits, which leads to variation in temperature, food availability and duration of breeding season in amphibians. Here, we examined differences in somatic condition and testis mass of male Duttaphrynus melanostictus distributed in two altitudes (120 m and 1673 m above sea level) in Hunan and Yunnan Province, southwest China. We found that ...
Abdul Rauf Bhatti1*, Ahmed Zia1, Falak Naz2, Amjad Usman3, Rukhshanda Saleem4, Ghulam Sarwar5 and Amad Ud Din6
...ping in view topographic gradients, ecological complex in Pothohar plateau and pest status of curculionid weevils, further surveys are suggested to unveil more important records from the area.
...
Asif Sadam*, Rahmat Ullah Khan and Sajid Mahmood
...recorded along a sampled gradient of decreasing urbanization from urban area to agricultural area within district Mardan. These traits were compared among urban exploiters, adopters and avoiders. Thirty-five species were recorded out of which 9 species were urban exploiters, 11 species were urban adopters and 15 species urban avoiders. Urban exploiters were significantly (P<0.05) more gregarious than adopters and avoiders. Significant (P<0....
Allam A. Megahed1; Hoda M.A. Waziri2; Khaled A. El-Dougdoug3; Badawi A. Othman3; Sirag M. Lashin1; Mohamed D. Hassanin1 and Mahmoud A. Ibrahim4
...cles obtained by density gradient centrifugation revealed that, the concentration of virus preparation estimated using spectrophotometric measurements at 260 nm was 3.004 mg/ml. The min, max nm, Amax./Amin., A260/A280 and A280/A260 ratios were 244, 260, 1.276, 1.512 and 0.662, respectively for BtMV. The corresponding figures of the purified virus preparation of Beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV) were 2.196 mg/ml, and the min, max nm, Amax./Amin., A260/A28...
AdlyAbd-Alla1,2, MahaNada3, Francois Cousserans1, and Max Bergoin1
...ation on cesium chloride gradient showed one band at a buoyant
density of 1.362. Extraction of nucleic acid from purified virus particles revealed a ~9 kb
ssRNA linear genome and analysis of capsids showed two major proteins of 31 and 32 kDa
and a minor 78 kDa protein. Infection of third instar nymphs by feeding on contaminated food
induced similar disease symptoms and bioassay experiment confirmed virus concentr...
Bingjie Zhou1, Hitesh Bhagavanbhai Mangukiya1, Siva Bharath Merugu1, Fakhar-un-Nisa Yunus1, Yuchen Fan1, Zhenghua Wu1,* and Dawei Li1,2,*
...t-size: small;">Anterior gradient 2 (AGR2), initially discovered as an estrogen-responsive gene in breast cancer cell lines, is a developmentally regulated gene belonging to the protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) gene family. AGR2 exists in both intracellular and secreted form, it is overexpressed in many types of cancer cells and also detected in extracellular space of solid tumor interstitial fluids. The intracellular AGR2 is critical in protein folding while...
Fahrauk Faramayuda1,2*, Totik Sri Mariani3, Elfahmi1,4 and Sukrasno1
...s chemical content using gradient system HPLC 0.1% formic acid: acetonitrile. The qualitative analysis results showed that the two extracts of O. aristatus resulted from in vitro culture containing rosmarinic acid and sinensetin. When compared to the wild type, the chromatogram had a larger area than the wild type. This study provides new information regarding the secondary metabolite content of two O. aristatus from in vitro culture....
Farhat Iqbal1, Abdul Waheed2*, Zil-e-Huma3 and Asim Faraz2
...pport vector machine and gradient boosting machine methods have been used to predict the live body weight (target variable) of the animal. The predictors (independent variables) included in the current study were sex of the animal, neck length, diagonal body length, head girth above eyes,shank circumference, belly sprung, and rump height measurements of beetal goats (1 – 7 years in age) of Pakistan. In order to test the performance of candidate methods, ...
Bibek Aryal, Naresh Pandey and Laxman Khanal*
Tatyana Mamontova1*, Konstantin Katkov1, Natalia Kizilova2 and Ali-Magomet Aybazov1
...r humidity, duration and gradient of daylight hours) on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of sperm (volume, motility, concentration, survival) of rams bred in mid-latitude. Sperm samples were collected from 5 Dzhalginsky merino rams once a week for twelve calendar months using an artificial vagina. The lowest quality sperm was produced in the spring, high quality indicators were observed in the autumn period (semen volume: 0.96 ± 0.14 ml versu...
Tatyana Mamontova1*, Konstantin Katkov1, Natalia Kizilova2 and Ali-Magomet Aybazov1
...r humidity, duration and gradient of daylight hours) on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of sperm (volume, motility, concentration, survival) of rams bred in mid-latitude. Sperm samples were collected from 5 Dzhalginsky merino rams once a week for twelve calendar months using an artificial vagina. The lowest quality sperm was produced in the spring, high quality indicators were observed in the autumn period (semen volume: 0.96 ± 0.14 ml versu...
Jae-Kang Lee, Hyun-Su Hwang, Tae-Kyung Eom, Dong-Ho Lee and Shin-Jae Rhim*
...t-align: justify;">Slope gradient affects the development of vegetation. Because vegetation serves as food and shelter for wildlife, information about the effect of slope gradient on vegetation is important for managing wildlife and their habitats. We examined the effects of slope gradient on small rodent populations and their microhabitat conditions from May to November 2015 in a tree-thi...
Tinda Afriani*, Zaituni Udin, James Hellyward, Endang Purwati, Adisti Rastosari, Dwiki Wahyudi
...parated by using albumin gradient and swim-up methods in Pesisir bull. The semen samples from three bulls were collected and evaluated for macroscopic and microscopic quality parameters including the percentage of motility, plasma membrane integrity (PMI) and acrosome intact (AI). The result revealed that the average motility, PMI and AI of sperms bearing X- and Y-chromosome in the albumin gradient method was 58.33&plusm...
Rafiq Ali Khan1, Sajjad Ahmed1, Salim Raza2* and Shehla Gul1
...re pressure and fracture gradient of the formation in Kohat-Potwar and Nizampur Sub-Basins and adjoining areas. Based on the UCS tests and extrapolation techniques, a benchmark value for fracture gradient of Lockhart Formation is derived that is 0.91 psi/ft. This value is very important parameter in drilling operations and can be used in proper designing of drilling fluid to avoid losses and subsequent kicks/blow out for saf...
Rezqita Putri Pitaloka1, Kartiawati Alipin1, Mas Rizky A.A Syamsunarno2, Gemilang Lara Utama3, Ramdan Panigoro2, Ratu Safitri1*
...W ID and DFP:SWEE with a gradient ratio. The ID was given orally for the first 14 days at intervals of 3 days, while DFP and SWEE were administered orally every day for 28 days. The parameters observed include iron levels in the serum, liver, heart, spleen, kidney, and brain. The results showed that the effective dose was the combination of 75 mg/kg BW DFP and 50 mg/kg BW SWEE as an adjuvant, while 200mg/kg BW SWEE can be used as a substitute for chelators, es...
Farah Naz1*, Asad Umair2 and Ghazala Noureen3
...arate from socioeconomic gradients....
Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti1, Sri Rahayu3, Gatot Ciptadi2, Trinil Susilawati2*
...s | Sexed semen, Percoll gradient, Motility, Acrosome hood, Capacitation
...
M.A.S. El-Kady1, Om-Hashem M. El-Banna 2, E.A Salama2, Salwa N. Zein1
...round in sucrose density-gradient column. The 2nd and 3rd procedures yielded aggregated virions (2.3 and 7.0 mg/ 100 g of fresh barley leaves, respectively). Electron microscopy of negatively stained purified virus preparation showed rod-shaped particles with dimension of 150x25 nm. The polyclonal antibodies raised against the local isolate of BSMV had a specific titer of 1:2000. Positive reactions were obtained when purified IgG and IgG conjugate with alkalin...
Ahmed, AmalA.; Zein, Salwa N. and Khatab, Eman A. H.
...s of the density — gradient column. Infectivity test of the viral zone was found positive. The absorption spectrum of the purified virus isolate had a maximum at 260 nm and a minimum at 243 nm. The max/min and A260/280 ratios of the virus isolate were 1.12 and 0.96, respectively. The yield of purified -virus was 6.7 mg/100g of tobacco leaves. Electron micrographs of the purified virus isolate revealed the presence of filamentous particles with average le...
Zein Salwa N; Abd El-khalik, Samaa; Khatab , Eman A.A.H and Azzam4,Clara R.
...a single zone in density gradient column. Ultraviolet absorbance ofTMV-S was typical of nucleoprotein with minimum and maximum at 247 and 260 nm respectively. The ratios of A260/280 and Amax/min were 1.2 and 1.1 respectively. Electron microscopy of purified virus showed the presence of rod shape particles with a size 300 nm. Titer of the prepared antisera as determined using ELISA was 1/2000. Electron microscopic examination of infected leaves of N. clevelandi...
Manal A. El-Shazly1, A. s. 2 Abdel Wahab and Salwa N. Zein3
...a single zone in density gradient column. Ultraviolet absorbance of both TSWV and IYSV were typical of nucleoprotein with minimum and maximum at 247 and 260 nm for TSWV and IYSV, respectively. The ratios of A260Q80 and A were 1.2 and 1.11 for TSWV and 1.2, 1.3 for IYSV. Electron microscopy of purified TSWV and IYSV showed the presence of spherical panicles with 85 nm and 80-120 nm in diameter for TSWV and IYSV, respectively. Titer of die prepared antisera as d...
Amal Abo El-Ela Ahmed; Eman A.H. Khatab; and M.S. Shafie
... meniscus of the density gradient. Infectivity test of the viral zone was found positive. The absorption spectrum of the purified virus isolate had a maximum at 262 nm and a minimum at 251 nm. The max/min and A260/280 ratios of the virus isolate were 1.83 and 2.81 respectively. The yield of purified virus was 6.1 mg/100g or tobacco leaves. Electron micrographs of the purified virus isolate revealed the presence of rod-shaped panicles of 310-320 nm for length a...
Phoebe Lyndia Tolentino Llantada1,2*, Midori Umekawa2, Shuichi Karita2
...oes using PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) method to profile the bacterial community and PCR amplification using species-specific primer sets for 16S rDNA fragments to detect major fibrolytic and non-fibrolytic bacteria. Results from the PCR-DGGE analysis showed differences in bacterial diversity, density, and banding patterns along the gut of buffaloes. Higher bacterial diversity, density, and banding patterns were observed in the foregut an...
Xin Niu1, Xuelan Fang2, Sang Ba3, Yihao Fang1,4, Davide Fornacca1,7, Kun Tan1,4, Yanpeng Li1,4,5*, Zhipang Huang1,4,5* and Wen Xiao1,4,5,6,7
... along a large elevation gradient in the temperate montane forest of Xiangguqing, located in the southern section of Baimaxueshan National Nature Reserve, China. Daily activities of the monkeys were recorded with infrared camera traps installed at elevation intervals of 200 m between 2,100 m and 3,500 m from January 2018 to May 2021. The time interval between the two species appearing at the same plots and the number of individuals were calculated for each sit...
Tanveer Jilani1*, Irfan Khan2, Asmat Salim2, Fareena Bilwani1, Bushra Moiz3 and Mohammad Perwaiz Iqbal1,4
... blood sample by density gradient centrifugation. CD34+ cells were isolated from PBMNCs by MACS using CD34+ selection kit. CD34+ cells were differentiated in to EPCs by using erythroid expansion supplement. Purity of the CD34+-derived EPCs was assessed through immune fluorescence microscopy using monoclonal antibodies against erythroid specific surface antigens CD34, CD235a and CD71. The purity of CD34+-derived EPCs was determined to be 95%-98%. Cord blood sam...
Qurrat ul Ain Shafique1, Sana Batool2, Hanfa Ashfaq2, Asima Tayyab2, Roquyya Gul3 and Mahjabeen Saleem1*
...alysis method using urea gradient (8M-0M). Human IL-2 was recovered from 1 litre culture to a purity level of ~95%. In vitro cytotoxic potential of IL-2 on HepG-2 and MCF-7 cell lines revealed that it possess sufficient cytotoxic potential and can inhibit the growth of these cell lines directly. Thus, refolded IL-2 had activity identical to that of authentic IL-2 and enhanced the anti-tumor activity of HepG-2 as compared to MCF-7 cells. These conclusions...
